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		<title>Lewis, C.S. -- The Screwtape Letters, Preface (1961 ed.)</title>
		<link>https://wist.info/lewis-cs/80947/</link>
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		<pubDate>Mon, 22 Dec 2025 15:58:04 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Dave</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Lewis, C.S.]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[constraint]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[ideal]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[literary style]]></category>
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		<description><![CDATA[At bottom, every ideal of style dictates not only how we should say things but what sort of things we may say.]]></description>
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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>At bottom, every ideal of style dictates not only how we should say things but what sort of things we may say.</p>
<br><b>C. S. Lewis</b> (1898-1963) English writer, literary scholar, lay theologian [Clive Staples Lewis]
<br><i>The Screwtape Letters</i>, Preface (1961 ed.) 
									<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(<a href="https://archive.org/details/screwtapeletter000csle/page/n15/mode/2up?q=%22ideal+of+style%22" target="_blank">Source</a>)
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		<title>Euripides -- Helen [Ἑλένη], l. 512ff (412 BC) [tr. Lattimore (1956)]</title>
		<link>https://wist.info/euripides/78063/</link>
		<comments>https://wist.info/euripides/78063/#respond</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 29 Jul 2025 17:33:16 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Dave</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Euripides]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[compulsion]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[constraint]]></category>
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		<description><![CDATA[MENELAUS:But so it has to be. For the saying is not mine, but it was wisely said, that nothing has more strength than dire necessity. [ΜΕΝΕΛΈΩΣ:ἀλλ᾽ ἀναγκαίως ἔχει. λόγος γάρ ἐστιν οὐκ ἐμός, σοφὸν δ᾽ ἔπος, δεινῆς ἀνάγκης οὐδὲν ἰσχύειν πλέον.] (Source (Greek)). Other translations: But hard necessity constrains: not mine This saying, but the [&#8230;]]]></description>
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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p class="hangingindent">MENELAUS:<span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab">But so it has to be.<br />
For the saying is not mine, but it was wisely said,<br />
that nothing has more strength than dire necessity.</span></span></span></span></span></p>
<p></p>
<p class="hangingindent">[ΜΕΝΕΛΈΩΣ:<span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab">ἀλλ᾽ ἀναγκαίως ἔχει.<br />
λόγος γάρ ἐστιν οὐκ ἐμός, σοφὸν δ᾽ ἔπος,<br />
δεινῆς ἀνάγκης οὐδὲν ἰσχύειν πλέον.]</span></span></span></span></span></p>
<p></p>
<br><b>Euripides</b> (485?-406? BC) Greek tragic dramatist<br><i>Helen [Ἑλένη]</i>, l. 512ff (412 BC) [tr. Lattimore (1956)] 
									<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(<a href="https://archive.org/details/euripidesiicyclo00euri/page/220/mode/2up?q=%22dire+necessity%22" target="_blank">Source</a>)
										<br><br><span class="cite">
						

(<a href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0099%3Acard%3D476#:~:text=%E1%BC%80%CE%BB%CE%BB%E1%BE%BD%20%E1%BC%80%CE%BD%CE%B1%CE%B3%CE%BA%CE%B1%CE%AF%CF%89%CF%82%20%E1%BC%94%CF%87%CE%B5%CE%B9.%0A%CE%BB%CF%8C%CE%B3%CE%BF%CF%82%20%CE%B3%CE%AC%CF%81%20%E1%BC%90%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BD%20%CE%BF%E1%BD%90%CE%BA%20%E1%BC%90%CE%BC%CF%8C%CF%82%2C%20%CF%83%CE%BF%CF%86%E1%BD%B8%CE%BD%20%CE%B4%E1%BE%BD%20%E1%BC%94%CF%80%CE%BF%CF%82%2C%0A%CE%B4%CE%B5%CE%B9%CE%BD%E1%BF%86%CF%82%20%E1%BC%80%CE%BD%CE%AC%CE%B3%CE%BA%CE%B7%CF%82%20%CE%BF%E1%BD%90%CE%B4%E1%BD%B2%CE%BD%20%E1%BC%B0%CF%83%CF%87%CF%8D%CE%B5%CE%B9%CE%BD%20%CF%80%CE%BB%CE%AD%CE%BF%CE%BD.">Source (Greek)</a>). Other translations: <br><br>

<blockquote>But hard necessity constrains: not mine<br>
This saying, but the sentence of the sage,<br>
Nothing is stronger than Necessity.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=hvd.hn6lrk&seq=320&q1=%22Nothing+is+%C5%BFtronger%22">Potter</a> (1783), l. 560ff] </blockquote><br>

<blockquote><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab">But thus hath Fate ordained.<br>
Nor is it my assertion, but a maxim<br>
Among the wise established, that there's nought<br>
More powerful than the dread behests of Fate.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015019113177&seq=137&q1=%22dread+behests%22">Wodhull</a> (1809)]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote>But it needs must be. For it is not my saying, but the saying of wise men: naught has a greater power than terrible necessity.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=rul.39030018953945&seq=224&q1=necessity">Buckley</a> (1850)]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote>But it is necessary. The saying is not mine, but it is a wise word: nothing is stronger than dreadful necessity.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0100%3Acard%3D476#:~:text=nothing%20is%20stronger%20than%20dreadful%20necessity.">Coleridge</a> (1891)]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab">Yet it needs must be.<br>
Not mine the saying is, but wisdom's saw --<br>
"Stronger is nought than dread Necessity."<br>
[tr. <a href="https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015012280742&seq=533&q1=necessity">Way</a> (Loeb) (1912)] </blockquote><br>

<blockquote><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab">There's no other way.<br>
"Needs must," the proverb says; and so I say<br>
"Needs must," and my necessities obey.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=uc1.b4036627&seq=27&q1=%22my+necessities%22">Sheppard</a> (1925)]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab">But necessity compels. <br>
It is not my saying, but it is a weighty one, <br>
that nothing has more strength than hard necessity.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015014494374&seq=42&q1=necessity">Warner</a> (1951)]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote>Well, I must. <i>Nothing is stronger than necessity</i> -- I did not invent that proverb, but it’s true none the less, and very well known.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://archive.org/details/bacchaeotherplay00euri/page/140/mode/2up?q=%22stronger+than+necessity%22">Vellacott</a> (1954)]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote>But this <i>is</i> what things have come to.<br>
He spoke wisely -- it wasn't I -- who said:<br>
<span class="tab">there is no arm strong enough to bend back dread necessity.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://www.google.com/books/edition/The_Essential_Euripides/bIGmPOH2RpIC?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=%22dread%20necessity%22">Meagher</a> (1986)] </blockquote><br>

<blockquote>But there is no alternative. It is not my own saying, but a wise man's none the less, that nothing is as strong as stern necessity.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://www.google.com/books/edition/Heracles_and_Other_Plays/3ccaxnT-SFEC?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=%22stern%20necessity%22">Davie</a> (2002)] </blockquote><br>

<blockquote>Still needs must I. Yea, this is no saying of mine, but a word of wisdom, "Naught in might exceedeth dread necessity."<br>
[tr. <a href="https://archive.org/details/euripidesninetee0000euri/page/374/mode/2up?q=%22dread+necessity%22">Athenian Society</a> (2006)]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote>But -- "beggars can't be choosers". Hardly an original proverb,<br>
But wise words indeed.<br>
[tr. <a href="http://www.users.globalnet.co.uk/~loxias/helen.htm#:~:text=But%20%2D%20%22beggars%20can%27t%20be%20choosers%22.%20Hardly%20an%20original%20proverb%2C%0ABut%20wise%20words%20indeed.">A. Wilson</a> (2007)]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote>Still, I must bow to necessity. A wise man, not I, once said that there’s no mightier force than dire necessity.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://bacchicstage.wordpress.com/euripides/helen/#:~:text=Still%2C%20I%20must%20bow%20to%20necessity.%20A%20wise%20man%2C%20not%20I%2C%20once%20said%20that%20there%E2%80%99s%20no%20mightier%20force%20than%20dire%20necessity.">Theodoridis</a> (2011)]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab">Still, ‘necessity offers us no choice’.<br>
I didn’t make that up, but it sounds smart.<br>
[<a href="https://www.uvm.edu/~jbailly/courses/CLAS24TrojanWar/1.%20Helen%20Script.pdf#page=20">Ambrose</a> et al. (2018)]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote>But it is necessary. The saying is not mine, but it is a wise <i>[sophon]</i> word <i>[epos]:</i> nothing is stronger than dreadful <i>[deinē]</i> necessity.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://chs.harvard.edu/primary-source/euripides-helen/#:~:text=but%20it%20is%20necessary.%20The%20saying%20is%20not%20mine%2C%20but%20it%20is%20a%20wise%20%5Bsophon%5D%20word%20%5Bepos%5D%3A%20nothing%20is%20stronger%20than%20dreadful%20%5Bdein%C4%93%5D%20necessity.">Coleridge / Helen Heroization Team</a>]</blockquote><br>						</span>
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		<title>Brodsky, Joseph -- &#8220;Less Than One,&#8221; Less Than One: Selected Essays (1986)</title>
		<link>https://wist.info/brodsky-joseph/46839/</link>
		<comments>https://wist.info/brodsky-joseph/46839/#respond</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 04 May 2021 15:16:30 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Dave</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Brodsky, Joseph]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[boredom]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[confinement]]></category>
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		<description><![CDATA[The formula for prison is a lack of space counterbalanced by a surplus of time. This is what really bothers you, that you can&#8217;t win. Prison is lack of alternatives, and the telescopic predictability of the future is what drives you crazy.]]></description>
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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The formula for prison is a lack of space counterbalanced by a surplus of time. This is what really bothers you, that you can&#8217;t win. Prison is lack of alternatives, and the telescopic predictability of the future is what drives you crazy.</p>
<br><b>Joseph Brodsky</b> (1940-1996) Russian-American poet, essayist, Nobel laureate, US Poet Laureate [Iosif Aleksandrovič Brodskij] <br>&#8220;Less Than One,&#8221; <i>Less Than One: Selected Essays</i> (1986) 
									<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(<a href="https://www.google.com/books/edition/Less_Than_One/N5Nzm2uihkAC?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=brodsky%20%22space%20counterbalanced%20by%20a%20surplus%22&pg=PA23&printsec=frontcover&bsq=brodsky%20%22space%20counterbalanced%20by%20a%20surplus%22" target="_blank">Source</a>)
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		<title>Malory, Thomas -- Le Morte d&#8217;Arthur, Book 18, ch. 20 (1485)</title>
		<link>https://wist.info/malory-thomas/45044/</link>
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		<pubDate>Tue, 12 Jan 2021 18:27:54 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Dave</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Malory, Thomas]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[constraint]]></category>
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		<description><![CDATA[I love not to be constrained to love; for love must only arise of the heart&#8217;s self, and not by no constraint. Lancelot to Guinevere, of the Lady of Ascolat.]]></description>
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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I love not to be constrained to love; for love must only arise of the heart&#8217;s self, and not by no constraint.</p>
<br><b>Thomas Malory</b> (c. 1415-1471) English writer<br><i>Le Morte d&#8217;Arthur</i>, Book 18, ch. 20 (1485) 
									<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(<a href="https://archive.org/stream/TheDeathofArthur/The%20Death%20of%20Arthur%202_djvu.txt#maincontent:~:text=I%20love%20not%20to%20be%20constrained,self%2C%20and%20not%20by%20no%20constraint.%E2%80%99" target="_blank">Source</a>)
										<br><br><span class="cite">
						

Lancelot to Guinevere, of the Lady of Ascolat.

						</span>
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		<title>Brown, Les -- (Attributed)</title>
		<link>https://wist.info/brown-les/40872/</link>
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		<pubDate>Wed, 04 Mar 2020 21:06:19 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Dave</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Brown, Les]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[concern]]></category>
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		<description><![CDATA[Too many of us are not living our dreams because we are living our fears.]]></description>
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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Too many of us are not living our dreams because we are living our fears.</p>
<br><b>Leslie Calvin "Les" Brown</b> (b. 1945) American motivational speaker, author, politician<br>(Attributed) 
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		<title>Euripides -- Hecuba [Hekabe; Ἑκάβη], l.  864ff (c. 424 BC) [tr. Arrowsmith (1958)]</title>
		<link>https://wist.info/euripides/6979/</link>
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		<pubDate>Thu, 02 Apr 2009 10:59:10 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Dave</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Euripides]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[conformity]]></category>
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		<description><![CDATA[HECUBA: Then no man on earth is truly free, All are slaves of money or necessity. Public opinion or fear of prosecution forces each one, against his conscience, to conform. ἙΚΆΒΗ:[φεῦ. οὐκ ἔστι θνητῶν ὅστις ἔστ’ ἐλεύθερος· ἢ χρημάτων γὰρ δοῦλός ἐστιν ἢ τύχης ἢ πλῆθος αὐτὸν πόλεος ἢ νόμων γραφαὶ εἴργουσι χρῆσθαι μὴ κατὰ [&#8230;]]]></description>
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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p class="hangingindent">HECUBA: <span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab">Then no man on earth is truly free,<br />
All are slaves of money or necessity.<br />
Public opinion or fear of prosecution<br />
forces each one, against his conscience,<br />
to conform.</span></span></span></p>
<p></p>
<p class="hangingindent">ἙΚΆΒΗ:<span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab">[φεῦ.<br />
οὐκ ἔστι θνητῶν ὅστις ἔστ’ ἐλεύθερος·<br />
ἢ χρημάτων γὰρ δοῦλός ἐστιν ἢ τύχης<br />
ἢ πλῆθος αὐτὸν πόλεος ἢ νόμων γραφαὶ<br />
εἴργουσι χρῆσθαι μὴ κατὰ γνώμην τρόποις.]</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
<p></p>
<br><b>Euripides</b> (485?-406? BC) Greek tragic dramatist<br><i>Hecuba</i> [Hekabe; Ἑκάβη], l.  864ff (c. 424 BC) [tr. Arrowsmith (1958)] 
									<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(<a href="https://archive.org/details/euripidesiiihecu00euri/page/48/mode/2up?q=%22truly+free%22" target="_blank">Source</a>)
										<br><br><span class="cite">
						

When Agamemnon claims he cannot help her get revenge, as much as he'd like to if he were free to assist, because he has to pay attention to the sentiments of the Greek army.<br><br>

(<a href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0097%3Acard%3D864#:~:text=%CF%86%CE%B5%E1%BF%A6.%0A%CE%BF%E1%BD%90%CE%BA,%CE%B3%CE%BD%CF%8E%CE%BC%CE%B7%CE%BD%20%CF%84%CF%81%CF%8C%CF%80%CE%BF%CE%B9%CF%82.">Source (Greek)</a>). Alternate translations: <br><br>

<blockquote>Alas! there's no man free: for some are slaves <br>
To gold, to fortune others, and the rest, <br>
The multitude or written laws restrain <br>
From acting as their better judgement dictates.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://archive.org/details/nineteentragedi01wodhgoog/page/38/mode/2up?q=%22Alas+%21+there%27s+no+man+free%22">Wodhull</a> (1809)]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote>Alas! no mortal is there who is free. For either he is the slave of money or of fortune; or the populace of the city or the dictates of the law constrain him to adopt manners not accordant with his natural inclinations.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://topostext.org/work/38#:~:text=Alas!%20no%20mortal%20is%20there%20who%20is%20free.%20For%20either%20he%20is%20the%20slave%20of%20money%20or%20of%20fortune%3B%20or%20the%20populace%20of%20the%20city%20or%20the%20dictates%20of%20the%20law%20constrain%20him%20to%20adopt%20manners%20not%20accordant%20with%20his%20natural%20inclinations.">Edwards</a> (1826)] </blockquote><br>

<blockquote>Vain is the boast of liberty in man;<br>
A slave to fortune, or a slave to wealth,<br>
Or by the people or the laws restrain’d, <br>
He dares not act the dictates of his will<br>
[ed. <a href="https://archive.org/details/beautifulthough02unkngoog/page/124/mode/2up?q=%22Vain+is+the+boast+%22">Ramage</a> (1864)]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote>Ah, among mortals is there no man free!<br>
To lucre or to fortune is he slave:<br>
The city's rabble or the laws' impeachment<br>
Constrains him into paths his soul abhors.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Tragedies_of_Euripides_(Way)/Hecuba#:~:text=Ah%2C%20among%20mortals,his%20soul%20abhors.">Way</a> (Loeb) (1894)]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote>Ah! there is not in the world a single man free; for he is a slave either to money or to fortune, or else the people in their thousands or the fear of public prosecution prevents him from following the dictates of his heart.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0098%3Acard%3D864#:~:text=Ah!%20there%20is%20not%20in%20the%20world%20a%20single%20man%20free%3B%20%5B865%5D%20for%20he%20is%20a%20slave%20either%20to%20money%20or%20to%20fortune%2C%20or%20else%20the%20people%20in%20their%20thousands%20or%20the%20fear%20of%20public%20prosecution%20prevents%20him%20from%20following%20the%20dictates%20of%20his%20heart.">Coleridge</a> (1938)]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote>Show me the mortal man who's really free. <br>
He's either a slave to money or to chance. <br>
Or the pressure of the mob or legal code <br>
curbs him from acting as his will dictates.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://www.google.com/books/edition/Hecuba/94JBBAAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=hecuba%20%22slave%20to%20money%22">Harrison</a> (2005)]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote>Ah! But there’s no such thing as a free man!  All men are slaves, Agamemnon! Slaves to money, to Fate, to the cries of the masses, to the written laws!  They all stop him from doing what he wants.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://bacchicstage.wordpress.com/euripides/hekabe-aka-hecuba/#:~:text=Ah!%20But%20there%E2%80%99s%20no%20such%20thing%20as%20a%20free%20man!%C2%A0%20All%20men%20are%20slaves%2C%20Agamemnon!%20Slaves%20to%20money%2C%20to%20Fate%2C%20to%20the%20cries%20of%20the%20masses%2C%20to%20the%20written%20laws!%C2%A0%20They%20all%20stop%20him%20from%20doing%20what%20he%20wants.">Theodoridis</a> (2007)]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab">Then no one is free<br>
in this world. He’s chained to money, or to luck, or to majority<br>
opinion, or to law. Any way you look at it,<br>
he’s still a slave.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://www.didaskalia.net/issues/8/32/HecubaKardanStreet.pdf#page=26">Karden/Street</a> (2011)]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab">Alas!<br>
there is not in the world a single man who is free;<br>
for he is a slave either to money or to fortune,<br>
or else the mob, or fear of law, prevents him<br>
from following the dictates of his heart.<br>
[ed. <a href="https://www.google.com/books/edition/A_Dictionary_of_Classical_Greek_Quotatio/knv1DwAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=%22alas%20there%20is%20not%22">Yeroulanos</a> (2016)]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote>There is no mortal who is free. Either he is a slave to money or fortune, or the city’s mob or its laws make him live otherwise than he would wish.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://sententiaeantiquae.com/2016/05/22/highlights-from-euripides-hecuba/#:~:text=%CE%BF%E1%BD%90%CE%BA%20%E1%BC%94%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B9%20%CE%B8%CE%BD%CE%B7%CF%84%E1%BF%B6%CE%BD,7%20(Hecuba%20speaking)">@sentantiq</a> (2016)]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab">Ha!<br>
No one who is mortal is free --<br>
We are either the slave of money or chance;<br>
Or the majority of people or the city’s laws<br>
Keep us from living by our own judgment.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://sententiaeantiquae.com/2021/11/17/goddess-and-the-women-of-the-gods-a-special-episode-of-reading-greek-tragedy-online/#:~:text=%E2%80%9CHa!%0ANo%20one%20who%20is%20mortal%20is%20free%E2%80%94%0AWe%20are%20either%20the%20slave%20of%20money%20or%20chance%3B%0AOr%20the%20majority%20of%20people%20or%20the%20city%E2%80%99s%20laws%0AKeep%20us%20from%20living%20by%20our%20own%20judgment.">@sentantiq</a> (2020)]</blockquote><br>
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