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                <!-- DCH Modify the title to give the category (quote author) at the beginning of it. -->
		<title>Twain, Mark -- Essay (1906), &#8220;The Gorky Incident,&#8221; Letters from the Earth (c. 1909; pub. 1962) [ed. DeVoto (1939)]</title>
		<link>https://wist.info/twain-mark/84113/</link>
		<comments>https://wist.info/twain-mark/84113/#respond</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 15 May 2026 17:38:27 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Dave</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Twain, Mark]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[custom]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[irrationality]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[law]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[morality]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[penalty]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[public opinion]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[public policy]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[punishment]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[rationality]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[scandal]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[social conventions]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[taboo]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[tradition]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[transgression]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[Laws are coldly reasoned out and established upon what the lawmakers believe to be a basis of right. But customs are not. Customs are not enacted, they grow gradually up, imperceptibly and unconsciously, like an oak from its seed. In the fullness of their strength they can stand up straight in front of a world [&#8230;]]]></description>
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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Laws are coldly reasoned out and established upon what the lawmakers believe to be a basis of right. But customs are not. Customs are not enacted, they grow gradually up, imperceptibly and unconsciously, like an oak from its seed. In the fullness of their strength they can stand up straight in front of a world of argument and reasoning and yield not an inch.</p>
<br><b>Mark Twain</b> (1835-1910) American writer [pseud. of Samuel Clemens]<br>Essay (1906), &#8220;The Gorky Incident,&#8221; <i>Letters from the Earth</i> (c. 1909; pub. 1962) [ed. DeVoto (1939)] 
									<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(<a href="https://archive.org/details/lettersfromearth0000clem/page/156/mode/2up?q=%22coldly+reasoned%22" target="_blank">Source</a>)
										<br><br><span class="cite">
						

Commenting on the <a href="https://twainsgeography.com/node/10439">eviction</a> of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maxim_Gorky">Maxim Gorky</a> from multiple hotels in New York City because the woman he was traveling with was not his wife. Twain was a supporter of Gorky's efforts to foment revolution in Tsarist Russia.<br><br>

The essay was not published in Twain's lifetime.  It's <a href="https://twainsgeography.com/node/10439#:~:text=in%20Sam%E2%80%99s%20lifetime.-,It%20first%20appeared,-edited%20by%20Bernard">original publication</a> was in the <i>Slavonic and East European Review</i> (1944-08), also edited by DeVoto.						</span>
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		<title>Montaigne, Michel de -- Essays, Book 2, ch. 18 (2.18), &#8220;Of Giving the Lie [Du Démentir]&#8221; (1578–79) [tr. Screech (1987)]</title>
		<link>https://wist.info/montaigne-michel-de/82003/</link>
		<comments>https://wist.info/montaigne-michel-de/82003/#respond</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 12 Feb 2026 05:00:22 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Dave</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Montaigne, Michel de]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[corruption]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[culture]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[custom]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[debasing]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[dishonesty]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[lies]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[lying]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[manners]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[mendacity]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[morals]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[mores]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[society]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[truth]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[untruth]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[The first sign of corrupt morals is the banishing of truth. [Le premier traict de la corruption des mœurs, c’est le bannissement de la verité] This essay (and this passage) appeared in the 1st (1580) edition, and was expanded in each succeeding edition. (Source (French)). Alternate translations: The first part of customs-corruption, is the banishment [&#8230;]]]></description>
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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The first sign of corrupt morals is the banishing of truth.</p>
<p><em>[Le premier traict de la corruption des mœurs, c’est le bannissement de la verité]</em></p>
<br><b>Michel de Montaigne</b> (1533-1592) French essayist<br><i>Essays</i>, Book 2, ch. 18 (2.18), &#8220;Of Giving the Lie <i>[Du Démentir]</i>&#8221; (1578–79) [tr. Screech (1987)] 
									<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(<a href="https://archive.org/details/the-complete-essays-montaigne-michel-de-1533-1592/page/755/mode/2up?q=%22first+sign+of+corrupt%22" target="_blank">Source</a>)
										<br><br><span class="cite">
						

This essay (and this passage) appeared in the 1st (1580) edition, and was expanded in each succeeding edition.<br><br>

(<a href="https://hyperessays.net/gournay/book/II/chapter/18/#:~:text=Le%20premier%20traict%20de%20la%20corruption%20des%20m%C5%93urs%2C%20c%E2%80%99est%20le%20bannissement%20de%20la%20verit%C3%A9%E2%80%AF">Source (French)</a>). Alternate translations:<br><br>

<blockquote>The first part of customs-corruption, is the banishment of truth.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://hyperessays.net/florio/book/II/chapter/18/#:~:text=The%20first%20part%20of%20customs%2Dcorruption%2C%20is%3B%20the%20banishment%20of%20truth">Florio</a> (1603)]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote>The first step to the corruption of manners is banishing of truth.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://archive.org/details/essaysmichaelde00montgoog/page/368/mode/2up?q=%22the+first+step+to%22">Cotton</a> (1686)]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote>The first thing done in the corruption of manners is banishing truth.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://hyperessays.net/essays/on-calling-out-lies/#:~:text=The%20first%20thing%20done%20in%20the%20corruption%20of%20manners%20is%20banishing%20truth">Cotton/Hazlitt</a> (1877)]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote>The first feature of corruption of morals is the banishment of truth.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://www.google.com/books/edition/The_Essays_of_Montaigne/Ht7QAAAAMAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=%22first%20feature%20of%20corruption%22">Ives</a> (1925)] </blockquote><br>

<blockquote>The first feature in the corruption of morals is the banishment of truth.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://www.google.com/books/edition/The_Essays_of_Michel_de_Montaigne/cncGAQAAIAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=%22feature%20in%20the%20corruption%22&dq=zeitlin%20montaigne&printsec=frontcover">Zeitlin</a> (1934)] </blockquote><br>

<blockquote>The first stage in the corruption of morals is the banishment of truth.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://archive.org/details/completeworksofm0000mont/page/504/mode/2up?q=%22first+stage+in+the%22">Frame</a> (1943)] </blockquote><br>						</span>
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                <!-- DCH Modify the title to give the category (quote author) at the beginning of it. -->
		<title>Moliere -- Don Juan [Dom Juan], Act 5, sc. 2 (1665) [tr. Wilbur (2001)]</title>
		<link>https://wist.info/moliere/80407/</link>
		<comments>https://wist.info/moliere/80407/#respond</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 20 Nov 2025 22:38:12 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Dave</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Moliere]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[custom]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[disgrace]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[dissembling]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[fashion]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[hypocrisy]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[shamelessness]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[vice]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[virtue]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[DON JUAN: It&#8217;s no longer shameful to be a dissembler; hypocrisy is now a fashionable vice, and all fashionable vices pass for virtues. [DON JUAN: Il n’y a plus de honte maintenant à cela ; l’hypocrisie est un vice à la mode, et tous les vices à la mode passent pour vertus.] (Source (French)). Other [&#8230;]]]></description>
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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p class="hangingindent">DON JUAN: It&#8217;s no longer shameful to be a dissembler; hypocrisy is now a fashionable vice, and all fashionable vices pass for virtues.</p>
<p></p>
<p class="hangingindent"><em>[DON JUAN: Il n’y a plus de honte maintenant à cela ; l’hypocrisie est un vice à la mode, et tous les vices à la mode passent pour vertus.]</em></p>
<p></p>
<br><b>Molière</b> (1622-1673) French playwright, actor [stage name for Jean-Baptiste Poquelin]<br><i>Don Juan [Dom Juan]</i>, Act 5, sc. 2 (1665) [tr. Wilbur (2001)] 
									<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(<a href="https://www.google.com/books/edition/Moliere_The_Complete_Richard_Wilbur_Tran/DKUbEAAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=%22it%27s%20no%20longer%20shameful%22" target="_blank">Source</a>)
										<br><br><span class="cite">
						

(<a href="https://fr.wikisource.org/wiki/Don_Juan_ou_le_Festin_de_pierre/%C3%89dition_Louandre,_1910/Acte_V#:~:text=Il%20n%E2%80%99y%20a%20plus%20de%20honte%20maintenant%20%C3%A0%20cela%C2%A0%3B%20l%E2%80%99hypocrisie%20est%20un%20vice%20%C3%A0%20la%20mode%2C%20et%20tous%20les%20vices%20%C3%A0%20la%20mode%20passent%20pour%20vertus.">Source (French)</a>). Other translations:<br><br>

<blockquote>There's no manner of Disgrace in this now-a-days, Hypocrisy is a modish Vice, and all modish Vices pass for Virtues.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://www.google.com/books/edition/The_Works_of_Moli%C3%A8re/CVgzAQAAMAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=%22pass%20for%20virtues%22">Clitandre</a> (1672)] </blockquote><br>

<blockquote>There is no longer any shame in acting thus: hypocrisy is a fashionable vice, and all fashionable vices pass for virtues.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://www.google.com/books/edition/The_dramatic_works_of_Moli%C3%A8re_rendered/NGACAAAAQAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=%22fashionable%20vice%22">Van Laun</a> (1876)]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote>There is no longer any shame in Hypocrisy; it is a fashionable vice, and all fashionable vices pass for virtues. <br>
[tr. <a href="https://www.google.com/books/edition/The_Dramatic_Works_of_Moli%C3%A8re/JrhEAQAAMAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=%22shame%20in%20hypocrisy%22">Wall</a> (1879)] </blockquote><br>

<blockquote>There is no longer any shame in acting thus. Hypocrisy is a fashionable vice, and all fashionable vices pass for virtues.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://www.google.com/books/edition/_/a6OuxqYk0nsC?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=%22fashionable%20vice%22">Waller</a> (1904)] </blockquote><br>

<blockquote>Nowadays there's no longer any disgrace in it; hypocrisy is a fashionable vice, and all fashionable vices pass for virtues.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://archive.org/details/molireaffectedm00pagegoog/page/n210/mode/2up?q=%22and+all+fashionable%22">Page</a> (1908)] </blockquote><br>

<blockquote>There's no shame in that any more nowadays: hypocrisy is a fashionable vice, and all fashionable vices pass for virtues. <br>
[tr. <a href="https://www.google.com/books/edition/Tartuffe_and_Other_Plays/Gxx0BQAAQBAJ?gbpv=1&bsq=%22there%27s%20no%20shame%20in%20that%20any%22">Frame</a> (1967)]</blockquote><br>
						</span>
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		<title>Martin, Judith -- &#8220;Miss Manners,&#8221; syndicated column (1981-04-11)</title>
		<link>https://wist.info/martin-judith/80241/</link>
		<comments>https://wist.info/martin-judith/80241/#respond</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 17 Nov 2025 16:25:36 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Dave</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Martin, Judith]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[consummation]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[culture]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[custom]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[etiquette]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[flexibility]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[rules]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[social occasion]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[tradition]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[wedding]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[The only wedding custom with a pretense to long tradition and universality, that of public checking up on the consummation of the marriage, seems to have been dropped. Miss Manners can&#8217;t think why. On the idea that weddings have rigid and immutable rules, roles, and set pieces that must be adhered to. Collected in Miss [&#8230;]]]></description>
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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The only wedding custom with a pretense to long tradition and universality, that of public checking up on the consummation of the marriage, seems to have been dropped. Miss Manners can&#8217;t think why.</p>
<br><b>Judith Martin</b> (b. 1938) American author, journalist, etiquette expert [a.k.a. Miss Manners]<br>&#8220;Miss Manners,&#8221; syndicated column (1981-04-11) 
									<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(<a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/1981/04/12/a-marriage-made-in-central-casting/860b21a8-9f1c-42a6-8a51-21cca9c7b618/#:~:text=the%20only%20wedding%20custom%20with%20a%20pretense%20to%20long%20tradition%20and%20universality%2C%20that%20of%20public%20checking%20up%20on%20the%20consummation%20of%20the%20marriage%2C%20seems%20to%20have%20been%20dropped.%20Miss%20Manners%20can%27t%20think%20why." target="_blank">Source</a>)
										<br><br><span class="cite">
						

On the idea that weddings have rigid and immutable rules, roles, and set pieces that must be adhered to. <a href="https://archive.org/details/missmannersguide0000mart_o3i8/page/338/mode/2up?q=%22on+the+consummation%22">Collected</a> in <i>Miss Manners’ Guide to Excruciatingly Correct Behavior</i>, Part  5 "Marriage (for Beginners)," "Weddings" (1983).

						</span>
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                <!-- DCH Modify the title to give the category (quote author) at the beginning of it. -->
		<title>Montaigne, Michel de -- Essays, Book 1, ch. 30 (1.30), &#8220;Of Cannibals [Des Cannibales]&#8221; (1578) [tr. Screech (1987), 1.31]</title>
		<link>https://wist.info/montaigne-michel-de/79722/</link>
		<comments>https://wist.info/montaigne-michel-de/79722/#respond</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 15 Oct 2025 22:36:22 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Dave</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Montaigne, Michel de]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[barbarism]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[barbarity]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[bias]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[custom]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[familiarity]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[foreigners]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[jingoism]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[nationalism]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[prejudice]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[savagery]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[tradition]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[unfamiliarity]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[Every man calls barbarous anything he is not accustomed to. [Chacun appelle barbarie, ce qui n’est pas de son usage.] Some translators use the 1588 sequence of chapters, not the 1595, and so identify this as ch. 31. (Source (French)). Alternate translations: Men call that barbarisme which is not common to them. [tr. Florio (1603)] [&#8230;]]]></description>
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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Every man calls barbarous anything he is not accustomed to.</p>
<p><em>[Chacun appelle barbarie, ce qui n’est pas de son usage.]</em></p>
<br><b>Michel de Montaigne</b> (1533-1592) French essayist<br><i>Essays</i>, Book 1, ch. 30 (1.30), &#8220;Of Cannibals <i>[Des Cannibales]</i>&#8221; (1578) [tr. Screech (1987), 1.31] 
									<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(<a href="https://archive.org/details/the-complete-essays-montaigne-michel-de-1533-1592/page/231/mode/2up?q=%22calls+barbarous%22" target="_blank">Source</a>)
										<br><br><span class="cite">
						

Some translators use the 1588 sequence of chapters, not the 1595, and so identify this as ch. 31.<br><br>

(<a href="https://hyperessays.net/gournay/book/I/chapter/30/#:~:text=chacun%20appelle%20barbarie%2C%20ce%20qui%20n%E2%80%99est%20pas%20de%20son%20usage.">Source (French)</a>). Alternate translations:<br><br>

<blockquote>Men call that barbarisme which is not common to them.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://hyperessays.net/florio/book/I/chapter/30/#:~:text=men%20call%20that%20barbarisme%20which%20is%20not%20common%20to%20them.">Florio</a> (1603)]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote>Every one gives the title of barbarism to everything that is not in use in his own country.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://hyperessays.net/cotton/book/I/chapter/30/#:~:text=every%20one%20gives%20the%20title%20of%20barbarism%20to%20everything%20that%20is%20not%20in%20use%20in%20his%20own%20country.">Cotton</a> (1686)]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote>Everyone gives the denomination of barbarism to what is not the custom of his country.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://www.google.com/books/edition/Essays_of_Montaigne/TlnCcrHXoYgC?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=%22denomination%20of%20barbarism%22">Friswell</a> (1868)]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote>Every one gives the title of barbarism to everything that is not in use in his own country.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://hyperessays.net/essays/on-cannibals/#:~:text=every%20one%20gives%20the%20title%20of%20barbarism%20to%20everything%20that%20is%20not%20in%20use%20in%20his%20own%20country.">Cotton/Hazlitt</a> (1877)]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote>Every one calls "barbarism" whatever he is not accustomed to.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://www.google.com/books/edition/Book_I/Myt1MG8XBqYC?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=%22he%20is%20not%20accustomed%22">Ives</a> (1925), 1.31]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote>Each man calls barbarism whatever is not his own practice.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://archive.org/details/completeworksofm0000mont/page/152/mode/2up?q=%22each+man+calls+barbarism%22">Frame</a> (1943)]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote>Everyone calls barbarism what is not customary to him.<br>
[ed. <a href="https://www.oxfordreference.com/display/10.1093/acref/9780191843730.001.0001/q-oro-ed5-00007567#:~:text=Everyone%20calls%20barbarism%20what%20is%20not%20customary%20to%20him.">Rat</a> (1958), 1.31]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote>Everyone calls what he is not accustomed to barbarity.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://www.google.com/books/edition/Montaigne_Selected_Essays/zctgDwAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=%22everyone%20calls%20what%20he%20is%20not%22">Atkinson/Sices</a> (2012)]</blockquote><br>




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		<title>Addison, Joseph -- Essay (1712-08-02), The Spectator, No. 447</title>
		<link>https://wist.info/addison-joseph/79514/</link>
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		<pubDate>Mon, 06 Oct 2025 19:05:51 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Dave</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Addison, Joseph]]></category>
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		<description><![CDATA[Our delight in any particular study, art, or science rises and improves in proportion to the application which we bestow upon it. Thus, what was at first an exercise becomes at length an entertainment.]]></description>
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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Our delight in any particular study, art, or science rises and improves in proportion to the application which we bestow upon it. Thus, what was at first an exercise becomes at length an entertainment.</p>
<br><b>Joseph Addison</b> (1672-1719) English essayist, poet, statesman<br>Essay (1712-08-02), <i>The Spectator</i>, No. 447 
									<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(<a href="https://www.google.com/books/edition/The_Spectator/3rpDAQAAMAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=%22any%20particular%20study%22" target="_blank">Source</a>)
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		<title>Chamfort, Nicolas -- Products of Perfected Civilization [Produits de la Civilisation Perfectionée], Part 1 &#8220;Maxims and Thoughts [Maximes et Pensées],&#8221; ch.  1, ¶  21 (1795) [tr. Siniscalchi (1994)]</title>
		<link>https://wist.info/chamfort-nicolas/77098/</link>
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		<pubDate>Mon, 23 Jun 2025 16:44:52 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Dave</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Chamfort, Nicolas]]></category>
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		<description><![CDATA[Often an opinion, a custom, seems absurd when we are young, and advancing in life, we find the reason. Mustn&#8217;t we conclude that certain habits aren&#8217;t so ridiculous? One is lead to think sometimes that they were established by people who had read the entire book of life, and that they are judged by people [&#8230;]]]></description>
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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Often an opinion, a custom, seems absurd when we are young, and advancing in life, we find the reason. Mustn&#8217;t we conclude that certain habits aren&#8217;t so ridiculous? One is lead to think sometimes that they were established by people who had read the entire book of life, and that they are judged by people who, despite their <i>esprit,</i> have only read a few pages.</p>
<p><em>[Souvent une opinion, une coutume commence à paraître absurde dans la première jeunesse, et en avançant dans la vie, on en trouve la raison; elle paraît moins absurde. En faudrait-il conclure que de certaines coutumes sont moins ridicules? On serait porté à penser quelquefois qu’elles ont été établies par des gens qui avaient lu le livre entier de la vie, et qu’elles sont jugées par des gens qui, malgré leur esprit, n’en ont lu que quelques pages.]</em></p>
<br><b>Nicolas Chamfort</b> (1741-1794) French writer, epigrammist (b. Nicolas-Sébastien Roch)<br><i>Products of Perfected Civilization [Produits de la Civilisation Perfectionée]</i>, Part 1 &#8220;Maxims and Thoughts <i>[Maximes et Pensées],&#8221;</i> ch.  1, ¶  21 (1795) [tr. Siniscalchi (1994)] 
									<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(<a href="https://frenchphilosophes.weebly.com/chamfort.html#:~:text=people%20who%20had%20read%20the%20entire%20book%20of%20life%2C%20and%20that%20they%20are%20judged%20by%20people%20who%2C%20despite%20their%20esprit%2C%20have%20only%20read%20a%20few%20pages." target="_blank">Source</a>)
										<br><br><span class="cite">
						



Compare to <a href="/chamfort-nicolas/37732/">also Chamfort</a>.

(<a href="https://fr.wikisource.org/wiki/Maximes_et_Pens%C3%A9es_(Chamfort)/%C3%89dition_Bever/1#:~:text=Souvent%20une%20opinion,que%20quelques%20pages.">Source (French)</a>). Alternate translations:<br><br>

<blockquote>Often in early youth an opinion or custom seems absurd to us, which, with advancing years, we discover has some justification and so appears less absurd. Ought we to conclude from this that certain customs are not so ridiculous as others? One might sometimes be tempted to think that they were established by people who had read the book of life through, and that they are judged by those who, despite their intelligence, have only glanced at a few pages.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/69632/pg69632-images.html#:~:text=Often%20in%20early,a%20few%20pages.">Hutchinson</a> (1902)]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote>Often an opinion or custom seems absurd to us in early youth; but as we advance in life we see the reason for it, and it appears less fatuous. Must we conclude from this that certain customs actually are less absurd? One is sometimes led to suppose that they have been established by folk who have read the whole of the book of life, and that they are criticized by those who, in spite of their intelligence, have only read a page or two at best.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015014501913&view=2up&seq=28&q1=custom">Mathers</a> (1926)]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote>Often an opinion, a custom, seems absurd to begin with, when one is very young, and as one advances in life one learns the reason for it, and it seems less so. Must one conclude, then, that certain customs have become less ridiculous? At times one is drawn to the conclusion that they were established by persons who had read the book of life entire, and are judged by others who have read only a few pages.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://archive.org/details/productsofperfec0000seba_s1c9/page/114/mode/2up?q=%22often+an+opinion%22">Merwin</a> (1969)]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote>Often an opinion, or a custom, begins to seem absurd in one's early youth, and, as life advances, one finds the reason for it; it seems less absurd. Is one ot conclude that certain customs are less ridiculous? One would sometimes be inclined to think that they had been laid down by people who had read the entire book of life, and that they are judged by people who, in spite of their intellect, have only read a few pages of it.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://www.google.com/books/edition/Chamfort_Maxims/J9vwAAAAMAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=custom%20youth">Pearson</a> (1973)]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote>To the very young some opinions or customs seem absurd, but as you grow older you realize the reason behind them and they seem less absurd. Are we to conclude that certain customs aren't as ridiculous as they seem? There are times when you feel that they've been created by people who've read the book of life from cover to cover and that they're being judged by those who, however intelligent, have read only a few pages.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://www.google.com/books/edition/Chamfort/0K0aAQAAIAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=%22To%20the%20very%20young%20some%20opinions%22">Parmée</a> (2003), ¶ 20]</blockquote><br>
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		<title>Martin, Judith -- Star-Spangled Manners, Prologue (2003)</title>
		<link>https://wist.info/martin-judith/74259/</link>
		<comments>https://wist.info/martin-judith/74259/#respond</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 27 Jan 2025 17:33:14 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Dave</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Martin, Judith]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[change]]></category>
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		<description><![CDATA[That it is expedient to kill a king, rather than wait for his natural demise, is something a populace can come to accept, perhaps to relish. That the people&#8217;s own customs and costumes are to be radically changed by edict, rather than being allowed to evolve haphazardly and linger sentimentally beyond their time, is not. [&#8230;]]]></description>
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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>That it is expedient to kill a king, rather than wait for his natural demise, is something a populace can come to accept, perhaps to relish. That the people&#8217;s own customs and costumes are to be radically changed by edict, rather than being allowed to evolve haphazardly and linger sentimentally beyond their time, is not. Yet messing with the national etiquette is one of the great spoils of revolutionary success.</p>
<br><b>Judith Martin</b> (b. 1938) American author, journalist, etiquette expert [a.k.a. Miss Manners]<br><i>Star-Spangled Manners</i>, Prologue (2003) 
									<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(<a href="https://archive.org/details/starspangledmann00mart/page/10/mode/2up?q=%22expedient+to+kill%22&view=theater" target="_blank">Source</a>)
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		<title>Colton, Charles Caleb -- Lacon: Or, Many Things in Few Words, Vol. 1, § 547 (1820)</title>
		<link>https://wist.info/colton-charles-caleb/71849/</link>
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		<pubDate>Fri, 13 Sep 2024 15:09:08 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Dave</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Colton, Charles Caleb]]></category>
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		<description><![CDATA[Custom is the law of one description of fools, and fashion of another; but the two parties often clash; for precedent is the legislator of the first, and novelty of the last.]]></description>
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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Custom is the law of one description of fools, and fashion of another; but the two parties often clash; for precedent is the legislator of the first, and novelty of the last.</p>
<br><b>Charles Caleb "C. C." Colton</b> (1780-1832) English cleric, writer, aphorist<br><i>Lacon: Or, Many Things in Few Words</i>, Vol. 1, § 547 (1820) 
									<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(<a href="https://www.google.com/books/edition/Lacon_Or_Many_Things_in_Few_Words/PHMlAAAAMAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=%22custom%20is%20the%20law%22" target="_blank">Source</a>)
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		<title>Bierce, Ambrose -- &#8220;Idiot,&#8221; The Cynic&#8217;s Word Book (1906)</title>
		<link>https://wist.info/bierce-ambrose/71485/</link>
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		<pubDate>Tue, 20 Aug 2024 18:00:55 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Dave</dc:creator>
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		<description><![CDATA[IDIOT, n. A member of a large and powerful tribe whose influence in human affairs has always been dominant and controlling. The Idiot&#8217;s activity is not confined to any special field of thought or action, but &#8220;pervades and regulates the whole.&#8221; He has the last word in everything; his decision is unappealable. He sets the [&#8230;]]]></description>
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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>IDIOT, <i>n.</i> A member of a large and powerful tribe whose influence in human affairs has always been dominant and controlling. The Idiot&#8217;s activity is not confined to any special field of thought or action, but &#8220;pervades and regulates the whole.&#8221; He has the last word in everything; his decision is unappealable. He sets the fashions of opinion and taste, dictates the limitations of speech and circumscribes conduct with a dead-line.</p>
<br><b>Ambrose Bierce</b> (1842-1914?) American writer and journalist<br>&#8220;Idiot,&#8221; <i>The Cynic&#8217;s Word Book</i> (1906) 
									<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(<a href="https://www.gutenberg.org/files/43951/43951-h/43951-h.htm#link2H_4_0010:~:text=IDIOT%2C%20n.%20A,with%20a%20deadline." target="_blank">Source</a>)
										<br><br><span class="cite">
						

<a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_Devil%27s_Dictionary/I#:~:text=IDIOT%2C%20n,a%20dead%2Dline.">Included</a> in <i>The Devil's Dictionary</i> (1911). <a href="https://archive.org/details/unabridgeddevils00bier/page/366/mode/2up?q=%22Idiot+Idleness%22">Originally published</a> in the "Devil's Dictionary" column in the San Francisco <i>Wasp</i> (1885-08-29).



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		<title>Ebner-Eschenbach, Marie von -- Aphorisms [Aphorismen], No. 133 (1880) [tr. Wister (1883)]</title>
		<link>https://wist.info/von-ebner-eschenbach-marie/70877/</link>
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		<pubDate>Thu, 25 Jul 2024 13:51:40 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Dave</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Ebner-Eschenbach, Marie von]]></category>
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		<description><![CDATA[Morals refine manners, as manners refine morals. [Die Sittlichkeit verfeinert die Sitte, und die Sitte wiederum die Sittlichkeit.] (Source (German)). Alternate translation: Morality refines customs and customs in turn refine morality. [tr. Scrase/Mieder (1994)]]]></description>
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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Morals refine manners, as manners refine morals.</p>
<p><em>[Die Sittlichkeit verfeinert die Sitte, und die Sitte wiederum die Sittlichkeit.]</em></p>
<br><b>Marie von Ebner-Eschenbach</b> (1830-1916) Austrian writer<br><i>Aphorisms [Aphorismen]</i>, No. 133 (1880) [tr. Wister (1883)] 
									<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(<a href="https://www.google.com/books/edition/Aphorisms/pwEbAAAAYAAJ?gbpv=1&bsq=133" target="_blank">Source</a>)
										<br><br><span class="cite">
						

(<a href="https://www.google.com/books/edition/Aphorismen/TS81BwAAQBAJ?gbpv=1&bsq=%2233.%20Die%20Sittlichkeit%22">Source (German)</a>). Alternate translation:<br><br>

<blockquote>Morality refines customs and customs in turn refine morality.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://www.google.com/books/edition/Aphorisms/BeEnAAAAYAAJ?gbpv=1&bsq=%22morality%20refines%22">Scrase/Mieder</a> (1994)]</blockquote><br>




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		<title>Martin, Judith -- Common Courtesy, &#8220;On Etiquette as Language, Weapon, Custom, and Craft&#8221; (1985)</title>
		<link>https://wist.info/martin-judith/69653/</link>
		<comments>https://wist.info/martin-judith/69653/#respond</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 04 Jun 2024 15:07:18 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Dave</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Martin, Judith]]></category>
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		<description><![CDATA[One reason that the task of inventing manners is so difficult is that etiquette is folk custom, and people have emotional ties to the forms of their youth. That is why there is such hostility between generations in times of rapid change; their manners being different, each feels affronted by the other, taking even the [&#8230;]]]></description>
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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>One reason that the task of inventing manners is so difficult is that etiquette is folk custom, and people have emotional ties to the forms of their youth. That is why there is such hostility between generations in times of rapid change; their manners being different, each feels affronted by the other, taking even the most surface choices for challenges.</p>
<br><b>Judith Martin</b> (b. 1938) American author, journalist, etiquette expert [a.k.a. Miss Manners]<br><i>Common Courtesy</i>, &#8220;On Etiquette as Language, Weapon, Custom, and Craft&#8221; (1985) 
									<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(<a href="https://archive.org/details/commoncourtesyin00mart/mode/2up?q=%22task+of+inventing%22" target="_blank">Source</a>)
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		<title>Fuller, Thomas (1654) -- Gnomologia: Adages and Proverbs (compiler), # 3710 (1732)</title>
		<link>https://wist.info/fuller-thomas-1654/69357/</link>
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		<pubDate>Thu, 30 May 2024 14:25:50 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Dave</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Fuller, Thomas (1654)]]></category>
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		<description><![CDATA[Old Custom, without Truth, is but an old Errour.]]></description>
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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Old Custom, without Truth, is but an old Errour.</p>
<br><b>Thomas Fuller</b> (1654-1734) English physician, preacher, aphorist, writer<br><i>Gnomologia: Adages and Proverbs</i> (compiler), # 3710 (1732) 
									<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(<a href="https://www.google.com/books/edition/Gnomologia/3y8JAAAAQAAJ?gbpv=1&bsq=%22old%20custom%20without%22" target="_blank">Source</a>)
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		<title>Rogers, Will -- Article (1928-05-26), &#8220;Letter of a Self-Made Diplomat to His President,&#8221; Saturday Evening Post</title>
		<link>https://wist.info/rogers-will/68827/</link>
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		<pubDate>Wed, 24 Apr 2024 15:33:50 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Dave</dc:creator>
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		<description><![CDATA[What is Tradition? It&#8217;s the thing we laugh at the English for having, and we beat them practicing it. Collected in More Letters of a Self-Made Diplomat to His President (1928) [ed. Steven Gragert].]]></description>
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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>What is Tradition? It&#8217;s the thing we laugh at the English for having, and we beat them practicing it.</p>
<br><b>Will Rogers</b> (1879-1935) American humorist<br>Article (1928-05-26), &#8220;Letter of a Self-Made Diplomat to His President,&#8221; <i>Saturday Evening Post</i> 
									<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(<a href="https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=uc1.31175008192257&seq=185&q1=%22what+is+tradition%22" target="_blank">Source</a>)
										<br><br><span class="cite">
						

Collected in <a href="https://www.google.com/books/edition/More_Letters_of_a_Self_made_Diplomat/po0bAQAAIAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=%22what%20is%20tradition%22"><em>More Letters of a Self-Made Diplomat to His President</em></a> (1928) [ed. Steven Gragert].


						</span>
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		<title>Bierce, Ambrose -- &#8220;Beard,&#8221; The Cynic&#8217;s Word Book (1906)</title>
		<link>https://wist.info/bierce-ambrose/64620/</link>
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		<pubDate>Tue, 14 Nov 2023 16:53:47 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Dave</dc:creator>
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		<description><![CDATA[BEARD, n. The hair that is commonly cut off by those who justly execrate the absurd Chinese custom of shaving the head. Included in The Devil&#8217;s Dictionary (1911). Originally published in the &#8220;Devil&#8217;s Dictionary&#8221; column in the San Francisco Wasp (1881-04-30).]]></description>
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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>BEARD, <i>n.</i> The hair that is commonly cut off by those who justly execrate the absurd Chinese custom of shaving the head.</p>
<br><b>Ambrose Bierce</b> (1842-1914?) American writer and journalist<br>&#8220;Beard,&#8221; <i>The Cynic&#8217;s Word Book</i> (1906) 
									<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(<a href="https://www.gutenberg.org/files/43951/43951-h/43951-h.htm#link2H_4_0003:~:text=BEARD%2C%20n.%20The%20hair%20that%20is%20commonly%20cut%20off%20by%20those%20who%20justly%20execrate%20the%20absurd%20Chinese%20custom%20of%20shaving%20the%20head." target="_blank">Source</a>)
										<br><br><span class="cite">
						

<a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_Devil%27s_Dictionary/B#:~:text=BEARD%2C%20n.%20The%20hair%20that%20is%20commonly%20cut%20off%20by%20those%20who%20justly%20execrate%20the%20absurd%20Chinese%20custom%20of%20shaving%20the%20head.">Included</a> in <i>The Devil's Dictionary</i> (1911). <a href="https://archive.org/details/unabridgeddevils00bier/page/352/mode/2up?q=%22beard+beauty%22">Originally published</a> in the "Devil's Dictionary" column in the San Francisco <i>Wasp</i> (1881-04-30).						</span>
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		<title>Carlyle, Thomas -- Sartor Resartus, Book 3, ch.  8 (1834)</title>
		<link>https://wist.info/carlyle-thomas/63317/</link>
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		<pubDate>Fri, 22 Sep 2023 19:36:03 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Dave</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Carlyle, Thomas]]></category>
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		<description><![CDATA[Innumerable are the illusions and legerdemain-tricks of Custom: but of all these, perhaps the cleverest is her knack of persuading us that the Miraculous, by simple repetition, ceases to be Miraculous. Quoting Herr Teufelsdröckh. This chapter first appeared in Fraser&#8217;s Magazine for Town and Country, Vol. 10, No. 55 (1834-07).]]></description>
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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Innumerable are the illusions and legerdemain-tricks of Custom: but of all these, perhaps the cleverest is her knack of persuading us that the Miraculous, by simple repetition, ceases to be Miraculous.</p>
<br><b>Thomas Carlyle</b> (1795-1881) Scottish essayist and historian<br><i>Sartor Resartus</i>, Book 3, ch.  8 (1834) 
									<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(<a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_Works_of_Thomas_Carlyle/Volume_1/Sartor_Resartus,_Book_III,_Chapter_VIII#:~:text=Innumerable%20are%20the%20illusions%20and%20legerdemain%2Dtricks%20of%20Custom%3A%20but%20of%20all%20these%2C%20perhaps%20the%20cleverest%20is%20her%20knack%20of%20persuading%20us%20that%20the%20Miraculous%2C%20by%20simple%20repetition%2C%20ceases%20to%20be%20Miraculous." target="_blank">Source</a>)
										<br><br><span class="cite">
						

Quoting Herr Teufelsdröckh. <br><br>

This chapter <a href="https://archive.org/details/sim_frasers-magazine_1834-07_10_55/page/84/mode/2up?q=%22+Innumerable+are+the+illusions%22">first appeared</a> in <i>Fraser's Magazine for Town and Country</i>, Vol. 10, No. 55 (1834-07).						</span>
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		<title>Carlyle, Thomas -- Sartor Resartus, Book 3, ch.  8 (1834)</title>
		<link>https://wist.info/carlyle-thomas/63187/</link>
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		<pubDate>Thu, 14 Sep 2023 21:45:45 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Dave</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Carlyle, Thomas]]></category>
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		<description><![CDATA[Philosophy complains that Custom has hoodwinked us, from the first; that we do everything by Custom, even Believe by it; that our very Axioms, let us boast of Free-thinking as we may, are oftenest simply such Beliefs as we have never heard questioned. Nay, what is Philosophy throughout but a continual battle against Custom; an [&#8230;]]]></description>
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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Philosophy complains that Custom has hoodwinked us, from the first; that we do everything by Custom, even Believe by it; that our very Axioms, let us boast of Free-thinking as we may, are oftenest simply such Beliefs as we have never heard questioned. Nay, what is Philosophy throughout but a continual battle against Custom; an ever-renewed effort to <i>transcend</i> the sphere of blind Custom, and so become Transcendental?</p>
<br><b>Thomas Carlyle</b> (1795-1881) Scottish essayist and historian<br><i>Sartor Resartus</i>, Book 3, ch.  8 (1834) 
									<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(<a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_Works_of_Thomas_Carlyle/Volume_1/Sartor_Resartus,_Book_III,_Chapter_VIII#:~:text=Philosophy%20complains%20that,so%20become%20Transcendental%3F" target="_blank">Source</a>)
										<br><br><span class="cite">
						

Quoting Herr Teufelsdröckh. <br><br>

This chapter <a href="https://archive.org/details/sim_frasers-magazine_1834-07_10_55/page/84/mode/2up?q=%22Custom+has+hoodwiuked+us%22">first appeared</a> in <i>Fraser's Magazine for Town and Country</i>, Vol. 10, No. 55 (1834-07).						</span>
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		<title>Virgil -- Georgics [Georgica], Book 2, l. 272ff (2.272) (29 BC) [tr. Greenough (1900)]</title>
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		<pubDate>Wed, 02 Aug 2023 23:15:43 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Dave</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Virgil]]></category>
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		<description><![CDATA[So strong is custom formed in early years. [Adeo in teneris consuescere multum est.] Discussing how, when transplanting vines, wise farmers try to match the soil and orientation of the plant toward the sun to the conditions where they first sprouted. The same phrase is often extended (when extracted like this) to the lasting effects [&#8230;]]]></description>
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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>So strong is custom formed in early years.</p>
<p><em>[Adeo in teneris consuescere multum est.]</em></p>
<br><b>Virgil</b> (70-19 BC) Roman poet [b. Publius Vergilius Maro; also Vergil]<br><i>Georgics [Georgica]</i>, Book 2, l. 272ff (2.272) (29 BC) [tr. Greenough (1900)] 
									<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(<a href="http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.02.0058%3Abook%3D2%3Acard%3D259#:~:text=So%20strong%20is%20custom%20formed%20in%20early%20years." target="_blank">Source</a>)
										<br><br><span class="cite">
						

Discussing how, when transplanting vines, wise farmers try to match the soil and orientation of the plant toward the sun to the conditions where they first sprouted. The same phrase is often extended (when extracted like this) to the lasting effects of early training on children. See also <a href="https://wist.info/pope-alexander/9073/">Pope</a>.<br><br>

(<a href="http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.02.0059%3Abook%3D2%3Acard%3D259#:~:text=adeo%20in%20teneris%20consuescere%20multum%20est.">Source (Latin)</a>). Alternate translations:<br><br>

<blockquote>Such strength hath custome in each tender soule.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://quod.lib.umich.edu/e/eebo2/A65106.0001.001/1:5.2?rgn=div2;view=fulltext#:~:text=Such%20strength%20hath%20custome%20in%20each%20tender%20soule.">Ogilby</a> (1649)]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote>So strong is Custom; such Effects can Use<br>
In tender Souls of pliant Plants produce.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_Works_of_Virgil_(Dryden)/Georgics_(Dryden)/Book_2#:~:text=So%20strong%20is%20Custom%3B%20such%20Effects%20can%20Use%0AIn%20tender%20Souls%20of%20pliant%20Plants%20produce.">Dryden</a> (1709), ll. 366-367]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote>So strong is habit's force in tender age.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_Georgics_(Nevile)/Book_2#:~:text=So%20strong%20is%20habit%27s%20force%20in%20tender%20age.">Nevile</a> (1767), l. 302]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote>So custom strongly sways the youthful year.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://archive.org/details/georgicsofvirgil00virg/page/n61/mode/2up?q=%22strongly+sways%22">Sotheby</a> (1800)]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote>Of such avail is custom in tender years.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://www.google.com/books/edition/Works_of_Virgil/GuFCAQAAMAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=%22of%20such%20avail%22">Davidson</a> (1854)]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote>So custom lords it o'er the youthful wood.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://www.google.com/books/edition/The_Georgics_of_Virgil/q3MQAQAAIAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=%22custom%20lords%22">Blackmore</a> (1871), l. 324]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote>Such is the force of habits formed in early years.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://www.google.com/books/edition/A_Literal_Translation_of_the_Eclogues_an/ZghPAQAAIAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=%22habits%20formed%22">Wilkins</a> (1873)]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote>So strong is custom formed in early years.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Georgics_(Rhoades)/II#:~:text=So%20strong%20is%20custom%20formed%20in%20early%20years.">Rhoades</a> (1881)]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote>So powerful is habit in things of tender age.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://archive.org/details/bucolicsgeorgics0000aham/page/84/mode/2up?q=%22habit+in+things%22">Bryce</a> (1897)]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote>So strong is the habit of infancy.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Eclogues_and_Georgics_(Mackail_1910)/Georgics_2#:~:text=so%20strong%20is%20the%20habit%20of%20infancy.">Mackail</a> (1899)]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote>So potent is early habit's control.<br>
[tr. <a href="http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.02.0059%3Abook%3D2%3Acard%3D259#:~:text=adeo%20in%20teneris%20consuescere%20multum%20est.">Way</a> (1912)]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab">So loth to change <br>
Are a young creature's ways.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://archive.org/details/georgicsandeclo01palmgoog/page/n64/mode/2up?q=%22loth+to+change%22">Williams</a> (1915)]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote>So strong is habit in tender years.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://www.theoi.com/Text/VirgilGeorgics1.html#:~:text=so%20strong%20is%20habit%20in%20tender%20years.">Fairclough</a> (Loeb) (1916)]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote>So important are habits developed in early days.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://archive.org/details/georgicsofvirgil0000cday/page/30/mode/2up?q=%22habits+developed%22">Day-Lewis</a> (1940)]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote>For habit dominates the early stage.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://archive.org/details/virgilsgeorgics0000unse/page/40/mode/2up?q=%22habit+dominates%22">Bovie</a> (1956)]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote>So much effect has habit on the young.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://archive.org/details/georgics00virg/page/84/mode/2up?q=%22habit+on+the+young%22">Wilkinson</a> (1982)]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote>We grow accustomed to so much in tender years.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://www.poetryintranslation.com/PITBR/Latin/VirgilGeorgicsII.php#anchor_Toc533843192:~:text=we%20grow%20accustomed%20to%20so%20much%20in%20tender%20years.">Kline</a> (2001)]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote>How powerful the innate habits of tender plants!<br>
[tr. <a href="https://archive.org/details/virgilsgeorgicsn0000virg_i3n1/page/30/mode/2up?q=habits">Lembke</a> (2004)]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote>So powerfully runs habit in the tender stems.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://www.google.com/books/edition/The_Georgics_A_Poem_of_the_Land/nOXqPLD9Xy4C?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=%22runs%20habit%22">Johnson</a> (2009)]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote>Such is the need, when young, of what's familiar.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://www.google.com/books/edition/The_Georgics_of_Virgil/HTbFCgAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=%22such%20is%20the%20need%22">Ferry</a> (2015)]</blockquote><br>						</span>
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		<title>Della Casa, Giovanni -- Galateo: Or, A Treatise on Politeness and Delicacy of Manners [Il Galateo overo de’ costumi], ch. 25 (1558) [tr. Eisnbichler/Bartlett (1986)]</title>
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		<pubDate>Wed, 09 Nov 2022 17:39:39 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Dave</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Della Casa, Giovanni]]></category>
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		<description><![CDATA[It is therefore not true that against nature there is neither rein nor master. On the contrary, there are two of them: one is good manners, the other reason. [Non è adunque vero che incontro alla natura non abbia freno né maestro: anzi ve ne ha due, ché l’uno è il costume e l’altro è [&#8230;]]]></description>
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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>It is therefore not true that against nature there is neither rein nor master. On the contrary, there are two of them: one is good manners, the other reason.</p>
<p><em>[Non è adunque vero che incontro alla natura non abbia freno né maestro: anzi ve ne ha due, ché l’uno è il costume e l’altro è la ragione.]</em></p>
<br><b>Giovanni della Casa</b> (1503-1556) Florentine poet, author, diplomat, bishop<br><i>Galateo: Or, A Treatise on Politeness and Delicacy of Manners [Il Galateo overo de’ costumi]</i>, ch. 25 (1558) [tr. Eisnbichler/Bartlett (1986)] 
									<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(<a href="https://archive.org/details/galateo0000dell/page/50/mode/2up?q=%22rein+nor+master%22" target="_blank">Source</a>)
										<br><br><span class="cite">
						

(<a href="https://it.wikisource.org/wiki/Galateo_overo_de%27_costumi/XXV#:~:text=Non%20%C3%A8%20adunque%20vero%20che%20incontro%20alla%20natura%20non%20abbia%20freno%20n%C3%A9%20maestro%3A%20anzi%20ve%20ne%20ha%20due%2C%20ch%C3%A9%20l%E2%80%99uno%20%C3%A8%20il%20costume%20e%20l%E2%80%99altro%20%C3%A8%20la%20ragione">Source (Italian)</a>). Alternate translations:<br><br>

<blockquote>It is not then true, that there is not a bridell and Master for Nature, Nay, she is guided and ruled by twaine: Custome I meane, and Reason.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://archive.org/details/arenaissancecou00spingoog/page/n128/mode/2up?q=bridell">Peterson</a> (1576)] </blockquote><br>

<blockquote>Which being so, it is not true, that we are not furnished with reins, or a proper guide against the impetuosity of our nature: for we have two; one of which is Experience, and the other right Reason.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://www.google.com/books/edition/Galateo_or_a_Treatise_on_politeness_and/gzdcAAAAcAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=%22furnished%20with%20reins%22">Graves</a> (1774)] </blockquote><br>
						</span>
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		<title>Della Casa, Giovanni -- Galateo: Or, A Treatise on Politeness and Delicacy of Manners [Il Galateo overo de’ costumi], ch. 28 (1558) [tr. Eisnbichler/Bartlett (1986)]</title>
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		<pubDate>Wed, 26 Oct 2022 17:28:16 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Dave</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Della Casa, Giovanni]]></category>
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		<description><![CDATA[Your clothes should be according to the custom of those like you in age and condition. We do not have the power to change customs as we see fit, for it is time that creates them and likewise it is time that destroys them. [I tuoi panni convien che siano secondo il costume degli altri [&#8230;]]]></description>
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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Your clothes should be according to the custom of those like you in age and condition. We do not have the power to change customs as we see fit, for it is time that creates them and likewise it is time that destroys them.</p>
<p><em>[I tuoi panni convien che siano secondo il costume degli altri di tuo tempo o di tua conditione, per le cagioni che io ho dette di sopra; ché noi non abbiamo potere di mutar le usanze a nostro senno, ma il tempo le crea, e consumale altresì il tempo.]</em></p>
<br><b>Giovanni della Casa</b> (1503-1556) Florentine poet, author, diplomat, bishop<br><i>Galateo: Or, A Treatise on Politeness and Delicacy of Manners [Il Galateo overo de’ costumi]</i>, ch. 28 (1558) [tr. Eisnbichler/Bartlett (1986)] 
									<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(<a href="https://archive.org/details/galateo0000dell/page/54/mode/2up?q=%22change+customs%22" target="_blank">Source</a>)
										<br><br><span class="cite">
						

(<a href="https://it.wikisource.org/wiki/Galateo_overo_de%27_costumi/XXVIII#:~:text=I%20tuoi%20panni%20convien%20che%20siano%20secondo%20il%20costume%20degli%20altri%20di%20tuo%20tempo%20o%20di%20tua%20conditione%2C%20per%20le%20cagioni%20che%20io%20ho%20dette%20di%20sopra%3B%20ch%C3%A9%20noi%20non%20abbiamo%20potere%20di%20mutar%20le%20usanze%20a%20nostro%20senno%2C%20ma%20il%20tempo%20le%20crea%2C%20e%20consumale%20altres%C3%AC%20il%20tempo.">Source (Italian)</a>). Alternate translations:<br><br>

<blockquote>Your apparel must be shaped according to the fashion of the time, and your calling [...] For we must not take upon us to alter customs at our will. For time doth beget them and time doth also wear them out.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://archive.org/details/arenaissancecou00spingoog/page/n134/mode/2up?q=%22fashion+of+the+time%22">Peterson</a> (1576)]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote>Let your dress [...] be conformable to the customs of the age you live in, and suitable to your condition; for it is not in our power to alter the general fashions at our pleasure; which, as they are produced, so they are swallowed up by time.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://www.google.com/books/edition/Galateo_or_a_Treatise_on_politeness_and/gzdcAAAAcAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=%22power%20to%20alter%22">Graves</a> (1774)] </blockquote><br>
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		<title>Gracián, Baltasar -- The Art of Worldly Wisdom [Oráculo Manual y Arte de Prudencia], § 209 (1647) [tr. Maurer (1992)]</title>
		<link>https://wist.info/gracian-y-morales-baltasar/53683/</link>
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		<pubDate>Tue, 21 Jun 2022 16:35:17 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Dave</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Gracián, Baltasar]]></category>
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		<description><![CDATA[Free yourself from common foolishness. This requires a special sort of sanity. Common foolishness is authorized by custom, and some people who resisted the ignorance of individuals were unable to resist that of the multitude. [Librarse de las necedades comunes. Es cordura bien especial. Están muy validas por lo introducido, y algunos, que no se [&#8230;]]]></description>
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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Free yourself from common foolishness. This requires a special sort of sanity. Common foolishness is authorized by custom, and some people who resisted the ignorance of individuals were unable to resist that of the multitude.</p>
<p><em>[Librarse de las necedades comunes. Es cordura bien especial. Están muy validas por lo introducido, y algunos, que no se rindieron a la ignorancia particular, no supieron escaparse de la común.] </em></p>
<br><b>Baltasar Gracián y Morales</b> (1601-1658) Spanish Jesuit priest, writer, philosopher<br><i>The Art of Worldly Wisdom [Oráculo Manual y Arte de Prudencia]</i>, § 209 (1647) [tr. Maurer (1992)] 
									<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(<a href="https://www.google.com/books/edition/The_Art_of_Worldly_Wisdom/UU2KDQAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&printsec=frontcover&bsq=%22free%20yourself%20from%20common%20foolishness%22" target="_blank">Source</a>)
										<br><br><span class="cite">
						

(<a href="https://es.wikisource.org/wiki/Or%C3%A1culo_manual_y_arte_de_la_prudencia:_Aforismos_(201-225)#:~:text=Librarse%20de%20las%20necedades%20comunes.%20Es%20cordura%20bien%20especial.%20Est%C3%A1n%20muy%20validas%20por%20lo%20introducido%2C%20y%20algunos%2C%20que%20no%20se%20rindieron%20a%20la%20ignorancia%20particular%2C%20no%20supieron%20escaparse%20de%20la%20com%C3%BAn.">Source (Spanish)</a>). Alternate translations: <br><br>

<blockquote>Not to imitate the folly of others is an effect of rare wisedome; for whatever is introduced by example and custome, is of great force. Some who have guarded against particular ignorance, have not been able to avoid the general.<br>
[Flesher ed. (1685)]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote>Keep yourself free from common Follies. This is a special stroke of policy. They are of special power because they are general, so that many who would not be led away by any individual folly cannot escape the universal failing.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://www.google.com/books/edition/The_Art_of_Worldly_Wisdom/ltJMAAAAYAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&pg=PA126&printsec=frontcover&bsq=ccix">Jacobs</a> (1892)]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote>To keep free from the popular inanities, marks especially good sense. They are highly esteemed because so well introduced, and many a man who could not be trapped by some particular stupidity could not except the general.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://archive.org/details/artofworldlywisd00grac/page/122/mode/2up">Fischer</a> (1937)]</blockquote><br>
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		<title>Descartes, René -- Discourse on Method [Discours de la méthode], Part 1 (1637) [tr. Veitch (1850)]</title>
		<link>https://wist.info/descartes-rene/51638/</link>
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		<pubDate>Mon, 21 Feb 2022 21:54:56 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Dave</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Descartes, René]]></category>
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		<description><![CDATA[It is useful to know something of the manners of different nations, that we may be enabled to form a more correct judgment regarding our own, and be prevented from thinking that everything contrary to our customs is ridiculous and irrational, &#8212; a conclusion usually come to by those whose experience has been limited to [&#8230;]]]></description>
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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>It is useful to know something of the manners of different nations, that we may be enabled to form a more correct judgment regarding our own, and be prevented from thinking that everything contrary to our customs is ridiculous and irrational, &#8212; a conclusion usually come to by those whose experience has been limited to their own country.</p>
<p><em>[Il est bon de savoir quelque chose des moeurs de divers peuples, afin de juger des nôtres plus sainement, et que nous ne pensions pas que tout ce qui est contre nos modes soit ridicule et contre raison, ainsi qu&#8217;ont coutume de faire ceux qui n&#8217;ont rien vu.]</em></p>
<br><b>René Descartes</b> (1596-1650) French philosopher, mathematician<br><i>Discourse on Method [Discours de la méthode]</i>, Part 1 (1637) [tr. Veitch (1850)] 
									<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(<a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Discourse_on_the_Method/Part_1#:~:text=It%20is%20useful%20to%20know,limited%20to%20their%20own%20country." target="_blank">Source</a>)
										<br><br><span class="cite">
						

(<a href="https://gutenberg.org/files/13846/13846-h/13846-h.htm#:~:text=Il%20est%20bon%20de%20savoir%20quelque%20chose%20des%20moeurs%20de%20divers%20peuples%2C%20afin%20de%20juger%20des%20n%C3%B4tres%20plus%20sainement%2C%20et%20que%20nous%20ne%20pensions%20pas%20que%20tout%20ce%20qui%20est%20contre%20nos%20modes%20soit%20ridicule%20et%20contre%20raison%2C%20ainsi%20qu%27ont%20coutume%20de%20faire%20ceux%20qui%20n%27ont%20rien%20vu.">Source (French)</a>). Alternate translations:<br><br>

<blockquote>It's good to know something of the manners of severall Nations, that we may not think that all things against our Mode are ridiculous or unreasonable, as those are wont to do, who have seen Nothing.<br>
[<a href="https://www.gutenberg.org/files/25830/25830-h/25830-h.htm#:~:text=Its%20good%20to%20know%20something%20of%20the%20manners%20of%20severall%20Nations%2C%20that%20we%20may%20not%20think%20that%20all%20things%20against%20our%20Mode%20are%20ridiculous%20or%20unreasonable%2C%20as%20those%20are%20wont%20to%20do%2C%20who%20have%20seen%20Nothing.">Newcombe ed.</a> (1649)] </blockquote><br>

<blockquote>It is good to know something of the customs of different peoples in order to judge more sanely of our own, and not to think that everything of a fashion not ours is absurd and contrary to reason, as do those who have seen nothing.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://www.google.com/books/edition/Discourse_on_Method_and_Meditations/JSXZHxXwRSAC?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=%22customs%20of%20different%20peoples%22">Haldane & Ross</a> (1911)]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote>It is good to know something of the customs of various peoples, so that we may judge our own more soundly and not think that everything contrary to our own ways is ridiculous and irrational, as those who have seen nothing of the world ordinarily do.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://www.google.com/books/edition/Descartes_Selected_Philosophical_Writing/5bw2AAAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=%22seen%20nothing%20of%20the%20world%22&pg=PT23&printsec=frontcover">Cottingham, Stoothoff</a> (1985)]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote>It is well to know something of the manner of various peoples, in order more sanely to judge our own, and that we do not think that everything against our modes is ridiculous, and against reason, as those who have seen nothing are accustomed to think.</blockquote><br>						</span>
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		<title>Martin, Judith -- In &#8220;Polite Company,&#8221; interview by Hara Estroff Marano, Psychology Today (1998-03)</title>
		<link>https://wist.info/martin-judith/51380/</link>
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		<pubDate>Fri, 11 Feb 2022 18:09:36 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Dave</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Martin, Judith]]></category>
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		<description><![CDATA[The other part of it is [the belief that] if we just totally opened our souls to one another, we would love one another and get along. This trivializes the fact that people have deep and legitimately-held differences. People think, mistakenly, that etiquette means you have to suppress your differences. On the contrary, etiquette is [&#8230;]]]></description>
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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The other part of it is [the belief that] if we just totally opened our souls to one another, we would love one another and get along. This trivializes the fact that people have deep and legitimately-held differences. People think, mistakenly, that etiquette means you have to suppress your differences. On the contrary, etiquette is what enables you to deal with them; it gives you a set of rules. On the floor of the Congress, you don&#8217;t say, &#8220;You&#8217;re a jerk and a crook&#8221;; you say, &#8220;I&#8217;m afraid the distinguished gentleman is mistaken about so and so.&#8221; Those are the things that enable you to settle your differences, to bring them out in the open. Everything else just starts battles.</p>
<br><b>Judith Martin</b> (b. 1938) American author, journalist, etiquette expert [a.k.a. Miss Manners]<br>In &#8220;Polite Company,&#8221; interview by Hara Estroff Marano, <i>Psychology Today</i> (1998-03) 
									<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(<a href="https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/articles/199803/polite-company#:~:text=The%20other%20part,just%20starts%20battles." target="_blank">Source</a>)
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		<title>Gracián, Baltasar -- The Art of Worldly Wisdom [Oráculo Manual y Arte de Prudencia], § 120 (1647) [tr. Maurer (1992)]</title>
		<link>https://wist.info/gracian-y-morales-baltasar/51369/</link>
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		<pubDate>Fri, 11 Feb 2022 17:47:52 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Dave</dc:creator>
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		<description><![CDATA[Count heads. That is what matters in all things. When you must, follow the common taste, and make your way toward eminence. The wise should adapt themselves to the present, even when the past seems more attractive, both in the clothes of the soul and of the body. This rule for living holds for everything [&#8230;]]]></description>
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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Count heads. That is what matters in all things. When you must, follow the common taste, and make your way toward eminence. The wise should adapt themselves to the present, even when the past seems more attractive, both in the clothes of the soul and of the body. This rule for living holds for everything but goodness, for one must always practice virtue.</p>
<p><em>[El gusto de las cabeças haze voto en cada orden de cosas. Ésse se ha de seguir por entonces, y adelantar a eminencia. Acomódese el cuerdo a lo presente, aunque le parezca mejor lo pasado, así en los arreos del alma como del cuerpo. Sólo en la bondad no vale esta regla de vivir, que siempre se ha de practicar la virtud.]</em></p>
<br><b>Baltasar Gracián y Morales</b> (1601-1658) Spanish Jesuit priest, writer, philosopher<br><i>The Art of Worldly Wisdom [Oráculo Manual y Arte de Prudencia]</i>, § 120 (1647) [tr. Maurer (1992)] 
									<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(<a href="https://community.fortunecity.ws/roswell/vortex/401/library/aoww/aoww05.htm#120:~:text=Count%20heads.%20That,always%20practice%20virtue.
" target="_blank">Source</a>)
										<br><br><span class="cite">
						

(<a href="https://es.wikisource.org/wiki/Or%C3%A1culo_manual_y_arte_de_prudencia/Aforismos_(101-125)#:~:text=El%20gusto%20de,practicar%20la%20virtud.">Source (Spanish)</a>). Alternate translations:<br><br>

<blockquote>Let a prudent man accommodate himself to the present, whether as to body, or mind, though the past may even seem better unto him. In manners onely that rule is not to be observed, seeing vertue is at all times to be practised.<br>
[<a href="https://quod.lib.umich.edu/e/eebo/A41733.0001.001/1:4.120?rgn=div2;view=fulltext#:~:text=Let%20a%20prudent%20man%20accommodate%20himself%20to%20the%20present%2C%20whether%20as%20to%20body%2C%20or%20mind%2C%20though%20the%20past%20may%20even%20seem%20better%20unto%20him.%20In%20manners%20onely%20that%20rule%20is%20not%20to%20be%20observed%2C%20seeing%20vertue%20is%20at%20all%20times%20to%20be%20practised.">Flesher</a> ed. (1685)]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote>In everything the taste of the many carries the votes; for the time being one must follow it in the hope of leading it to higher things. In the adornment of the body as of the mind adapt yourself to the present, even though the past appear better. But this rule does not apply to kindness, for goodness is for all time.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://sacred-texts.com/eso/aww/aww12.htm#:~:text=In%20everything%20the,for%20all%20time.">Jacobs</a> (1892)]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote>The choice of the many carries the vote in every field. For the time being, therefore, it must be bowed to, in order to bring it to higher level: the man of wisdom accommodates himself to the present, even though the past seems better, alike in the dress of his spirit, as in the dress of his body. Only in the matter of being decent does this rule of life not apply, for virtue should be practiced eternally.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://archive.org/details/artofworldlywisd00grac/page/68/mode/2up?view=theater&q=%22the+choice+of+the+many%22">Fischer</a> (1937)]</blockquote><br>						</span>
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		<title>Descartes, René -- Discourse on Method [Discours de la méthode], Part 2 (1637) [tr. Veitch (1901)]</title>
		<link>https://wist.info/descartes-rene/50766/</link>
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		<pubDate>Tue, 11 Jan 2022 16:08:01 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Dave</dc:creator>
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		<description><![CDATA[In the course of my travels I remarked that all those whose opinions are decidedly repugnant to ours are not in that account barbarians and savages, but on the contrary that many of these nations make an equally good, if not better, use of their reason than we do. I took into account also the [&#8230;]]]></description>
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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>In the course of my travels I remarked that all those whose opinions are decidedly repugnant to ours are not in that account barbarians and savages, but on the contrary that many of these nations make an equally good, if not better, use of their reason than we do. I took into account also the very different character which a person brought up from infancy in France or Germany exhibits, from that which, with the same mind originally, this individual would have possessed had he lived always among the Chinese or with savages, and the circumstance that in dress itself the fashion which pleased us ten years ago, and which may again, perhaps, be received into favor before ten years have gone, appears to us at this moment extravagant and ridiculous. I was thus led to infer that the ground of our opinions is far more custom and example than any certain knowledge.</p>
<p><em>[Et depuis, en voyageant, ayant reconnu que tous ceux qui ont des sentiments fort contraires aux nôtres ne sont pas pour cela barbares ni sauvages, mais que plusieurs usent autant ou plus que nous de raison; et ayant considéré combien un même homme, avec son même esprit, étant nourri dès son enfance entre des Français ou des Allemands, devient différent de ce qu&#8217;il seroit s&#8217;il avoit toujours vécu entre des Chinois ou des cannibales, et comment, jusques aux modes de nos habits, la même chose qui nous a plu il y a dix ans, et qui nous plaira peut-être encore avant dix ans, nous semble maintenant extravagante et ridicule; en sorte que c&#8217;est bien plus la coutume et l&#8217;exemple qui nous persuade, qu&#8217;aucune connaissance certaine.]</em></p>
<br><b>René Descartes</b> (1596-1650) French philosopher, mathematician<br><i>Discourse on Method [Discours de la méthode]</i>, Part 2 (1637) [tr. Veitch (1901)] 
									<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(<a href="https://www.gutenberg.org/files/59/59-h/59-h.htm#:~:text=in%20the%20course,any%20certain%20knowledge" target="_blank">Source</a>)
										<br><br><span class="cite">
						

(<a href="https://www.gutenberg.org/files/13846/13846-h/13846-h.htm#:~:text=et%20depuis%2C%20en,qu%27aucune%20connoissance%20certaine">Source (French)</a>). Alternate translations:<br><br>



<blockquote>And having since observ’d in my travails, That all those whose opinions are contrary to ours, are not therefore barbarous or savage, but that many use as much or more reason then we; and having consider’d how much one Man with his own understanding, bred up from his childhood among the French or the Dutch, becomes different from what he would be, had he alwayes liv’d amongst the Chineses, or the Cannibals: And how even in the fashion of our Clothes, the same thing which pleas’d ten years since, and which perhaps wil please ten years hence, seems now to us ridiculous and extravagant. So that it’s much more Custome and Example which perswades us, then any assured knowledg.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://www.gutenberg.org/files/25830/25830-h/25830-h.htm#:~:text=And%20having%20since,any%20assured%20knowledg">Newcombe</a> ed. (1649)]</blockquote><br>



<blockquote>I further recognized in the course of my travels that all those whose sentiments are very contrary to ours are yet not necessarily barbarians or savages, but may be possessed of reason in as great or even a greater degree than ourselves. I also considered how very different the self-same man, identical in mind and spirit, may have become, according as he is brought up from childhood amongst the French or Germans, or has passed his whole life amongst Chinese or cannibals. I likewise noticed how even in the fashions of one's clothing the same thing that pleased us ten years ago, and which will perhaps please us once again before ten years are passed, seems at the present time extravagant and ridiculous. I thus concluded that it is much more custom and example that persuade us than any certain knowledge.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://www.google.com/books/edition/Discourse_on_Method_and_Meditations/JSXZHxXwRSAC?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=%22course%20of%20my%20travels%22">Haldane & Ross</a> (1911)]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote>Since then I have recognized through my travels that those with views quite contrary to ours are not on that account barbarians or savages, but that many of them make use of reason as much or more than we do. I thought, too, how the same man, with the same mind, if brought up from infancy among the French or Germans, develops otherwise than he would if he had always lived among the Chinese or cannibals; and how, even in our fashions of dress, the very thing that pleased us ten years ago, and will perhaps  please us again ten years hence, now strikes us as extravagant and ridiculous. Thus it is custom and example that persuade us, rather than any certain knowledge.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://www.google.com/books/edition/Descartes_Selected_Philosophical_Writing/5bw2AAAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=descartes%20method%20%22copying%20the%20sceptics%22&pg=PT28&printsec=frontcover&bsq=%22travels%20that%20those%22">Cottingham, Stoothoff</a> (1985)]</blockquote><br>						</span>
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                <!-- DCH Modify the title to give the category (quote author) at the beginning of it. -->
		<title>Calvin, John -- The Institutes of the Christian Religion [Christianae Religionis Institutio], Preface, sec. 5 (1536) [tr. Battles (1960]</title>
		<link>https://wist.info/calvin-john/50346/</link>
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		<pubDate>Tue, 14 Dec 2021 18:48:54 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Dave</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Calvin, John]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[custom]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[majority]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[tradition]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[vice]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[Even in their appeal to &#8220;custom&#8221; they accomplish nothing. To constrain us to yield to custom would be to treat us most unjustly. Indeed, if men&#8217;s judgments were right, custom should have been sought of good men. But it often happens far otherwise: what is seen being done by the many soon obtains the force [&#8230;]]]></description>
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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Even in their appeal to &#8220;custom&#8221; they accomplish nothing. To constrain us to yield to custom would be to treat us most unjustly. Indeed, if men&#8217;s judgments were right, custom should have been sought of good men. But it often happens far otherwise: what is seen being done by the many soon obtains the force of custom; while the affairs of men have scarcely ever been so well regulated that the better things pleased the majority. Therefore, the private vices of the many have often caused public error, or rather a general agreement on vices, which these good men now want to make law.</p>
<br><b>John Calvin</b> (1509-1564) French theologian and reformer<br><i>The Institutes of the Christian Religion [Christianae Religionis Institutio]</i>, Preface, sec. 5 (1536) [tr. Battles (1960] 
									<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(<a href="https://www.google.com/books/edition/Calvin/0aB1BwAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=calvin%20%22institutes%20of%20the%20christian%20religion%22&pg=PA23&printsec=frontcover&bsq=%22yield%20to%20custom%22" target="_blank">Source</a>)
										<br><br><span class="cite">
						

Alternate translation: <br><br>

<blockquote>Then, again, it is to no purpose they call us to the bar of custom. To make every thing yield to custom would be to do the greatest injustice. Were the judgments of mankind correct, custom would be regulated by the good. But it is often far otherwise in point of fact; for, whatever the many are seen to do, forthwith obtains the force of custom. But human affairs have scarcely ever been so happily constituted as that the better course pleased the greater number. Hence the private vices of the multitude have generally resulted in public error, or rawther that common consent in vice which these worthy men would have to be law.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://www.google.com/books/edition/Institutes_of_the_Christian_Religion/RYHL_tt3EFoC?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=calvin%20%22institutes%20of%20the%20christian%20religion%22&pg=PR28&printsec=frontcover&bsq=%22yield%20to%20custom%22">Beveridge</a> (1845)]</blockquote>




 





						</span>
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		<title>Keller, Helen -- Optimism, Part 2 (1903)</title>
		<link>https://wist.info/keller-helen-adams/50017/</link>
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		<pubDate>Wed, 01 Dec 2021 20:25:03 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Dave</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Keller, Helen]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[custom]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[heresy]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[orthodoxy]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[time]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[The heresy of one age becomes the orthodoxy of the next. See Parker.]]></description>
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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The heresy of one age becomes the orthodoxy of the next.</p>
<br><b>Helen Keller</b> (1880-1968) American author and lecturer<br><i>Optimism</i>, Part 2 (1903) 
									<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(<a href="https://www.gutenberg.org/files/31622/31622-h/31622-h.htm#:~:text=The%20heresy%20of%20one%20age%20becomes%20the%20orthodoxy%20of%20the%20next." target="_blank">Source</a>)
										<br><br><span class="cite">
						

See <a href="https://wist.info/parker-theodore/12515/">Parker</a>.						</span>
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		<title>Frye, Northrop -- Anatomy of Criticism, &#8220;Mythical Phase: Symbol as Archetype&#8221; (1957)</title>
		<link>https://wist.info/frye-northrop/49716/</link>
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		<pubDate>Mon, 15 Nov 2021 18:14:16 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Dave</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Frye, Northrop]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[age]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[art]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[critic]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[cultured]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[custom]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[history]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[intelligentsia]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[pop culture]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[popular]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[popularity]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[time]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[vulgar]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[Popular art is normally decried as vulgar by the cultivated people of its time; then it loses favour with its original audience as a new generation grows up; then it begins to merge into the softer lighting of &#8220;quaint&#8221; and cultivated people become interested in it, and finally it begins to take on the archaic [&#8230;]]]></description>
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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Popular art is normally decried as vulgar by the cultivated people of its time; then it loses favour with its original audience as a new generation grows up; then it begins to merge into the softer lighting of &#8220;quaint&#8221; and cultivated people become interested in it, and finally it begins to take on the archaic dignity of the primitive.</p>
<br><b>Northrop Frye</b> (1912-1991) Canadian literary critic and literary theorist<br><i>Anatomy of Criticism,</i> &#8220;Mythical Phase: Symbol as Archetype&#8221; (1957) 
									<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(<a href="https://www.google.com/books/edition/Anatomy_of_Criticism/0Na_DwAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=frye%20%22audience%20as%20a%20new%20generation%22&pg=PA108&printsec=frontcover&bsq=frye%20%22audience%20as%20a%20new%20generation%22" target="_blank">Source</a>)
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		<title>Nietzsche, Friedrich -- The Dawn [Morgenröte], sec. 20 (1881) [Mencken (1907)]</title>
		<link>https://wist.info/nietzsche-friedrich/48825/</link>
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		<pubDate>Mon, 20 Sep 2021 16:11:23 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Dave</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Nietzsche, Friedrich]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[change]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[condemnation]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[custom]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[evil]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[good]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[history]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[law]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[perspective]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[progress]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[reform]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[revolution]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[Contumely always falls upon those who break through some custom or convention. Such men, in fact, are called criminals. Everyone who overthrows an existing law is, at the start, regarded as a wicket man. Long afterward, when it is found that this law was bad and so cannot be re-established, the epithet is changed. All [&#8230;]]]></description>
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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Contumely always falls upon those who break through some custom or convention. Such men, in fact, are called criminals. Everyone who overthrows an existing law is, at the start, regarded as a wicket man. Long afterward, when it is found that this law was bad and so cannot be re-established, the epithet is changed. All history treats almost exclusively of wicked men who, in the course of time, have come to be looked upon as good men. All progress is the result of successful crimes.</p>
<br><b>Friedrich Nietzsche</b> (1844-1900) German philosopher and poet<br><i>The Dawn [Morgenröte]</i>, sec. 20 (1881) [Mencken (1907)] 
									<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(<a href="https://www.google.com/books/edition/The_Philosophy_of_Friedrich_Nietzsche/THgRAAAAYAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=nietzsche%20%22exclusively%20of%20wicked%20men%22&pg=PR7&printsec=frontcover&bsq=%22exclusively%20of%20wicked%20men%22" target="_blank">Source</a>)
										<br><br><span class="cite">
						

Alternate translations:<br><br>

<blockquote>We have to make good a great deal of the contumely which has fallen on all those who, by their actions, have broken through the conventionality of some custom -- such people generally have been called criminals. Everybody who overthrew the existing moral law has hitherto, at least in the beginning, been considered a wicked man; but when afterwards, as sometimes happened, the old law could not be re-established and had to be abandoned, the epithet was gradually changed. History almost exclusively treats of such wicked men who, in the course of time, have been declared good men.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://www.google.com/books/edition/The_Dawn_of_Day/Ji0KAQAAMAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=nietzsche%20%22dawn%22&pg=PA18&printsec=frontcover&bsq=%22been%20considered%20a%20wicked%20man%22">Volz</a> (1903)]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote>One has to take back much of the defamation which people have cast upon all those who broke through the spell of a custom by means of a deed -- in general, they are called criminals. Whoever has overthrown an existing law of custom has hitherto always first been accounted a bad man: but when, as did happen the laws could not afterwards be reinstated and this fact was accepted, the predicate gradually changed -- history treats almost exclusively of these bad men who subsequently became good men!<br>
[tr. <a href="https://www.google.com/books/edition/Nietzsche_Daybreak/FBFNTQlSa-8C?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=nietzsche%20%22dawn%22&pg=PR39&printsec=frontcover&bsq=predicate%20gradually%20changed">Hollingdale</a> (1997)]</blockquote><br>						</span>
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		<title>Cicero, Marcus Tullius -- Tusculan Disputations [Tusculanae Disputationes], Book 2, ch. 17 (2.17) / sec. 40 (45 BC) [tr. Peabody (1886)]</title>
		<link>https://wist.info/cicero-marcus-tullius/47228/</link>
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		<pubDate>Mon, 07 Jun 2021 19:28:34 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Dave</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Cicero, Marcus Tullius]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[aged]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[athlete]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[custom]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[elderly]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[endurance]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[habit]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[hunger]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[old age]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[pain]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[privation]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[suffering]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[Old women will often bear the lack of food for two or three days. But take food from an athlete for a single day, he will implore the very Olympian Jupiter for whose honor he is in training, and will cry that he cannot bear it. Great is the power of habit. [Aniculae saepe inediam [&#8230;]]]></description>
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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Old women will often bear the lack of food for two or three days. But take food from an athlete for a single day, he will implore the very Olympian Jupiter for whose honor he is in training, and will cry that he cannot bear it. Great is the power of habit.</p>
<p><em>[Aniculae saepe inediam biduum aut triduum ferunt; subduc cibum unum diem athletae: Iovem, Iovem Olympium, eum ipsum, cui se exercebit, implorabit, ferre non posse clamabit.]</em></p>
<br><b>Marcus Tullius Cicero</b> (106-43 BC) Roman orator, statesman, philosopher<br><i>Tusculan Disputations [Tusculanae Disputationes]</i>, Book 2, ch. 17 (2.17) / sec. 40 (45 BC) [tr. Peabody (1886)] 
									<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(<a href="https://archive.org/stream/cicerostusculand00ciceiala/cicerostusculand00ciceiala_djvu.txt#:~:text=old%20women%20will%20often%20bear%20the%20lack%20of%20food%20for%20two%20or%20three%20days.%20but%20take%20food%20from%20an%20athlete%20for%20a%20single%20day%2C%20he%20will%20implore%20the%20very%20olympian%20jupiter%20for%20whose%20honor%20%5E%20he%20is%20in%20train-%20ing%2C%20and%20will%20cry%20that%20he%20cannot%20bear%20it.%5E%20great%20is%20the%20power%20of%20habit." target="_blank">Source</a>)
										<br><br><span class="cite">
						

<a href="http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/morph?l=biduum&la=la&can=biduum0&prior=inediam">Original Latin</a>. Alternate translations:<br><br>

<blockquote>Weak old Women oftentimes go without eating two or three days together; do but with-hold Meat one day from a Wrestler, he will cry out upon <i>Olympian Jupiter</i>; the same to whose Honor he shall exercise himself. He will cry he cannot bear it. <i>Great is the Power of Custom.</i><br>
[tr. <a href="https://quod.lib.umich.edu/e/eebo/A33161.0001.001/1:4.17?rgn=div2;view=fulltext#:~:text=weak%20old%20women%20oftentimes%20go%20without%20eat%E2%88%A3ing%20two%20or%20three%20days%20together%3B%20do%20but%20with-hold%20meat%20one%20day%20from%20a%20wrastler%2C%20he%20will%20cry%20out%20upon%20olympian%20jupiter%3B%20the%20same%20to%20whose%20honor%20he%20shall%20exercise%20himself.%20he%20will%20cry%20he%20cannot%20bear%20it">Wase</a> (1643)]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote>You may often hear of diminutive old women living without victuals three or four days; but take away a wrestler's provision for but one day, he will implore Jupiter Olympus, the very god for whom he exercises himself: he will cry out, It is intolerable. Great is the force of custom!<br>
[tr. <a href="https://quod.lib.umich.edu/e/eebo/A33161.0001.001/1:4.17?rgn=div2;view=fulltext#:~:text=weak%20old%20women%20oftentimes%20go%20without%20eat%E2%88%A3ing%20two%20or%20three%20days%20together%3B%20do%20but%20with-hold%20meat%20one%20day%20from%20a%20wrastler%2C%20he%20will%20cry%20out%20upon%20olympian%20jupiter%3B%20the%20same%20to%20whose%20honor%20he%20shall%20exercise%20himself.%20he%20will%20cry%20he%20cannot%20bear%20it">Main</a> (1824)]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote>Tender old women often support a fast of two or three days. Withdraw his rations for one day from a wrestler; he will appeal to that Olympic Jove himself, for whom he exercises; he will cry out it impossible to bear it. Great is the force of habit.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=hvd.32044085192730&view=2up&seq=127&q1=wrestler">Otis</a> (1839)]</blockquote><br>



<blockquote>You may often hear of old women living without victuals for three or four days: but take away a wrestler's provisions but for one day, and he will implore the aid of Jupiter Olympius, the very God for whom he exercises himself: he will cry out that he cannot endure it. Great is the force of custom!<br>
[tr. <a href="https://www.gutenberg.org/files/29247/29247-h/29247-h.html#:~:text=you%20may%20often%20hear%20of%20old%20women%20living%20without">Yonge</a> (1853)]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote>Feeble old women often endure hunger for two or three days. Take food away from an athlete for just one day. He will appeal to Jupiter, that Olympian Jupiter, the very one for whom he will be doing this training -- he will cry out that he can't bear it. Practice has great power.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://www.google.com/books/edition/Cicero_Tusculan_Disputations_II_and_V/hlbwDwAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&pg=PR6&printsec=frontcover&bsq=%22feeble%20old%20women%22">Douglas</a> (1990)]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote>Little old ladies often bear a two or three day period of fasting; but take away an athlete’s food for a day, and he will beg for relief from Jove! Olympian Jove, the one for whom he exercises! And he’ll tell you that he simply cannot bear it.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://sententiaeantiquae.com/2015/05/15/old-ladies-vs-professional-athletes/">@sentantiq</a> (2015)]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote>Old women regularly endure a lack of food for a period of three or four days; take from an athlete his food for a single day and he will appeal to olympian Jupiter, the very god in whose honor he trains, he will cry out that he can't bear it. The force of habit is considerable.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://www.google.com/books/edition/On_Life_and_Death/8-M-DgAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&pg=PA53&printsec=frontcover&bsq=%22Old%20women%20regularly%20endure%22">Davie</a> (2017)]</blockquote><br>						</span>
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		<title>Post, Emily -- Etiquette: The Blue Book of Social Usage, ch. 37 &#8220;Flat Silver&#8221; (1922; 1927 ed.)</title>
		<link>https://wist.info/post-emily/44168/</link>
		<comments>https://wist.info/post-emily/44168/#respond</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 09 Nov 2020 22:34:16 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Dave</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Post, Emily]]></category>
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		<category><![CDATA[eccentricity]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[etiquette]]></category>
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		<description><![CDATA[Queerly shaped pieces of flat silver, contrived for purposes known only to their designers, have no place on a well appointed table. So if you use one of these implements for a purpose not intended, it cannot be a breach of etiquette, since etiquette is founded on tradition, and has no rules concerning eccentricities.]]></description>
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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Queerly shaped pieces of flat silver, contrived for purposes known only to their designers, have no place on a well appointed table. So if you use one of these implements for a purpose not intended, it cannot be a breach of etiquette, since etiquette is founded on tradition, and has no rules concerning eccentricities.</p>
<br><b>Emily Post</b> (1872-1960) American author, columnist [née Price]<br><i>Etiquette: The Blue Book of Social Usage</i>, ch. 37 &#8220;Flat Silver&#8221; (1922; 1927 ed.) 
									<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(<a href="https://www.google.com/books/edition/Etiquette/UahuAAAAMAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=%22Queerly+shaped+pieces+of+flat+silver%22&dq=%22Queerly+shaped+pieces+of+flat+silver%22&printsec=frontcover" target="_blank">Source</a>)
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		<title>Wilde, Oscar -- &#8220;The Critic as Artist,&#8221; Intentions (1891)</title>
		<link>https://wist.info/wilde-oscar/39468/</link>
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		<pubDate>Mon, 27 May 2019 18:57:56 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Dave</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Wilde, Oscar]]></category>
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		<description><![CDATA[The security of society lies in custom and unconscious instinct, and the basis of the stability of society, as a healthy organism, is the complete absence of any intelligence amongst its members. The great majority of people being aware of this, rank themselves naturally on the side of that splendid system that elevates them to [&#8230;]]]></description>
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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The security of society lies in custom and unconscious instinct, and the basis of the stability of society, as a healthy organism, is the complete absence of any intelligence amongst its members. The great majority of people being aware of this, rank themselves naturally on the side of that splendid system that elevates them to the dignity of machines, and rage so wildly against the intrusion of the intellectual faculty into any question that concerns life, that one is tempted to define man as a rational animal who always loses his temper when he is called upon to act in accordance with the dictates of reason.</p>
<p><a href="https://wist.info/wp/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/Wilde-man-rational-animal-loses-temper-act-accordance-dictates-reason-wist_info-quote.png"><img alt="" fetchpriority="high" decoding="async" src="https://wist.info/wp/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/Wilde-man-rational-animal-loses-temper-act-accordance-dictates-reason-wist_info-quote.png" alt="" width="755" height="555" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-39477" srcset="https://wist.info/wp/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/Wilde-man-rational-animal-loses-temper-act-accordance-dictates-reason-wist_info-quote.png 755w, https://wist.info/wp/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/Wilde-man-rational-animal-loses-temper-act-accordance-dictates-reason-wist_info-quote-300x221.png 300w" sizes="(max-width: 755px) 100vw, 755px" /></a></p>
<br><b>Oscar Wilde</b> (1854-1900) Irish poet, wit, dramatist<br>&#8220;The Critic as Artist,&#8221; <i>Intentions</i> (1891) 
									<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(<a href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ldMVAAAAYAAJ&dq=oscar%20wilde%20%22accordance%20with%20the%20dictates%22&pg=PA200#v=onepage&q=oscar%20wilde%20%22accordance%20with%20the%20dictates%22&f=false" target="_blank">Source</a>)
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		<title>Burke, Edmund -- Letters on a Regicide Peace, Letter 1 (1796)</title>
		<link>https://wist.info/burke-edmund/37937/</link>
		<comments>https://wist.info/burke-edmund/37937/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 07 Sep 2017 15:46:38 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Dave</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Burke, Edmund]]></category>
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		<description><![CDATA[Manners are of more importance than laws. Upon them, in a great measure, the laws depend. The law touches us but here and there, and now and then. Manners are what vex or soothe, corrupt or purify, exalt or debase, barbarize or refine us, but a constant, steady, uniform, insensible operation, like that of the [&#8230;]]]></description>
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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Manners are of more importance than laws. Upon them, in a great measure, the laws depend. The law touches us but here and there, and now and then. Manners are what vex or soothe, corrupt or purify, exalt or debase, barbarize or refine us, but a constant, steady, uniform, insensible operation, like that of the air we breathe in. They give their whole form and color to our lives. According to their quality, they aid morals, they supply them, or they totally destroy them.</p>
<p><a href="https://wist.info/wp/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/Burke-Manners-are-of-more-importance-than-laws.-Upon-them-in-a-great-measure-the-laws-depend-wist_info-quote.png"><img alt="" decoding="async" src="https://wist.info/wp/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/Burke-Manners-are-of-more-importance-than-laws.-Upon-them-in-a-great-measure-the-laws-depend-wist_info-quote.png" alt="" width="900" height="550" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-37948" srcset="https://wist.info/wp/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/Burke-Manners-are-of-more-importance-than-laws.-Upon-them-in-a-great-measure-the-laws-depend-wist_info-quote.png 900w, https://wist.info/wp/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/Burke-Manners-are-of-more-importance-than-laws.-Upon-them-in-a-great-measure-the-laws-depend-wist_info-quote-300x183.png 300w, https://wist.info/wp/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/Burke-Manners-are-of-more-importance-than-laws.-Upon-them-in-a-great-measure-the-laws-depend-wist_info-quote-768x469.png 768w, https://wist.info/wp/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/Burke-Manners-are-of-more-importance-than-laws.-Upon-them-in-a-great-measure-the-laws-depend-wist_info-quote-60x37.png 60w" sizes="(max-width: 900px) 100vw, 900px" /></a></p>
<br><b>Edmund Burke</b> (1729-1797) Anglo-Irish statesman, orator, philosopher<br><i>Letters on a Regicide Peace</i>, Letter 1 (1796) 
									<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(<a href="https://books.google.com/books?id=_AIPAAAAQAAJ&dq=burke%20letters%20on%20a%20regicide%20peace&pg=PA66#v=onepage&q=%22the%20laws%20depend%22&f=false" target="_blank">Source</a>)
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		<title>Chamfort, Nicolas -- Products of Perfected Civilization [Produits de la Civilisation Perfectionée], Part 1 &#8220;Maxims and Thoughts [Maximes et Pensées],&#8221; ch.  3, ¶ 249 (1795) [tr. Mathers (1926)]</title>
		<link>https://wist.info/chamfort-nicolas/37732/</link>
		<comments>https://wist.info/chamfort-nicolas/37732/#respond</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 15 Aug 2017 03:09:14 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Dave</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Chamfort, Nicolas]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[absurdity]]></category>
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		<description><![CDATA[The most absurd customs and the most ridiculous ceremonies are everywhere excused by an appeal to the phrase, but that’s the tradition. This is exactly what the Hottentots say when Europeans ask them why they eat grasshoppers and devour their body lice. That’s the tradition, they explain. [Les coutumes les plus absurdes, les étiquettes les [&#8230;]]]></description>
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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The most absurd customs and the most ridiculous ceremonies are everywhere excused by an appeal to the phrase, <i>but that’s the tradition.</i> This is exactly what the Hottentots say when Europeans ask them why they eat grasshoppers and devour their body lice. <i>That’s the tradition,</i> they explain.</p>
<p><em>[Les coutumes les plus absurdes, les étiquettes les plus ridicules, sont en France et ailleurs sous la protection de ce mot: </em>c’est l’usage.<em> C’est précisément ce même mot que répondent les Hottentots, quand les Européens leur demandent pourquoi ils mangent des sauterelles, pourquoi ils dévorent la vermine dont ils sont couverts. Ils disent aussi: </em>c’est l’usage.]</p>
<br><b>Nicolas Chamfort</b> (1741-1794) French writer, epigrammist (b. Nicolas-Sébastien Roch)<br><i>Products of Perfected Civilization [Produits de la Civilisation Perfectionée]</i>, Part 1 &#8220;Maxims and Thoughts <i>[Maximes et Pensées],&#8221;</i> ch.  3, ¶ 249 (1795) [tr. Mathers (1926)] 
									<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(<a href="https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015014501913&view=2up&seq=86&q1=%22ccxlix%22" target="_blank">Source</a>)
										<br><br><span class="cite">
						

(<a href="https://fr.wikisource.org/wiki/Maximes_et_Pens%C3%A9es_(Chamfort)/%C3%89dition_Bever/3#:~:text=Les%20coutumes%20les,aussi%C2%A0%3A%20c%E2%80%99est%20l%E2%80%99usage.">Source (French)</a>). Alternate translations:<br><br>

<blockquote>The most absurd conventions, the most ridiculous formalities enjoy in France and elsewhere the protection of the phrase, "It's the custom.” It is the very phrase with which the Hottentots answer when the Europeans ask them why they eat grasshoppers, why they devour the vermin that crawl on them. They too say, “It’s the custom.”<br>
[tr. <a href="https://archive.org/details/productsofperfec0000seba_s1c9/page/152/mode/2up?q=grasshoppers">Merwin</a> (1969)]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote>The most absurd habits, the most ridiculous matters of etiquette enjoy in France and elsewhere the protection afforded by this phrase: "It is the custom." It is precisely this phrase which Hottentots produce when Europeans ask them why they eat grasshoppers, and why they devour the vermin with which they are infested. They also say: "It is the custom."<br>
[tr. <a href="https://www.google.com/books/edition/Chamfort_Maxims/J9vwAAAAMAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=%22the%20most%20absurd%20habits%22">Pearson</a> (1973)]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote>The most absurd customs, the most ridiculous etiquettes, are in France and elsewhere under the protection of this phrase: <i>That's how things are.</i> That is precisely the phrase that Hottentots say when Europeans ask them why they eat locusts; why they consume the vermin that they are covered in. They saÿ: <i>"That's how things are."</i><br>
[tr. <a href="https://frenchphilosophes.weebly.com/chamfort.html#:~:text=The%20most%20absurd%20customs">Siniscalchi</a> (1994)]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote>In France and elsewhere, the most absurd customs and protocol are justified by the statement "It's always been done like that." That's exactly what Hottentots tell Europeans when asked why they feed on locusts or the vermin on their bodies: "It's what we've always done."<br>
[tr. <a href="https://www.google.com/books/edition/Chamfort/0K0aAQAAIAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=%22in%20france%20and%20elsewhere%22">Parmée</a> (2003), ¶161]</blockquote><br>						</span>
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		<title>Lynd, Robert -- Middletown, ch. 29 (1929) [with Helen Lynd]</title>
		<link>https://wist.info/lynd-robert/37339/</link>
		<comments>https://wist.info/lynd-robert/37339/#respond</comments>
		<pubDate>Sat, 01 Jul 2017 01:37:58 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Dave</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Lynd, Robert]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[change]]></category>
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		<description><![CDATA[As has been pointed out so often, it is characteristic of mankind to make as little adjustment as possible in customary ways in the face of new conditions; the process of social change is epitomized in the fact that the first Packard car body delivered to the manufacturers had a whipstock on the dashboard.]]></description>
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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>As has been pointed out so often, it is characteristic of mankind to make as little adjustment as possible in customary ways in the face of new conditions; the process of social change is epitomized in the fact that the first Packard car body delivered to the manufacturers had a whipstock on the dashboard.</p>
<br><b>Robert Lynd</b> (1892-1970) American sociologist [Robert Slaughton Lynd]<br><i>Middletown</i>, ch. 29 (1929) [with Helen Lynd] 
									<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(<a href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Z43aAAAAMAAJ&dq=lynd+middletown+whipstock&focus=searchwithinvolume&q=whipstock" target="_blank">Source</a>)
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		<title>Shakespeare, William -- Much Ado About Nothing, Act 3, sc. 3, l. 139 (3.3.139) (1598)</title>
		<link>https://wist.info/shakespeare-william/36807/</link>
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		<pubDate>Wed, 19 Apr 2017 21:42:44 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Dave</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Shakespeare, William]]></category>
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		<description><![CDATA[CONRADE: The fashion wears out more apparel than the man.]]></description>
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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>CONRADE: The fashion wears out more apparel than the man.</p>
<br><b>William Shakespeare</b> (1564-1616) English dramatist and poet<br><i>Much Ado About Nothing</i>, Act 3, sc. 3, l. 139 (3.3.139) (1598) 
									<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(<a href="https://shakespeare.folger.edu/shakespeares-works/much-ado-about-nothing/entire-play/#:~:text=fashion%20wears,than%20the%20man" target="_blank">Source</a>)
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		<title>Lewis, C.S. -- The Abolition of Man (1943)</title>
		<link>https://wist.info/lewis-cs/36615/</link>
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		<pubDate>Wed, 29 Mar 2017 22:03:14 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Dave</dc:creator>
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		<description><![CDATA[The process which, if not checked, will abolish Man goes on apace among Communists and Democrats no less than among Fascists. The methods may (at first) differ in brutality. But many a mild-eyed scientist in pince-nez, many a popular dramatist, many an amateur philosopher in our midst, means in the long run just the same [&#8230;]]]></description>
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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The process which, if not checked, will abolish Man goes on apace among Communists and Democrats no less than among Fascists. The methods may (at first) differ in brutality. But many a mild-eyed scientist in <em>pince-nez</em>, many a popular dramatist, many an amateur philosopher in our midst, means in the long run just the same as the Nazi rulers of Germany: &#8216;Traditional values are to be debunked&#8217; and mankind to be cut out into some fresh shape at the will (which must, by hypothesis, be an arbitrary will) of some few lucky people in one lucky generation which has learned how to do it. </p>
<br><b>C. S. Lewis</b> (1898-1963) English writer, literary scholar, lay theologian [Clive Staples Lewis]
<br><i>The Abolition of Man</i> (1943) 
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		<title>Seneca the Younger -- Moral Letters to Lucilius [Epistulae morales ad Lucilium], Letter 109</title>
		<link>https://wist.info/seneca-the-younger/36173/</link>
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		<pubDate>Fri, 03 Feb 2017 01:07:38 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Dave</dc:creator>
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		<description><![CDATA[What once were vices, are now the manners of the day.]]></description>
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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>What once were vices, are now the manners of the day.</p>
<p><img alt="" decoding="async" src="https://wist.info/wp/wp-content/uploads/2017/02/Seneca-once-were-vices-manners-of-the-day-wist_info-quote.png" alt="" width="700" height="700" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-36184" srcset="https://wist.info/wp/wp-content/uploads/2017/02/Seneca-once-were-vices-manners-of-the-day-wist_info-quote.png 700w, https://wist.info/wp/wp-content/uploads/2017/02/Seneca-once-were-vices-manners-of-the-day-wist_info-quote-100x100.png 100w, https://wist.info/wp/wp-content/uploads/2017/02/Seneca-once-were-vices-manners-of-the-day-wist_info-quote-300x300.png 300w, https://wist.info/wp/wp-content/uploads/2017/02/Seneca-once-were-vices-manners-of-the-day-wist_info-quote-60x60.png 60w, https://wist.info/wp/wp-content/uploads/2017/02/Seneca-once-were-vices-manners-of-the-day-wist_info-quote-150x150.png 150w" sizes="(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px" /></p>
<br><b>Seneca the Younger</b> (c. 4 BC-AD 65) Roman statesman, philosopher, playwright [Lucius Annaeus Seneca]<br><i>Moral Letters to Lucilius [Epistulae morales ad Lucilium]</i>, Letter 109 
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		<title>Rogers, Will -- (Misattributed)</title>
		<link>https://wist.info/rogers-will/36123/</link>
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		<pubDate>Thu, 26 Jan 2017 16:56:02 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Dave</dc:creator>
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		<description><![CDATA[I never expected to see the day when girls would get sunburned in the places they do today. Widely attributed to Rogers, but I was unable to find it in any published primary source. That&#8217;s because it appears to have been said by a different Will Rogers. In The Pathfinder, &#8220;Art of Wisecracking Takes on [&#8230;]]]></description>
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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I never expected to see the day when girls would get sunburned in the places they do today.</p>
<p><img alt="" decoding="async" src="https://wist.info/wp/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Rogers-girls-sunburned-today-2-wist_info-quote.png" alt="" width="662" height="548" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-36126" srcset="https://wist.info/wp/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Rogers-girls-sunburned-today-2-wist_info-quote.png 662w, https://wist.info/wp/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Rogers-girls-sunburned-today-2-wist_info-quote-300x248.png 300w, https://wist.info/wp/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Rogers-girls-sunburned-today-2-wist_info-quote-60x50.png 60w" sizes="(max-width: 662px) 100vw, 662px" /></p>
<br><b>Will Rogers</b> (1879-1935) American humorist<br>(Misattributed) 
														<br><br><span class="cite">
						

Widely attributed to Rogers, but I was unable to find it in any published primary source. That's because it appears to have been said by a different Will Rogers.<br><br>

In <i>The Pathfinder</i>, "Art of Wisecracking Takes on New Significance," Issue 1866 (1929-10-05), the results of "<a href="https://archive.org/details/sim_town-journal_1929-10-05_36_1866/page/n1/mode/2up?q=%22never+expected+to+live%22">Wisecrack Contest</a>" among the weekly periodical's readers provides the following second place winner (earning it $10).<br><br>

<blockquote>Grandpa Wayback rises to remark: “I never expected to live to see the day when the girls would get sunburned on the places they do now.” Won by Will B. Rogers, Atlanta, Ga</blockquote><br>

That is <em>not</em> the famous Oklahoman humorist (William Penn Adair Rogers), though the latter is mentioned (along with Ring Lardner) in the text of the story as a famous wisecracker.<br><br>

This appears to be the origin of the quotation, and an explanation as to why it was quickly associated with the more famous figure by that name, an association that occurred very quickly when the Rogers from Georgia was forgotten.<br><br>

Variants (mostly attributed to Rogers):<br><br>

<blockquote>I never expected to see the day when the girls would get sunburned in the places they do now.<br>
[Albert Shaw, ed., <i><a href="<i>Review of Revews</i>, "Men, Women, and Books" (1935-02)">Review of Reviews</a></i> (1935-02)]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote>I never expected to see the day when girls would get sunburned in the places they do.<br>
[P.G. Wodehouse & Guy Bolton, <em><a href="https://archive.org/details/bringongirlsimpr0000wode/page/138/mode/2up?q=sunburned">Bring on the Girls: The Improbable Story of Our Life in Musical Comedy</a></em> (1953)]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote>Few men expected to see the day when women would get sunburned in the places they do now.<br>
[Louis T. Stanley, <i><a href="https://archive.org/details/londonseason012076mbp/page/n155/mode/2up?q=%22sunburned+in+the+places+they+do%22">The London Season</a></i>, "Feminine Wiles" (1956), used without attribution to Rogers]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote>I never expected to see the day when the girls would get sunburned in the places they do now.<br>
[John Birch Society, <i><a href="https://www.google.com/books/edition/American_Opinion/oFkfAQAAMAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=%22sunburned+in+the+places+they+do%22&dq=%22sunburned+in+the+places+they+do%22&printsec=frontcover">American Opinion</a></i>, Vol. 4 (1961)]</blockquote><br>
						</span>
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		<title>La Follette, Suzanne -- Concerning Women, &#8220;The Beginnings of Emancipation&#8221;(1926)</title>
		<link>https://wist.info/la-follette-suzanne/35927/</link>
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		<pubDate>Fri, 06 Jan 2017 02:43:53 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Dave</dc:creator>
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		<description><![CDATA[There is nothing more innately human than the tendency to transmute what has become customary into what has been divinely ordained.]]></description>
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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>There is nothing more innately human than the tendency to transmute what has become customary into what has been divinely ordained.</p>
<p><img decoding="async" src="https://wist.info/wp/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/La-Follett-customary-into-divinely-ordained-wist_info-quote.png" alt="la-follett-customary-into-divinely-ordained-wist_info-quote" width="1158" height="978" class="alignright size-full wp-image-35928" srcset="https://wist.info/wp/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/La-Follett-customary-into-divinely-ordained-wist_info-quote.png 1158w, https://wist.info/wp/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/La-Follett-customary-into-divinely-ordained-wist_info-quote-300x253.png 300w, https://wist.info/wp/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/La-Follett-customary-into-divinely-ordained-wist_info-quote-768x649.png 768w, https://wist.info/wp/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/La-Follett-customary-into-divinely-ordained-wist_info-quote-1024x865.png 1024w, https://wist.info/wp/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/La-Follett-customary-into-divinely-ordained-wist_info-quote-60x51.png 60w" sizes="(max-width: 1158px) 100vw, 1158px" /></p>
<br><b>Suzanne La Follette</b> (1893-1983) American journalist, author, feminist<br><i>Concerning Women</i>, &#8220;The Beginnings of Emancipation&#8221;(1926) 
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		<title>Hellman, Lillian -- Watch on the Rhine (1941)</title>
		<link>https://wist.info/hellman-lillian/34904/</link>
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		<pubDate>Fri, 26 Aug 2016 03:15:30 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Dave</dc:creator>
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		<description><![CDATA[Fashions in sin change.]]></description>
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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Fashions in sin change.</p>
<p><img decoding="async" src="https://wist.info/wp/wp-content/uploads/2016/08/Hellman-fashions-in-sin-change-wist_info-quote.jpg" alt="Hellman - fashions in sin change - wist_info quote" width="605" height="371" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-34908" srcset="https://wist.info/wp/wp-content/uploads/2016/08/Hellman-fashions-in-sin-change-wist_info-quote.jpg 605w, https://wist.info/wp/wp-content/uploads/2016/08/Hellman-fashions-in-sin-change-wist_info-quote-300x184.jpg 300w, https://wist.info/wp/wp-content/uploads/2016/08/Hellman-fashions-in-sin-change-wist_info-quote-60x37.jpg 60w" sizes="(max-width: 605px) 100vw, 605px" /></p>
<br><b>Lillian Hellman</b> (1905-1984) American playwright, screenwriter<br><i>Watch on the Rhine</i> (1941) 
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		<title>Dumas, Alexandre pere -- (Attributed)</title>
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		<pubDate>Fri, 22 Jul 2016 04:32:13 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Dave</dc:creator>
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		<description><![CDATA[The custom and fashion of to-day will be the awkwardness and outrage of to-morrow. So arbitrary are these transient laws. Quoted in James Comper Gray, The Biblical Museum: Old Testament, vol. 3 (1878 ed.).]]></description>
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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The custom and fashion of to-day will be the awkwardness and outrage of to-morrow. So arbitrary are these transient laws.</p>
<p><img decoding="async" src="https://wist.info/wp/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/Dumas-custom-and-fashion-of-today-wist_info-quote.jpg" alt="Dumas - custom and fashion of today - wist_info quote" width="605" height="490" class="alignright size-full wp-image-34566" srcset="https://wist.info/wp/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/Dumas-custom-and-fashion-of-today-wist_info-quote.jpg 605w, https://wist.info/wp/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/Dumas-custom-and-fashion-of-today-wist_info-quote-300x243.jpg 300w, https://wist.info/wp/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/Dumas-custom-and-fashion-of-today-wist_info-quote-60x49.jpg 60w" sizes="(max-width: 605px) 100vw, 605px" /></p>
<br><b>Alexandre Dumas, <i>père</i></b> (1802-1870) French novelist and dramatist
<br>(Attributed) 
														<br><br><span class="cite">
						

Quoted in James Comper Gray, <i>The Biblical Museum: Old Testament</i>, vol. 3 (1878 ed.). 
						</span>
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		<title>Heinlein, Robert A. -- Time Enough for Love [Lazarus Long] (1973)</title>
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		<pubDate>Tue, 02 Jun 2015 13:14:50 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Dave</dc:creator>
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		<description><![CDATA[Whenever the locals rub blue mud in their navels, I rub blue mud in mine just as solemnly.]]></description>
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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Whenever the locals rub blue mud in their navels, I rub blue mud in mine just as solemnly.</p>
<br><b>Robert A. Heinlein</b> (1907-1988) American writer<br><i>Time Enough for Love</i> [Lazarus Long] (1973) 
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		<title>Jefferson, Thomas -- Document (1776-07-02), &#8220;Declaration of Independence&#8221;</title>
		<link>https://wist.info/jefferson-thomas/22061/</link>
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		<pubDate>Tue, 13 Aug 2013 12:36:24 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Dave</dc:creator>
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		<description><![CDATA[Prudence, indeed, will dictate that Governments long established should not be changed for light and transient causes; and accordingly all experience hath shewn, that mankind are more disposed to suffer, while evils are sufferable, than to right themselves by abolishing the forms to which they are accustomed. But when a long train of abuses and [&#8230;]]]></description>
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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Prudence, indeed, will dictate that Governments long established should not be changed for light and transient causes; and accordingly all experience hath shewn, that mankind are more disposed to suffer, while evils are sufferable, than to right themselves by abolishing the forms to which they are accustomed. But when a long train of abuses and usurpations, pursuing invariably the same Object evinces a design to reduce them under absolute Despotism, it is their right, it is their duty, to throw off such Government, and to provide new Guards for their future security.</p>
<br><b>Thomas Jefferson</b> (1743-1826) American political philosopher, polymath, statesman, US President (1801-09)<br>Document (1776-07-02), &#8220;Declaration of Independence&#8221; 
									<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(<a href="https://www.archives.gov/founding-docs/declaration-transcript#:~:text=Prudence%2C%20indeed%2C%20will,their%20future%20security." target="_blank">Source</a>)
										<br><br><span class="cite">
						

As modified and approved by the Continental Congress. Jefferson's "<a href="https://founders.archives.gov/?q=Ancestor%3ATSJN-01-01-02-0176&s=1511311111&r=4#:~:text=prudence%20indeed%20will,their%20future%20security.">original rough draft</a>" is very similar:<br><br>

<blockquote>Prudence indeed will dictate that governments long established should not be changed for light & transient causes: and accordingly all experience hath shewn that mankind are more disposed to suffer while evils are sufferable, than to right themselves by abolishing the forms to which they are accustomed. but when a long train of abuses & usurpations, begun at a distinguished period, & pursuing invariably the same object, evinces a design to subject them to arbitrary power, it is their right, it is their duty, to throw off such government & to provide new guards for their future security.</blockquote><br>

<a href="https://founders.archives.gov/?q=%22waged%20cruel%20war%22&s=1111311111&sa=&r=2&sr=#TSJN-01-01-0188-fn-0004:~:text=4.%C2%A0The,Despotism%E2%80%9D%20for%20%E2%80%9Cpower.%E2%80%9D">In that draft</a>, the word "subject" was changed to "reduce." The phrase "to arbitrary power" was changed by Jefferson in following drafts to "under absolute power," and then edited by Benjamin Franklin to "under absolute Despotism," which was the final form it took.						</span>
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		<title>Twain, Mark -- What Is Man? ch. 6 (1906)</title>
		<link>https://wist.info/twain-mark/17521/</link>
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		<pubDate>Mon, 12 Mar 2012 14:07:26 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Dave</dc:creator>
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		<description><![CDATA[Each nation, knowing it has the only true religion and the only sane system of government, each despising all the others, each an ass and not suspecting it.]]></description>
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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Each nation, <i>knowing</i> it has the only true religion and the only sane system of government, each despising all the others, each an ass and not suspecting it.</p>
<br><b>Mark Twain</b> (1835-1910) American writer [pseud. of Samuel Clemens]<br><i>What Is Man?</i> ch. 6 (1906) 
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		<title>Bacon, Francis -- De Augmentis Scientiarum [Advancement of Learning], Book 6, ch. 3, &#8220;Innovation&#8221; (1605)</title>
		<link>https://wist.info/bacon-francis/8451/</link>
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		<pubDate>Thu, 03 Sep 2009 17:06:57 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Dave</dc:creator>
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		<description><![CDATA[The slaves of custom are the sport of time.]]></description>
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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The slaves of custom are the sport of time.</p>
<br><b>Francis Bacon</b> (1561-1626) English philosopher, scientist, author, statesman<br><i>De Augmentis Scientiarum [Advancement of Learning]</i>, Book 6, ch. 3, &#8220;Innovation&#8221; (1605) 
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		<title>Twain, Mark -- The Adventures of Tom Sawyer, ch. 5 (1876)</title>
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		<pubDate>Mon, 31 Aug 2009 13:11:02 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Dave</dc:creator>
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		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://wist.info/?p=8421</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Often, the less there is to justify a traditional custom, the harder it is to get rid of it.]]></description>
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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Often, the less there is to justify a traditional custom, the harder it is to get rid of it.</p>
<br><b>Mark Twain</b> (1835-1910) American writer [pseud. of Samuel Clemens]<br><i>The Adventures of Tom Sawyer</i>, ch. 5 (1876) 
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                <!-- DCH Modify the title to give the category (quote author) at the beginning of it. -->
		<title>Emerson, Ralph Waldo -- &#8220;Education,&#8221; Lectures and Biographical Sketches (1883)</title>
		<link>https://wist.info/emerson-ralph-waldo/7639/</link>
		<comments>https://wist.info/emerson-ralph-waldo/7639/#respond</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 15 Jun 2009 12:49:09 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Dave</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Emerson, Ralph Waldo]]></category>
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		<description><![CDATA[The opium of custom, whereof all drink and many go mad.]]></description>
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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The opium of custom, whereof all drink and many go mad.</p>
<br><b>Ralph Waldo Emerson</b> (1803-1882) American essayist, lecturer, poet<br>&#8220;Education,&#8221; <i>Lectures and Biographical Sketches</i> (1883) 
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		<title>Ambrose of Milan -- In Augustine, Epistulae, Letter 36 (c. AD 400)</title>
		<link>https://wist.info/ambrose-saint/1380/</link>
		<comments>https://wist.info/ambrose-saint/1380/#respond</comments>
		<pubDate>Sun, 01 Feb 2004 16:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Dave</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Ambrose of Milan]]></category>
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		<description><![CDATA[When I am in Rome, I fast as the Romans do; when I am at Milan, I do not fast. So likewise you, whatever church you come to, observe the custom of the place. [Cum Romanum venio, ieiuno Sabbato; cum hic sum, non ieiuno: sic etiam tu, ad quam forte ecclesiam veneris, eius morem serva, [&#8230;]]]></description>
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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>When I am in Rome, I fast as the Romans do; when I am at Milan, I do not fast.  So likewise you, whatever church you come to, observe the custom of the place.</p>
<p><em>[Cum Romanum venio, ieiuno Sabbato; cum hic sum, non ieiuno: sic etiam tu, ad quam forte ecclesiam veneris, eius morem serva, si cuiquam non vis esse scandalum nec quemquam tibi.]</em></p>
<br><b>Ambrose of Milan</b> (339-397) Roman theologian, statesman, Christian prelate, saint, Doctor of the Church [Aurelius Ambrosius]<br>In Augustine, <i>Epistulae,</i> Letter 36 (c. AD 400) 
														<br><br><span class="cite">
						

Alt trans.:<ul>
	<li>Popularly, "When in Rome, do as the Romans do."</li>
	<li>"When I am at Rome, I fast on a Saturday; when I am at Milan, I do not. Follow the custom of the church where you are."</li>
	<li>"When I am here, I do not fast on the Sabbath; when I am in Rome, I fast on the Sabbath."</li>
	<li>Alternately given as "If you are at Rome, live in the Roman style; if you are elsewhere, live as they live there. <em>[Si fueris Romae, Romano vivito more; / Si fueris alibi, vivito sicut ibi.]</em>" in J. Taylor, <i>Ductor Dubitantium, or the Rule of Conscience</i>, I.i.5 (1660).</li>
</ul>

Various Augustine citations described:<ul>
	<li><i>Epistulae</i> 36, 14 or 32</li>
	<li>Letter 54 to Januarius</li>
	<li>Epistle to Januarius, 2, sec. 18</li>
	<li>Epistle to Casualanus, 36, sec. 32</li>
</ul>




						</span>
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		<title>Crabbe, George -- The Borough, Letter 3 &#8220;The Vicar,&#8221; l. 138 (1810)</title>
		<link>https://wist.info/crabbe-george/452/</link>
		<comments>https://wist.info/crabbe-george/452/#respond</comments>
		<pubDate>Sun, 01 Feb 2004 16:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Dave</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Crabbe, George]]></category>
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		<description><![CDATA[Habit with him was all the test of truth, &#8220;It must be right: I&#8217;ve done it from my youth.&#8221;]]></description>
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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Habit with him was all the test of truth,<br />
&#8220;It must be right: I&#8217;ve done it from my youth.&#8221;</p>
<br><b>George Crabbe</b> (1754-1832) English poet, writer, surgeon, clergyman<br><i>The Borough</i>, Letter 3 &#8220;The Vicar,&#8221; l. 138 (1810) 
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		<title>Twain, Mark -- Mark Twain&#8217;s Notebook [ed. Paine (1935)]</title>
		<link>https://wist.info/twain-mark/3950/</link>
		<comments>https://wist.info/twain-mark/3950/#respond</comments>
		<pubDate>Sun, 01 Feb 2004 19:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Dave</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Twain, Mark]]></category>
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		<description><![CDATA[Each race determines for itself what indecencies are. Nature knows no indecencies; Man invents them.]]></description>
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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Each race determines for itself what indecencies are.  Nature knows no indecencies; Man invents them.</p>
<br><b>Mark Twain</b> (1835-1910) American writer [pseud. of Samuel Clemens]<br><i>Mark Twain&#8217;s Notebook</i> [ed. Paine (1935)] 
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		<title>Twain, Mark -- &#8220;What Is Man?&#8221; (1906)</title>
		<link>https://wist.info/twain-mark/3919/</link>
		<comments>https://wist.info/twain-mark/3919/#respond</comments>
		<pubDate>Sun, 01 Feb 2004 19:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Dave</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Twain, Mark]]></category>
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		<description><![CDATA[Each nation knowing it has the only true religion and the only sane system of government, each despising all the others, each an ass and not suspecting it. Full text.]]></description>
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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Each nation knowing it has the only true religion and the only sane system of government, each despising all the others, each an ass and not suspecting it.</p></p>
<br><b>Mark Twain</b> (1835-1910) American writer [pseud. of Samuel Clemens]<br>&#8220;What Is Man?&#8221; (1906) 
														<br><br><span class="cite">
						Full <a href="http://books.google.com/books?id=3CV0iWcn5dQC&amp;pg=PA108">text</a>.</p>						</span>
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		<title>Twain, Mark -- Essay (1906), &#8220;The Gorky Incident,&#8221; Letters from the Earth (c. 1909; pub. 1962) [ed. DeVoto (1939)]</title>
		<link>https://wist.info/twain-mark/3938/</link>
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		<pubDate>Sun, 01 Feb 2004 19:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Dave</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Twain, Mark]]></category>
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		<description><![CDATA[Laws are sand, customs are rock. Laws can be evaded and punishment escaped, but an openly transgressed custom brings sure punishment. The penalty may be unfair, unrighteous, illogical, and a cruelty; no mater, it will be inflicted, just the same. Commenting on the eviction of Maxim Gorky from multiple hotels in New York City because [&#8230;]]]></description>
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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Laws are sand, customs are rock. Laws can be evaded and punishment escaped, but an openly transgressed custom brings sure punishment. The penalty may be unfair, unrighteous, illogical, and a cruelty; no mater, it will be inflicted, just the same.</p>
<br><b>Mark Twain</b> (1835-1910) American writer [pseud. of Samuel Clemens]<br>Essay (1906), &#8220;The Gorky Incident,&#8221; <i>Letters from the Earth</i> (c. 1909; pub. 1962) [ed. DeVoto (1939)] 
									<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(<a href="https://archive.org/details/lettersfromearth0000clem/page/156/mode/2up?q=%22laws+are+sand%22" target="_blank">Source</a>)
										<br><br><span class="cite">
						

Commenting on the <a href="https://twainsgeography.com/node/10439">eviction</a> of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maxim_Gorky">Maxim Gorky</a> from multiple hotels in New York City because the woman he was traveling with was not his wife. Twain was a supporter of Gorky's efforts to foment revolution in Tsarist Russia.<br><br>

The essay was not published in Twain's lifetime.  It's <a href="https://twainsgeography.com/node/10439#:~:text=in%20Sam%E2%80%99s%20lifetime.-,It%20first%20appeared,-edited%20by%20Bernard">original publication</a> was in the <i>Slavonic and East European Review</i> (1944-08), also edited by DeVoto.

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		<title>Twain, Mark -- Paper delivered in Hartford (1884)</title>
		<link>https://wist.info/twain-mark/3943/</link>
		<comments>https://wist.info/twain-mark/3943/#respond</comments>
		<pubDate>Sun, 01 Feb 2004 19:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Dave</dc:creator>
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		<description><![CDATA[Loyalty to petrified opinions never yet broke a chain or freed a human soul in this world — and never will. First part (to &#8220;soul&#8221;) engraved on Twain&#8217;s bust in the National Hall of Fame, New York University.]]></description>
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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Loyalty to petrified opinions never yet broke a chain or freed a human soul in <em>this </em>world — and never <em>will</em>.</p>
<br><b>Mark Twain</b> (1835-1910) American writer [pseud. of Samuel Clemens]<br>Paper delivered in Hartford (1884) 
														<br><br><span class="cite">
						
First part (to "soul") engraved on Twain's bust in the National Hall of Fame, New York University.
						</span>
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		<title>Thoreau, Henry David -- Walden; or, Life in the Woods, ch.  1 &#8220;Economy&#8221; (1854)</title>
		<link>https://wist.info/thoreau-henry-david/3849/</link>
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		<pubDate>Sun, 01 Feb 2004 16:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Dave</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Thoreau, Henry David]]></category>
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		<description><![CDATA[Every generation laughs at the old fashions, but follows religiously the new.]]></description>
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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Every generation laughs at the old fashions, but follows religiously the new.</p>
<br><b>Henry David Thoreau</b> (1817-1862) American philosopher and writer<br><i>Walden; or, Life in the Woods</i>, ch.  1 &#8220;Economy&#8221; (1854) 
									<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(<a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Walden_(1854)_Thoreau/Economy#:~:text=Every%20generation%20laughs%20at%20the%20old%20fashions%2C%20but%20follows%20religiously%20the%20new." target="_blank">Source</a>)
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