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		<title>Stevenson, Robert Louis -- Essay (1879-05), &#8220;The Truth of Intercourse,&#8221; Cornhill Magazine, Vol. 39</title>
		<link>https://wist.info/stevenson-robert-louis/79931/</link>
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		<pubDate>Thu, 23 Oct 2025 18:43:24 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Dave</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Stevenson, Robert Louis]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[betrayal]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[deceit]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[disloyalty]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[obfuscation]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[silence]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[speak out]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[speak up]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[The cruellest lies are often told in silence. A man may have sat in a room for hours and not opened his teeth, and yet come out of that room a disloyal friend or a vile calumniator. Collected &#8220;Virginibus Puerisque, Part 4&#8221; in Virginibus Puerisque and Other Papers, ch. 1, part 4 (1881).]]></description>
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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The cruellest lies are often told in silence. A man may have sat in a room for hours and not opened his teeth, and yet come out of that room a disloyal friend or a vile calumniator. </p>
<br><b>Robert Louis Stevenson</b> (1850-1894) Scottish essayist, novelist, poet<br>Essay (1879-05), &#8220;The Truth of Intercourse,&#8221; <i>Cornhill Magazine</i>, Vol. 39 
									<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(<a href="https://archive.org/details/cornhillmagazine39londuoft/page/588/mode/2up?q=%22cruellest+lies%22" target="_blank">Source</a>)
										<br><br><span class="cite">
						

<a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Virginibus_Puerisque_and_Other_Papers/Virginibus_Puerisque#:~:text=The%20cruellest%20lies%20are%20often%20told%20in%20silence.%20A%20man%20may%20have%20sat%20in%20a%20room%20for%20hours%20and%20not%20opened%20his%20teeth%2C%20and%20yet%20come%20out%20of%20that%20room%20a%20disloyal%20friend%20or%20a%20vile%20calumniator.">Collected</a> "Virginibus Puerisque, Part 4" in <i>Virginibus Puerisque and Other Papers</i>, ch. 1, part 4 (1881).




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		<title>Fuller, Thomas (1654) -- Introductio ad Prudentiam, Vol. 2, # 2169 (1727)</title>
		<link>https://wist.info/fuller-thomas-1654/79555/</link>
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		<pubDate>Wed, 08 Oct 2025 16:04:45 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Dave</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Fuller, Thomas (1654)]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[betrayal]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[disloyalty]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[falseness]]></category>
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		<description><![CDATA[Thou needest not fear all the Devils in Hell so much as a false Friend; and let me tell thee, such are very common.]]></description>
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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Thou needest not fear all the Devils in Hell so much as a false Friend; and let me tell thee, such are very common.</p>
<br><b>Thomas Fuller</b> (1654-1734) English physician, preacher, aphorist, writer<br><i>Introductio ad Prudentiam</i>, Vol. 2, # 2169 (1727) 
									<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(<a href="https://www.google.com/books/edition/Introductio_Ad_Prudentiam/Wgmk5czFrOkC?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=2169" target="_blank">Source</a>)
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		<title>Cicero, Marcus Tullius -- Philippics [Philippicae; Antonian Orations], No.  5, ch.  2 / sec.   5 (5.2/5.5) (43-01-01 BC) [tr. Yonge (1903)]</title>
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		<pubDate>Thu, 21 Aug 2025 18:06:10 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Dave</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Cicero, Marcus Tullius]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[disloyalty]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[dolt]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[folly]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[fool]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[impiety]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[stupidity]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[treacherousness]]></category>
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		<description><![CDATA[A man who does not see this is senseless; he who does see it, and still advocates such a measure, is impious. [Hoc qui non videt, excors; qui, cum videt, decernit, impius est.] On the suggestion that Mark Antony be bought off by giving him governorship of Transalpine Gaul, and how that would merely give [&#8230;]]]></description>
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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>A man who does not see this is senseless; he who does see it, and still advocates such a measure, is impious.</p>
<p><em>[Hoc qui non videt, excors; qui, cum videt, decernit, impius est.]</em></p>
<br><b>Marcus Tullius Cicero</b> (106-43 BC) Roman orator, statesman, philosopher<br><i>Philippics [Philippicae; Antonian Orations]</i>, No.  5, ch.  2 / sec.   5 (5.2/5.5) (43-01-01 BC) [tr. Yonge (1903)] 
									<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(<a href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.02.0021%3Aspeech%3D5%3Asection%3D5#:~:text=a%20man%20who%20does%20not%20see%20this%20is%20senseless%3B%20he%20who%20does%20see%20it%2C%20and%20still%20advocates%20such%20a%20measure%2C%20is%20impious." target="_blank">Source</a>)
										<br><br><span class="cite">
						

On the suggestion that Mark Antony be bought off by giving him governorship of Transalpine Gaul, and how that would merely give him more troops and power to move against Rome.<br><br>

(<a href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.02.0011%3Atext%3DPhil.%3Aspeech%3D5%3Asection%3D5#:~:text=hoc%20qui%20non%20videt%2C%20excors%2C%20qui%20cum%20videt%20decernit%2C%20impius%20est5.">Source (Latin)</a>). Other translations: <br><br>

<blockquote>He that does not see this is a fool; he that sees it, and proposes it, is disloyal.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=uc1.32106005388175&seq=281&q1=%22he+that+does+not+see%22">Ker</a> (Loeb) (1926)]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote>Anyone who does not see this is a fool; anyone who does and makes the proposal all the same is treacherous.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://www.google.com/books/edition/Cicero_Philippics_3_9/xxfan1mvS5YC?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=%22anyone%20who%20does%20not%20see%22">Manuwald</a> (2007)] </blockquote><br>

<blockquote>Who does not see this is senseless; who sees and still approves is ungodly.<br>
[<a href="https://libquotes.com/cicero/quote/lbh4v9t">E.g.</a>]</blockquote><br>						</span>
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		<title>Shakespeare, William -- Much Ado About Nothing, Act 2, sc. 3, l.  64ff (2.3.64-71) (1598)</title>
		<link>https://wist.info/shakespeare-william/68245/</link>
		<comments>https://wist.info/shakespeare-william/68245/#respond</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 01 Apr 2024 17:18:44 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Dave</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Shakespeare, William]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[abandonment]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[betrayal]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[disloyalty]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[grief]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[letting go]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[men]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[no worries]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[sadness]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[sighing]]></category>
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		<description><![CDATA[BALTHAZAR: Sigh no more, ladies, sigh no more, Men were deceivers ever, One foot in sea and one on shore, To one thing constant never. Then sigh not so, but let them go, And be you blithe and bonny, Converting all your sounds of woe Into Hey, nonny nonny. &#8220;Hey, nonny nonny&#8221; was a nonsense [&#8230;]]]></description>
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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p class="hangingindent">BALTHAZAR:  Sigh no more, ladies, sigh no more,<br />
<span class="tab">Men were deceivers ever,<br />
One foot in sea and one on shore,<br />
<span class="tab">To one thing constant never.<br />
Then sigh not so, but let them go,<br />
<span class="tab">And be you blithe and bonny,<br />
Converting all your sounds of woe<br />
<span class="tab">Into <em>Hey, nonny nonny.</em></span></span></span></span></p>
<p></p>
<br><b>William Shakespeare</b> (1564-1616) English dramatist and poet<br><i>Much Ado About Nothing</i>, Act 2, sc. 3, l.  64ff (2.3.64-71) (1598) 
														<br><br><span class="cite">
						

"Hey, nonny nonny" was a nonsense refrain popular in English music during the Elizabethan era; in context here, it means stop grieving over the guy that dumped you and put that effort instead into some merry-making and song. <a href="https://www.laphamsquarterly.org/music/hey-nonny-nonny">Music historian Ross Duffin</a> believes the form of Balthazar's tune fits a popular song of the Tudor period, "<a href="https://www.google.com/books/edition/Old_English_popular_music/p_c4AQAAIAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=%22lusty+gallant%22&pg=PA235&printsec=frontcover">The Lusty Gallant</a>."


						</span>
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		<title>Commager, Henry Steele -- &#8220;Who Is Loyal to America?&#8221; Harper&#8217;s Magazine #1168 (Sep 1947)</title>
		<link>https://wist.info/commager-henry-steele/50675/</link>
		<comments>https://wist.info/commager-henry-steele/50675/#respond</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 05 Jan 2022 15:25:55 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Dave</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Commager, Henry Steele]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[America]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[civil liberties]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[civil rights]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[corruption]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[demagoguery]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[democracy]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[disloyalty]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[justice]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[loyalty]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[patriotism]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[un-American]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[voting rights]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[Who are those who are really disloyal? Those who inflame racial hatreds, who sow religious and class dissensions. Those who subvert the Constitution by violating the freedom of the ballot box. Those who make a mockery of majority rule by the use of the filibuster. Those who impair democracy by denying equal educational facilities. Those [&#8230;]]]></description>
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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Who are those who are really disloyal? Those who inflame racial hatreds, who sow religious and class dissensions. Those who subvert the Constitution by violating the freedom of the ballot box. Those who make a mockery of majority rule by the use of the filibuster. Those who impair democracy by denying equal educational facilities. Those who frustrate justice by lynch law or by making a farce of jury trials. Those who deny freedom of speech and of the press and of assembly. Those who press for special favors against the interest of the commonwealth. Those who regard public office as a source of private gain. Those who would exalt the military over the civil. Those who for selfish and private purposes stir up national antagonisms and expose the world to the ruin of war.</p>
<br><b>Henry Steele Commager</b> (1902-1998) American historian, writer, activist<br>&#8220;Who Is Loyal to America?&#8221; <i>Harper&#8217;s Magazine</i> #1168 (Sep 1947) 
									<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(<a href="http://alina_stefanescu.typepad.com/files/harpersmagazine-1947-09-0033019.pdf" target="_blank">Source</a>)
										<br><br><span class="cite">
						

<a href="https://archive.org/details/freedomloyaltydi00comm/page/134/mode/2up">Reprinted</a> in <i>Freedom, Loyalty, Dissent</i> (1954)						</span>
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		<title>Fuller, Thomas (1654) -- Gnomologia: Adages and Proverbs (compiler), #  121 (1732)</title>
		<link>https://wist.info/fuller-thomas-1654/45206/</link>
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		<pubDate>Tue, 26 Jan 2021 21:53:45 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Dave</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Fuller, Thomas (1654)]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[bribe]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[bribery]]></category>
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		<category><![CDATA[friendship]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[gifts]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[presents]]></category>
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		<description><![CDATA[A Friend, that you buy with Presents, will be bought from you.]]></description>
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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>A Friend, that you buy with Presents, will be bought from you.</p>
<br><b>Thomas Fuller</b> (1654-1734) English physician, preacher, aphorist, writer<br><i>Gnomologia: Adages and Proverbs</i> (compiler), #  121 (1732) 
									<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(<a href="https://www.google.com/books/edition/Gnomologia/3y8JAAAAQAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=thomas%20fuller%20gnomologia&pg=PR1&printsec=frontcover&bsq=%22buy%20with%20presents%22" target="_blank">Source</a>)
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		<title>Sophocles -- Antigone, l.  665ff [Creon] (441 BC) [tr. Fitts/Fitzgerald (1939), l. 525ff]</title>
		<link>https://wist.info/sophocles/44977/</link>
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		<pubDate>Thu, 07 Jan 2021 23:54:34 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Dave</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Sophocles]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[anarchy]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[control]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[destruction]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[discipline]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[disloyalty]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[disobedience]]></category>
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		<description><![CDATA[I’ll have no dealings With law-breakers, critics of the government: Whoever is chosen to govern should be obeyed –– Must be obeyed, in all things, great and small, Just and unjust! O Haimon, The man who knows how to obey, and that man only, Knows how to give commands when the time comes. You can [&#8230;]]]></description>
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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I’ll have no dealings<br />
With law-breakers, critics of the government:<br />
Whoever is chosen to govern should be obeyed ––<br />
Must be obeyed, in all things, great and small,<br />
Just and unjust! O Haimon,<br />
The man who knows how to obey, and that man only,<br />
Knows how to give commands when the time comes.<br />
You can depend on him, no matter how fast<br />
The spears come: he’s a good soldier, he’ll stick it out.<br />
Anarchy, anarchy! Show me a greater evil!<br />
This is why cities tumble and the great houses rain down,<br />
This is what scatters armies!<br />
No, no: good lives are made so by discipline.<br />
We keep the laws then, and the lawmakers.</p>
<br><b>Sophocles</b> (496-406 BC) Greek tragic playwright<br><i>Antigone</i>, l.  665ff [Creon] (441 BC) [tr. Fitts/Fitzgerald (1939), l. 525ff] 
									<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(<a href="https://mthoyibi.files.wordpress.com/2011/05/antigone_2.pdf" target="_blank">Source</a>)
										<br><br><span class="cite">
						

Alt. trans.:<br><br>

<blockquote>But whoso wantonly<br>
Or strains the laws or sets about dictating<br>
To those who rule, it is not possible<br>
That such a one should ever earn my praise.<br>
No! when a city constitutes a chief,<br>
It well befitteth all men to obey<br>
His great or small, just or unjust behests.<br>
And I should confidently trust that he,<br>
Whose law is such, would from fixed habitude<br>
Both wisely rule and loyally obey.<br>
he too, when posted in the battled line,<br>
Amid the storm of fight, would keep his ground,<br>
Brave and unswerving by his comrade's side.<br>
There is no greater ill than disobedience.<br>
'Tis this which ruins cities: this it is<br>
Which works the downfall of a noble house.<br>
And when, in battle, spear is locked with spear,<br>
'Tis this again which breaks and routes the phalanx.<br>
But when men keep the line, their discipline<br>
For the most part ensures their safety. Thus,<br>
It is our duty still to aid the laws.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://www.google.com/books/edition/The_Antigone_of_Sophocles_in_Greek_and_E/HMQNAAAAYAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&pg=PA65&printsec=frontcover&bsq=%22but%20whoso%20wantonly%22">Donaldson</a> (1848)]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote>But he who overbears the laws, or thinks <br>
To overrule his rulers, such as one<br>
I never will allow.  Whome'er the State<br>
Appoints must be obeyed in everything,<br>
But small and great, just and unjust alike.<br>
I warrant such a one in either case<br>
Would shine, as King or subject; such a man<br>
Would in the storm of battle stand his ground,<br>
A comrade leal and true; but Anarchy --<br>
What evils are not wrought by Anarchy!<br>
She ruins States, and overthrows the home,<br>
She dissipates and routs the embattled host;<br>
While discipline preserves the ordered ranks.<br>
Therefore we must maintain authority.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://www.gutenberg.org/files/31/31-h/31-h.htm#linkantigone:~:text=But%20he%20who%20overbears%20the%20laws%2C,Therefore%20we%20must%20maintain%20authority">Campbell</a> (1873)]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote>But he that wantonly defies the law,<br>
Or thinks to dictate to authority,<br>
Shall have no praise from me. What power soe'er<br>
The city hath ordained, must be obeyed<br>
In little things and great things, right or wrong.<br>
The man who so obeys, I have good hope<br>
Will govern and be governed as he ought,<br>
And in the storm of battle at my side<br>
Will stand a faithful and a trusty comrade.<br>
But what more fatal than the lapse of rule?<br>
This ruins cities, this lays houses waste,<br>
This joins with the assault of war to break<br>
Full numbered armies into hopeless rout;<br>
And in the unbroken host 'tis nought but rule<br>
That keeps those many bodies from defeat,<br>
I must be zealous to defend the law.<br>
[tr. <a href="http://www.loyalbooks.com/download/text/Electra-Sophocles.txt#:~:text=But%20he%20that%20wantonly%20defies%20the,be%20zealous%20to%20defend%20the%20law%2C">Storr</a> (1859)]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote>But if anyone oversteps and does violence to the laws, or thinks to dictate to those in power, such a one will never win praise from me. No, whomever the city may appoint, that man must be obeyed in matters small and great and in matters just and unjust. And I would feel confident that such a man would be a fine ruler no less than a good and willing subject, and that beneath a hail of spears he would stand his ground where posted, a loyal and brave comrade in the battle line. But there is no evil worse than disobedience. This destroys cities; this overturns homes; this breaks the ranks of allied spears into headlong rout. But the lives of men who prosper upright, of these obedience has saved the greatest part. Therefore we must defend those who respect order.<br>
[tr. <a href="http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0186%3Acard%3D631#text_main:~:text=But%20if%20anyone%20oversteps%20and%20does,must%20defend%20those%20who%20respect%20order">Jebb</a> (1891)]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote>But if any one transgresses, and does violence to the laws, or thinks to dictate to his rulers, such an on can win no praise from me. No, whomsoever the city may appoint, that man must be obeyed, in little things and great, in just things and unjust; and I should feel sure that one who thus obey would be a good ruler no less than a good subject, and in the storm of spears would stand his ground where he was set, loyal and dauntless at his comrade's side. But disobedience is the worst of evils. This it is that ruins cities; this makes homes desolate; by this, the ranks of allies are broken into headlong rout; but, of the lives whose course is fair, the greater part owes safety to obedience. Therefore we must support the cause of order.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Tragedies_of_Sophocles_(Jebb_1917)/Antigone#pageindex_161:~:text=But%20disobedience%20is%20the%20worst%20of,must%20support%20the%20cause%20of%20order">Jebb</a> (1917), l. 661ff]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote>To transgress<br>
Or twist the law to one’s own pleasure, presume<br>
To order where one should obey, is sinful,<br>
And I will have none of it.<br>
He whom the State appoints must be obeyed<br>
To the smallest matter, be it right -- or wrong.<br>
And he that rules his household, without a doubt,<br>
Will make the wisest king, or, for that matter,<br>
The staunchest subject. He will be the man<br>
You can depend on in the storm of war,<br>
The faithfullest comrade in the day of battle.<br>
There is no more deadly peril than disobedience;<br>
States are devoured by it, homes laid in ruins,<br>
Armies defeated, victory turned to rout.<br>
While simple obedience saves the lives of hundreds<br>
Of honest folk. Therefore, I hold to the law,<br>
And will never betray it.<br>
[tr. <a href="http://images.pcmac.org/SiSFiles/Schools/PA/GreenvilleArea/GreenvilleJrSrHigh/Uploads/DocumentsSubCategories/Documents/Antigone--E.F._Watling_1.pdf">Watling</a> (1947), l. 559ff]</blockquote><br>


<blockquote>But whoever steps out of line, violates the laws<br>
or presumes to hand out orders to his superiors,<br>
he'll win no praise from me. But that man<br>
the city places in authority, his orders<br>
must be obeyed, large and small, <br>
right and wrong. Anarchy -- <br>
show me a greater crime in all the earth!<br>
She, she destroys cities, rips up houses,<br>
breaks the ranks of spearmen into headlong rout.<br>
But the ones who last it out, the great mass of them<br>
owe their lives to discipline. Therefore<br>
we must defend the men who live by law.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://www.olma.org/ourpages/auto/2013/9/5/51879406/Antigone.pdf">Fagles</a> (1982), l. 741ff]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote>So, if someone goes too far and breaks the law,<br>
Or tries to tell his masters what to do,<br>
He will have nothing but contempt from me.<br>
But when a city takes a leader, you must obey,<br>
Whether his commands are trivial, or right, or wrong.<br>
But reject one man ruling another, and that's the worst.<br>
Anarchy tears up a city, divides a home,<br>
Defeats an alliance of spears.<br>
But when people stay in line and obey,<br>
Their lives and everything else are safe.<br>
For this reason, order must be maintained.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://www.google.com/books/edition/Antigone/4180HoH81RgC?hl=en&gbpv=1&pg=PP1&printsec=frontcover&bsq=%22someone%20goes%20too%20far%22">Woodruff</a> (2001), l. 662ff]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote>He who violates the laws of the gods and his city, or wants to command its leaders, will never gain my respect. We must obey those whom the city has ordained to be its leaders. We should obey them, unquestioningly, in all things, minor or great, those we agree with and those we oppose. I believe such a man would govern well and he’d also be an obedient servant; and he’d stay at his post even in the hurricane of war, honourably, bravely defending his country. There’s no worse evil than anarchy. Anarchy destroys nations, my son. Anarchy destroys homes. Anarchy turns the spears of allies into fleeing cowards. Those men left standing, the survivors, have been saved by discipline. That’s why each man must protect, with all his might, law and order.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://www.poetryintranslation.com/PITBR/Greek/Antigone.php#content:~:text=Whereas%20he%20who%20violates%20the%20laws,all%20his%20might%2C%20law%20and%20order">Theodoridis</a> (2004)]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote>But anyone who’s proud<br>
and violates our laws or thinks he’ll tell<br>
our leaders what to do, a man like that<br>
wins no praise from me. No. We must obey   <br>
whatever man the city puts in charge,<br>
no matter what the issue -- great or small,<br>
just or unjust. For there’s no greater evil<br>
than a lack of leadership. That destroys<br>
whole cities, turns households into ruins,<br>
and in war makes soldiers break and run away.<br>
When men succeed, what keeps their lives secure<br>
in almost every case is their obedience.<br>
That’s why they must support those in control.<br>
[tr. <a href="http://johnstoi.web.viu.ca//sophocles/antigone.htm#:~:text=But%20anyone%20who%E2%80%99s%20proud,they%20must%20support%20those%20in%20control%2C">Johnston</a> (2005), l. 757ff ] </blockquote>


						</span>
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		<title>Goethe, Johann von -- Conversation with Friedrich von Müller (29 Dec 1825)</title>
		<link>https://wist.info/goethe-johann/44336/</link>
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		<pubDate>Wed, 18 Nov 2020 16:54:22 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Dave</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Goethe, Johann von]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[alliance]]></category>
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		<description><![CDATA[In politics as on the sickbed, people toss from one side to the other, fancying that they will be more comfortable. In Biedermann, Goethes Gespräche, Gesamtausgabe, #2379 (1909). Usual variant: &#8220;In politics, as on the sickbed, people toss from one side to the other, thinking they will be more comfortable.&#8221;]]></description>
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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>In politics as on the sickbed, people toss from one side to the other, fancying that they will be more comfortable.</p>
<br><b>Johann Wolfgang von Goethe</b> (1749-1832) German poet, statesman, scientist<br>Conversation with Friedrich von Müller (29 Dec 1825) 
									<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(<a href="https://download.tuxfamily.org/openmathdep/metaphysics/Wisdom_and_Experience-Goethe.pdf" target="_blank">Source</a>)
										<br><br><span class="cite">
						

In Biedermann, <em>Goethes Gespräche, Gesamtausgabe</em>, #2379 (1909).  Usual variant: "In politics, as on the sickbed, people toss from one side to the other, thinking they will be more comfortable."						</span>
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		<title>Eisenhower, Dwight David -- The White House Years: Mandate for Change: 1953-1956: A Personal Account (1963)</title>
		<link>https://wist.info/eisenhower-dwight/27713/</link>
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		<pubDate>Wed, 10 Dec 2014 14:13:54 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Dave</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Eisenhower, Dwight David]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[America]]></category>
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		<description><![CDATA[Un-American activity cannot be prevented or routed out by employing un-American methods; to preserve freedom we must use the tools that freedom provides.]]></description>
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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Un-American activity cannot be prevented or routed out by employing un-American methods; to preserve freedom we must use the tools that freedom provides.</p>
<br><b>Dwight David Eisenhower</b> (1890-1969) American general, US President (1953-61)<br><i>The White House Years: Mandate for Change: 1953-1956: A Personal Account</i> (1963) 
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		<title>Stevenson, Adlai -- Call to Greatness, ch. 3 &#8220;America&#8217;s Burden&#8221; (1954)</title>
		<link>https://wist.info/stevenson-adlai-ewing/8846/</link>
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		<pubDate>Mon, 26 Oct 2009 11:54:02 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Dave</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Stevenson, Adlai]]></category>
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		<description><![CDATA[Unreason and anti-intellectualism abominate thought. Thinking implies disagreement; and disagreement implies nonconformity; and nonconformity implies heresy; and heresy implies disloyalty &#8212; so, obviously, thinking must be stopped. But shouting is not a substitute for thinking and reason is not the subversion but the salvation of freedom. Adapted from his &#8220;A Troubled World,&#8221; Godkin Lectures, Harvard [&#8230;]]]></description>
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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Unreason and anti-intellectualism abominate thought. Thinking implies disagreement; and disagreement implies nonconformity; and nonconformity implies heresy; and heresy implies disloyalty &#8212; so, obviously, thinking must be stopped. But shouting is not a substitute for thinking and reason is not the subversion but the salvation of freedom.</p>
<br><b>Adlai Stevenson</b> (1900-1965) American diplomat, statesman<br><i>Call to Greatness</i>, ch. 3 &#8220;America&#8217;s Burden&#8221; (1954) 
									<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(<a href="https://archive.org/details/calltogreatness00stev/page/n115/mode/2up?q=%22abominate+thought%22" target="_blank">Source</a>)
										<br><br><span class="cite">
						

Adapted from his "A Troubled World," Godkin Lectures, Harvard University (1954-03-17 - 1954-03-20)						</span>
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		<title>Twain, Mark -- Mark Twain&#8217;s Notebook [ed. Paine (1935)]</title>
		<link>https://wist.info/twain-mark/8669/</link>
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		<pubDate>Fri, 09 Oct 2009 13:41:55 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Dave</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Twain, Mark]]></category>
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		<description><![CDATA[The first thing I want to teach is disloyalty. &#8230; This will beget independence &#8212; which is loyalty to one&#8217;s best self and principles, and this is often disloyalty to the general idols and fetishes.]]></description>
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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The first thing I want to teach is <em>disloyalty</em>. &#8230; This will beget independence &#8212; which is loyalty to one&#8217;s best self and principles, and this is often disloyalty to the general idols and fetishes.</p>
<br><b>Mark Twain</b> (1835-1910) American writer [pseud. of Samuel Clemens]<br><i>Mark Twain&#8217;s Notebook</i> [ed. Paine (1935)] 
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		<title>Stevenson, Adlai -- Message (1951-06-26), Veto of Illinois State Senate Bill 102</title>
		<link>https://wist.info/stevenson-adlai-ewing/7846/</link>
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		<pubDate>Mon, 29 Jun 2009 13:13:53 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Dave</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Stevenson, Adlai]]></category>
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		<description><![CDATA[The whole notion of loyalty inquisitions is a natural characteristic of the police state, not of democracy. Knowing his rule rests upon compulsion rather than consent, the dictator must always assume the disloyalty, not for a few but of many, and guard against it by continual inquisition and liquidation of the unreliable. The history of [&#8230;]]]></description>
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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><span class="tab">The whole notion of loyalty inquisitions is a natural characteristic of the police state, not of democracy. Knowing his rule rests upon compulsion rather than consent, the dictator must always assume the disloyalty, not for a few but of many, and guard against it by continual inquisition and liquidation of the unreliable. The history of Soviet Russia is a modern example of this ancient practice.<br />
<span class="tab">The democratic state, on the other hand, is based on the consent of its members. The vast majority of our people are intensely loyal, as they have amply demonstrated. To question, even by implication, the loyalty and devotion of a large group of citizens is to create an atmosphere of suspicion and distrust which is neither justified, healthy, nor consistent with our traditions. [&#8230;] I must, in good conscience, protest against any unnecessary suppression of our ancient rights of free men. Moreover, we will win the contest of ideas that afflicts the world not by suppressing those rights, but by their triumph. We must not burn down the house to kill the rats.</span></span></p>
<br><b>Adlai Stevenson</b> (1900-1965) American diplomat, statesman<br>Message (1951-06-26), Veto of Illinois State Senate Bill 102 
									<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(<a href="https://idnc.library.illinois.edu/?a=d&d=DIL19530501.2.46" target="_blank">Source</a>)
										<br><br><span class="cite">
						

The Broyles Bill would have required all public workers, teachers, and officials, as well as candidates for office to sign loyalty oaths. Its veto by Stevenson, as Illinois Governor, was widely used by his political enemies during the Red Scare of the era.<br><br>

This quote is widely <a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Adlai_Stevenson_II#:~:text=Voicing%20opposition%20to%20the%20McCarran%20Internal%20Security%20Act%20of%201950">misidentified</a> as a more generic comment condemning the federal McCarran Internal Security Act of 1950. I've been unable to find any primary source connecting this quotation to that event.<br><br>

This passage is often elided and paraphrased down, e.g.:<br><br>

<blockquote>The whole notion of loyalty inquisitions is a national characteristic of the police state, not of democracy. I must, in good conscience, protest against any unnecessary suppression of our rights as free men. We must not burn down the house to kill the rats.</blockquote><br>						</span>
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		<title>Stevenson, Robert Louis -- Essay (1879-05), &#8220;The Truth of Intercourse,&#8221; Cornhill Magazine, Vol. 39</title>
		<link>https://wist.info/stevenson-robert-louis/6359/</link>
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		<pubDate>Thu, 02 Oct 2008 09:27:36 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Dave</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Stevenson, Robert Louis]]></category>
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		<description><![CDATA[The cruelest lies are often told in silence. A man may have sat in a room for hours and not opened his teeth, and yet come out of that room a disloyal friend or a vile calumniator. Collected as &#8220;Virginibus Puerisque, Part 4&#8221; in Virginibus Puerisque and Other Papers, ch. 1 (1881).]]></description>
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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The cruelest lies are often told in silence. A man may have sat in a room for hours and not opened his teeth, and yet come out of that room a disloyal friend or a vile calumniator.</p>
<br><b>Robert Louis Stevenson</b> (1850-1894) Scottish essayist, novelist, poet<br>Essay (1879-05), &#8220;The Truth of Intercourse,&#8221; <i>Cornhill Magazine</i>, Vol. 39 
									<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(<a href="https://archive.org/details/cornhillmagazine39londuoft/page/588/mode/2up?q=calumniator" target="_blank">Source</a>)
										<br><br><span class="cite">
						

<a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Virginibus_Puerisque_and_Other_Papers/Virginibus_Puerisque#:~:text=The%20cruellest%20lies%20are%20often%20told%20in%20silence.%20A%20man%20may%20have%20sat%20in%20a%20room%20for%20hours%20and%20not%20opened%20his%20teeth%2C%20and%20yet%20come%20out%20of%20that%20room%20a%20disloyal%20friend%20or%20a%20vile%20calumniator.">Collected</a> as "Virginibus Puerisque, Part 4" in <i>Virginibus Puerisque and Other Papers</i>, ch. 1 (1881).						</span>
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		<title>Fuller, Thomas (1654) -- Gnomologia: Adages and Proverbs (compiler), # 2101 (1732)</title>
		<link>https://wist.info/fuller-thomas-1654/1563/</link>
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		<pubDate>Sun, 01 Feb 2004 16:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Dave</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Fuller, Thomas (1654)]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[bully]]></category>
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		<description><![CDATA[He that fears you present, will hate you absent.]]></description>
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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>He that fears you present, will hate you absent.</p>
<br><b>Thomas Fuller</b> (1654-1734) English physician, preacher, aphorist, writer<br><i>Gnomologia: Adages and Proverbs</i> (compiler), # 2101 (1732) 
									<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(<a href="https://www.google.com/books/edition/Gnomologia/3y8JAAAAQAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=thomas%20fuller%20gnomologia&pg=PR1&printsec=frontcover&bsq=%22fears%20you%20present%22" target="_blank">Source</a>)
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		<title>Murrow, Edward R. -- Commentary (1954-03-09), &#8220;A Report on Senator Joseph R. McCarthy,&#8221; See It Now, CBS TV</title>
		<link>https://wist.info/murrow-edward-r/2931/</link>
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		<pubDate>Sun, 01 Feb 2004 16:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Dave</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Murrow, Edward R.]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[disagreement]]></category>
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		<description><![CDATA[We must not confuse dissent with disloyalty. (Source (Video)). Episode dealing with Sen. Joe McCarthy&#8217;s witch hunt of Communists in the US.]]></description>
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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>We must not confuse dissent with disloyalty.<br />
<a href="https://wist.info/wp/wp-content/uploads/2004/02/Murrow-we-must-not-confuse-dissent-with-disloyalty-wist.info-quote.png"><img fetchpriority="high" decoding="async" src="https://wist.info/wp/wp-content/uploads/2004/02/Murrow-we-must-not-confuse-dissent-with-disloyalty-wist.info-quote.png" alt="murrow - we must not confuse dissent with disloyalty - wist.info quote" title="murrow - we must not confuse dissent with disloyalty - wist.info quote" width="800" height="450" class="alignright size-full wp-image-76974" srcset="https://wist.info/wp/wp-content/uploads/2004/02/Murrow-we-must-not-confuse-dissent-with-disloyalty-wist.info-quote.png 800w, https://wist.info/wp/wp-content/uploads/2004/02/Murrow-we-must-not-confuse-dissent-with-disloyalty-wist.info-quote-300x169.png 300w, https://wist.info/wp/wp-content/uploads/2004/02/Murrow-we-must-not-confuse-dissent-with-disloyalty-wist.info-quote-768x432.png 768w" sizes="(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px" /></a></p>
<br><b>Edward R. Murrow</b> (1908-1965) American journalist<br>Commentary (1954-03-09), &#8220;A Report on Senator Joseph R. McCarthy,&#8221; <i>See It Now</i>, CBS TV 
									<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(<a href="https://www.billdownscbs.com/2015/11/edward-r-murrow-vs-senator-joseph.html#:~:text=We%20must%20not%20confuse%20dissent%20with%20disloyalty." target="_blank">Source</a>)
										<br><br><span class="cite">
						

(<a href="https://youtu.be/dMgoi9pBRwg?si=3ob3yublMIMtgflF&t=1440">Source (Video)</a>). Episode dealing with Sen. Joe McCarthy's witch hunt of Communists in the US. 						</span>
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		<title>Dante Alighieri -- The Divine Comedy [Divina Commedia], Book 1 &#8220;Inferno,&#8221; Canto  3, l.  34ff (3.34-42) [Virgil] (1309) [tr. Binyon (1943)]</title>
		<link>https://wist.info/dante-alighieri-poet/399/</link>
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		<pubDate>Sun, 01 Feb 2004 16:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Dave</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Dante Alighieri]]></category>
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		<description><![CDATA[These miserable ways The forlorn spirits endure of those who spent Life without infamy and without praise. They are mingled with that caitiff rabblement Of the angels, who rebelled not, yet avowed To God no loyalty, on themselves intent. Heaven chased them forth, lest, being there, they cloud Its beauty, and the deep Hell refuses [&#8230;]]]></description>
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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><span class="tab"><span class="tab">These miserable ways<br />
<span class="tab">The forlorn spirits endure of those who spent<br />
<span class="tab">Life without infamy and without praise.<br />
They are mingled with that caitiff rabblement<br />
<span class="tab">Of the angels, who rebelled not, yet avowed<br />
<span class="tab">To God no loyalty, on themselves intent.<br />
Heaven chased them forth, lest, being there, they cloud<br />
<span class="tab">Its beauty, and the deep Hell refuses them,<br />
<span class="tab">For, beside these, the wicked might be proud.</p>
<p><em><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab">[Questo misero modo<br />
<span class="tab">tegnon l’anime triste di coloro<br />
<span class="tab">che visser sanza ’nfamia e sanza lodo.<br />
Mischiate sono a quel cattivo coro<br />
<span class="tab">de li angeli che non furon ribelli<br />
<span class="tab">né fur fedeli a Dio, ma per sé fuoro.<br />
Caccianli i ciel per non esser men belli,<br />
<span class="tab">né lo profondo inferno li riceve,<br />
<span class="tab">ch’alcuna gloria i rei avrebber d’elli.]</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></em></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
<br><b>Dante Alighieri</b> (1265-1321) Italian poet<br><i>The Divine Comedy [Divina Commedia]</i>, Book 1 <i>&#8220;Inferno,&#8221;</i> Canto  3, l.  34ff (3.34-42) [Virgil] (1309) [tr. Binyon (1943)] 
									<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(<a href="https://archive.org/details/portabledante00dant/page/14/mode/2up?q=%22miserable+ways%22" target="_blank">Source</a>)
										<br><br><span class="cite">
						

This passage is likely the basis for John F. Kennedy's famous paraphrase, which he credited to Dante:<br><br>

<blockquote>The hottest places in hell are reserved for those who in a period of moral crisis maintain their neutrality.</blockquote><br>

That was originally written (and ascribed to Dante) by Henry Powell Spring in 1944. JFK used it multiple times, including in a speech as President in Germany a few days before his famous "Ich bin ein Berliner" speech. (More info on this paraphrase <a href="https://quoteinvestigator.com/2015/01/14/hottest/">here</a>.)<br><br>

Dante (and, thus, Dante's cosmos) judges based on action. Thus he ranks those who would not act, pusillanimous neutrals both earthly and heavenly, as worse than even those who have acted for evil ends, and the first whose punishment we get to see. Though they committed no evil acts, they also failed to commit good ones, allowing evil to flourish. Even the tortured denizens of Hell would consider themselves their betters, thus their not being allowed in that infernal realm. Rejecting Heaven and Hell, they are blocked from either. While undergoing some corporal punishment, far worse is that, having stood only for themselves, they are robbed of their identity, nameless for all eternity (ll. 46-51).<br><br>

Compare this sentiment to Revelation 3:15-16:<br><br>

<blockquote>I know thy works, that thou art neither cold nor hot: I would thou wert cold or hot. So then because thou art lukewarm, and neither cold nor hot, I will spue thee out of my mouth.</blockquote><br>

(<a href="https://it.wikisource.org/wiki/Divina_Commedia/Inferno/Canto_III#:~:text=Questo%20misero%20modo,rei%20avrebber%20d%E2%80%99elli">Source (Italian)</a>). Alternate translations:<br><br>

<blockquote>These doleful Beings, he reply'd, have liv'd<br>
In Indolence, without or blame or praise.<br>
Angels are mix'd with this unhappy band,<br>
Who neither Rebels, nor yet faithful were<br>
To God, but liv'd sequestered by themselves.<br>
These Heavn' discarded for being too remiss,<br>
Nor did e'en Hell this lukewarm herd receive;<br>
That Favour might not to the damnn'd be shewn.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://www.google.com/books/edition/The_Inferno_of_Dante_Translated/1ARcAAAAQAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=%22doleful%20Beings%22">Rogers</a> (1782), ll. 30-37]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote>Behold th' ignoble sons of sloth and shame,<br>
Who scorn'd alike the voice of praise and blame,<br>
<span class="tab">Nor dreaded punishment, nor sought reward.<br>
Mingled they march with that degen'rate brood,<br>
Who when the Rebel of the sky withstood<br>
<span class="tab">His sov'reign Lord, aloof their squadrons held:<br>
Viewing with selfish eye the fierce debate,<br>
Till, from the confines of the heav'nly state,<br>
<span class="tab">Trembling they saw the rebel host expell'd.<br>
Nor bore the victor-Lord the alien race,<br>
But straight, the foul pollution to efface,<br>
<span class="tab">Hurl'd them indignant from the bounds of light:<br>
This frontier then the dastard crew receiv'd,<br>
Nor deeply damn'd, altho' of bliss bereav'd,<br>
<span class="tab">And doom'd to wander on the verge of night';<br>
They suffer here, lest yon' more guilty train<br>
of crimes unequal, doom'd to equal pain,<br>
<span class="tab">Blaspheming Heavn'n, should make their impious boast.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://archive.org/details/divinacommediaof01dantuoft/page/110/mode/2up?q=%22floth+and+fhame%22">Boyd</a> (1802), st. 8-11] </blockquote><br>

<blockquote><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab">This miserable fate<br>
<span class="tab">Suffer the wretched souls of those, who liv'd<br>
<span class="tab">Without or praise or blame, with that ill band<br>
Of angels mix'd, who nor rebellious prov'd<br>
<span class="tab">Nor yet were true to God, but for themselves<br>
<span class="tab">Were only.  From his bounds Heaven drove them forth,<br>
Not to impair his lustre, nor the depth<br>
<span class="tab">Of Hell receives them, lest th' accursed tribe<br>
<span class="tab">Should glory thence with exultation vain.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://www.gutenberg.org/files/8789/8789-h/8789-h.htm#link3:~:text=He%20thus%20to,with%20exultation%20vain.%22">Cary</a> (1814)]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab">The miserable crew <br>
<span class="tab">Of souls now lingers in this piteous mood,<br>
<span class="tab">To whom, alive, nor blame nor praise was due.<br>
Commingled are they with that caitiff brood <br>
<span class="tab">Of angel natures, which nor dared rebel, <br>
<span class="tab">Nor yet kept faith, but selfish ends pursued.<br>
Them, not to be less fair, must heaven expel, <br>
<span class="tab">Nor the abyss receive, lest their dispraise <br>
<span class="tab">Redound for glory to the sons of hell.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://archive.org/details/infernodanteali02daymgoog/page/n24/mode/2up?q=%22miserable+crew%22">Dayman</a> (1843)]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote><span class="tab">This miserable mode the dreary souls of those sustain, who lived without blame, and without praise.<br>
<span class="tab">They are mixed with that caitiff choire of the angels, who were not rebellious nor were faithful to God; but were for themselves.<br>
<span class="tab">Heaven chased them forth to keep its beauty from impair; and deep Hell receives them not, for the wicked wouild have some glory over them.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://www.google.com/books/edition/The_Inferno/WqpEAAAAYAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=%22miserable%20mode%22">Carlyle</a> (1849)]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab">This miserable lot<br>
<span class="tab">Possess the souls of those whose living days<br>
<span class="tab">Passed not with infamy, nor yet with praise.<br>
Immingled they are in the caitiff choir<br>
<span class="tab">Of neutral angels, for themselves that stood -- <br>
<span class="tab">Neither rebelled nor loyal were to God.<br>
The heavens have chased them, for they'd sully heaven --<br>
<span class="tab">The infernal depths receive them not, because<br>
<span class="tab">No glory can the wicked have by those.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://archive.org/details/comedyofdanteal00dant/page/10/mode/2up?q=%22miserable+lot%22">Bannerman</a> (1850)]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab">This state of misery is held<br>
<span class="tab">By the sad spirits of those, who in their lives<br>
<span class="tab">Knew neither act of infamy nor praise.<br>
And they are mingl'd with the wicked choir<br>
<span class="tab">Of Angels who, not rebels to their God,<br>
<span class="tab">Were yet not faithful, knowing but themselves;<br>
Cast forth that Heav'n's pure beauty be not stain'd,<br>
<span class="tab">nto Hell's gloomy depths permitted not<br>
<span class="tab">Lest they be cause of glory to the lost.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://www.google.com/books/edition/A_Translation_of_Dante_s_Inferno/dzvcz2MMLLMC?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=%22state%20of%20misery%22">Johnston</a> (1867)]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab">This miserable mode<br>
<span class="tab">⁠Maintain the melancholy souls of those<br>
⁠<span class="tab">Who lived withouten infamy or praise.<br>
Commingled are they with that caitiff choir<br>
<span class="tab">⁠Of Angels, who have not rebellious been,<br>
<span class="tab">⁠Nor faithful were to God, but were for self.<br>
The heavens expelled them, not to be less fair;<br>
<span class="tab">⁠Nor them the nethermore abyss receives,<br>
<span class="tab">⁠For glory none the damned would have from them.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Divine_Comedy_(Longfellow_1867)/Volume_1/Canto_3#:~:text=And%20he%20to%20me%3A%20%22This,damned%20would%20have%20from%20them.%22">Longfellow</a> (1867)]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote>This wretched fashion keep the sorry souls of those who lived without infamy and without praise. They are mingled with that caitiff band of the angels who were not rebel, nor were faithful to God, but were for themselves. Heaven chased them, that it should not be less fair, nor does the deep hell receive them, since the damned would have some boasting of them.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://archive.org/details/dli.granth.92729/page/30/mode/2up?q=%22wretched+fashion%22">Butler</a> (1885)]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab">After this fashion drear<br>
<span class="tab">These wretched souls their after-life pursue<br>
<span class="tab">Who both from infamy and praise lived clear. <br>
Mingled they are with that contemptible crew<br>
<span class="tab">Of angels who would not rebellion dare,<br>
<span class="tab">Not faithful Godwards, to themselves but true. <br>
Heaven drove them out, lest it might be less fair, <br>
<span class="tab">Neither received them deepest Hell's domain, <br>
<span class="tab">That from them, evil should no glory share.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://archive.org/details/divinecomedyofda00dantrich/page/10/mode/2up?q=%22fashion+drear%22">Minchin</a> (1885)]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote>This miserable measure the wretched souls maintain of those who lived without infamy and without praise. Mingled are they with that caitiff choir of the angels, who were not rebels, nor were faithful to God, but were for themselves. The heavens chased them out in order to be not less beautiful, nor doth the depth of Hell receive them, because the damned would have some glory from them.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://www.gutenberg.org/files/1995/1995-h/1995-h.htm#cantoI.III:~:text=And%20he%20to%20me%2C%20%E2%80%9CThis,have%20some%20glory%20from%20them.%E2%80%9D">Norton</a> (1892)]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote>Such hapless state the joyless souls of those sustain, who lived their lives untouched by either infamy or praise. They are huddled together with that base crew of angels who rose not in revolt, nor kept their faith with God, but were for self alone. Heaven drave them out that its brightness might remain undimmed; nor doth the depth of Hell receive them, for the damned would glory over them.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://archive.org/details/comedydantealig00sullgoog/page/n28/mode/2up?q=%22such+hapless+state%22">Sullivan</a> (1893)]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab">This miserable condition <br>
<span class="tab">Keeps the sad souls of those who in their lifetime <br>
<span class="tab">Were without infamy and without praises; <br>
Commingled are they with that caitiff chorus <br>
<span class="tab">Of angels who aforetime were not rebels. <br>
<span class="tab">Nor faithful were to God, but stood as neutral. <br>
Heaven drave them forth lest they should mar its beauty;<br>
<span class="tab">Nor doth the lower depth of hell receive them, <br>
<span class="tab">Since that from them the damned would gain some glory.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://archive.org/details/infernodanteali00grifgoog/page/n28/mode/2up?q=%22miserable+condition%22">Griffith</a> (1908)]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote>This miserable state is borne by the wretched souls of those who lived without disgrace and without praise. They are mixed with that caitiff choir of the angels who were not rebels, nor faithful to God, but were for themselves. The heavens drove them forth, not to be less fair, and the depth of Hell does not receive them, lest the wicked have some glory over them.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://www.google.com/books/edition/The_Divine_Comedy/7I7_cvKw8xkC?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=%22this%20miserable%20state%22">Sinclair</a> (1939)]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab">This dismal company<br>
<span class="tab">Of wretched spirits thus find their guerdon due<br>
<span class="tab">Whose lives knew neither praise nor infamy;<br>
They're mingled with that caitiff angel-crew<br>
<span class="tab">Who against God rebelled not, nor to Him<br>
<span class="tab">Were faithful, but to self alone were true;<br>
Heaven cast them forth -- their presence there would dim<br>
<span class="tab">The light; deep Hell rejects so base a herd,<br>
<span class="tab">Lest sin should boast itself because of them.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://archive.org/details/divinecomedy00peng/page/86/mode/2up?q=%22dismal+company%22">Sayers</a> (1949)]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab">These are the nearly soulless<br>
<span class="tab">whose lives concluded neither blame nor praise.<br>
They are mixed here with that despicable corps<br>
<span class="tab">of angels who were neither for God nor Satan,<br>
<span class="tab">but only for themselves. The High Creator<br>
scourged them from Heaven for its perfect beauty,<br>
<span class="tab">and Hell will not receive them since the wicked<br>
<span class="tab">might feel some glory over them.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://archive.org/details/infernoverserend00dantrich/page/42/mode/2up?q=%22nearly+soulless%22">Ciardi</a> (1954), ll. 32-39] </blockquote><br>

<blockquote>Such is the miserable condition of the sorry souls of those who lived without infamy and without praise. They are mingled with that base band of angels who were neither rebellious nor faithful to God, but stood apart. The heavens drive them out, so as not to be less beautiful; and deep Hell does not receive them, lest the wicked have some glory over them.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://archive.org/details/inferno0000dant/page/n37/mode/2up?q=%22sorry+souls%22">Singleton</a> (1970)]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab">This wretched state of being<br>
<span class="tab">is the fate of those sad souls who lived a life<br>
<span class="tab">but lived it with no blame and with no praise.<br>
They are mixed with that repulsive choir of angels<br>
<span class="tab">neither faithful nor unfaithful to their God,<br>
<span class="tab">but undecided in their neutrality.<br>
Heaven, to keep its beauty, cast them out,<br>
<span class="tab">but even hell itself would not receive them<br>
<span class="tab">for fear the wicked there might glory over them.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://archive.org/details/dantesinferno00dant/page/20/mode/2up?q=%22wretched+state%22">Musa</a> (1971)] </blockquote><br>

<blockquote><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab">This miserable way<br>
<span class="tab">is taken by the sorry souls of those<br>
<span class="tab">who lived without disgrace and without praise.<br>
They now commingle with the coward angels,<br>
<span class="tab">the company of those who were not rebels<br>
<span class="tab">nor faithful to their God, but stood apart.<br>
The heavens, that their beauty not be lessened,<br>
<span class="tab">have cast them out, nor will deep Hell receive them --<br>
<span class="tab">even the wicked cannot glory in them.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://archive.org/details/lccn_83048678/page/22/mode/2up?q=%22miserable+way%22">Mandelbaum</a> (1980)] </blockquote><br>

<blockquote><span class="tab"><span class="tab">That is the manner of existence<br>
<span class="tab">Endured by the sad souls of those who lived<br>
<span class="tab">Without occasion for infamy or praise.<br>
They are mixed with that abject squadron of angels<br>
<span class="tab">Who did not think it worth their while to rebel<br>
<span class="tab">Or to be faithful to God, but were for themselves.<br>
Heaven chased them out, so as not to become less beautiful,<br>
<span class="tab">And the depths of hell also rejected them,<br>
<span class="tab">Lest the evil might find occasion to glory over them.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://archive.org/details/divinecomedy0000dant/page/56/mode/2up?q=%22manner+of+existence%22">Sisson</a> (1981)] </blockquote><br>

<blockquote><span class="tab">This is the sorrowful state of souls unsure,<br>
Whose lives earned neither honor nor bad fame.<br>
<span class="tab">And they are mingled with angels of that base sort<br>
<span class="tab">Who, neither rebellious to God nor faithful to Him,<br>
Chose neither side, but kept themselves apart --<br>
<span class="tab">Now Heaven expels them, not to mar its splendor,<br>
<span class="tab">And Hell rejects them, lest the wicked of heart<br>
Take glory over them.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://archive.org/details/infernoofdantene00dant/page/18/mode/2up?q=%22souls+unsure%22">Pinsky</a> (1994), ll. 30-37]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote><span class="tab">This wretched measure is kept by the miserable souls who lived without infamy and without praise.<br>
<span class="tab">They are mixed with that cowardly chorus of angels who were not rebels yet were not faithful to God, but were for themselves.<br>
<span class="tab">The heavens reject them so as not to be less beautiful, nor does deep Hell receive them, for the wicked would have some glory over them.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://archive.org/details/divinecomedyofda0001dant_u1l7/page/56/mode/2up?q=%22wretched+measure%22">Durling</a> (1996)] </blockquote><br>

<blockquote>This is the miserable mode in which those exist, who lived without praise, without blame. They are mixed in with the despised choir of angels, those not rebellious, not faithful to God, but for themselves. Heaven drove them out, to maintain its beauty, and deep Hell does not accept them, lest the evil have glory over them.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://www.poetryintranslation.com/PITBR/Italian/DantInf1to7.php#anchor_Toc64090919:~:text=This%20is%20the,glory%20over%20them.">Kline</a> (2002)]</blockquote><br>



<blockquote><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab">This awful habitat is given <br>
<span class="tab">over to the "so-so souls" who, when they lived, <br>
<span class="tab">were neither cold nor hot.<br>
They share this region with a retinue <br>
<span class="tab">of neutral angels, those who neither were for God <br>
<span class="tab">nor Satan, but for you-know-who.<br>
To keep its reputation from impair, <br>
<span class="tab">Heaven expelled them; they were barred from Hell,<br>
<span class="tab">in case in case the wicked thought themselves more fair."<br>
[tr. <a href="https://www.google.com/books/edition/The_Inferno_of_Dante_Alighieri/B8DHyhZK8ZQC?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=%22awful%20habitat%22">Carson</a> (2002)]</blockquote><br>




<blockquote>This baleful condition is one, he said<br>
<span class="tab">that grips those souls whose lives, contemptibly,<br>
<span class="tab">were void alike of honor and ill fame.<br>
These all co-mingle with a noisome choir<br>
<span class="tab">of angels who -- not rebels, yet not true<br>
<span class="tab">to God -- existed for themselves alone.<br>
To keep their beauty whole, the Heavens spurned them.<br>
<span class="tab">Nor would the depths of Hell receive them in,<br>
<span class="tab">lest truly wicked souls boast over them.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://archive.org/details/divinecomedy0000dant_l7y1/page/12/mode/2up?q=%22baleful+condition%22">Kirkpatrick</a> (2006)] </blockquote><br>

<blockquote><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab">This miserable state is borne<br>
<span class="tab">by the wretched souls of those who lived<br>
<span class="tab">without disgrace yet without praise.<br>
They intermingle with that wicked band<br>
<span class="tab">of angels, not rebellious and not faithful<br>
<span class="tab">to God, who held themselves apart.<br>
Loath to impair its beauty, Heaven casts them out,<br>
<span class="tab">and the depth of Hell does not receive them<br>
<span class="tab">lest on their account the evil angels gloat.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://dante.princeton.edu/cgi-bin/dante/campuscgi/mpb/GetCantoSection.pl?LANG=2&INP_POEM=Inf&INP_SECT=3&INP_START=34&INP_LEN=9">Hollander/Hollander</a> (2007)] </blockquote><br>

<blockquote><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab">This is how the vilest,<br>
<span class="tab">Sorriest souls have lived their lives,<br>
<span class="tab">Neither disgraced nor ever once admired.<br>
Mixed among them are souls thrown from on high,<br>
<span class="tab">Angels who neither joined the Devil's rebellion<br>
<span class="tab">Nor stood with God. They simply stayed to the side.<br>
Heaven rejected them as ugly, and Hell<br>
<span class="tab">Refused to let them in its deeper parts,<br>
<span class="tab">Outshining demons if the Devil let them dwell there.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://www.google.com/books/edition/The_Divine_Comedy/WZyBj-s9PfsC?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=%22how%20the%20vilest%22">Raffel</a> (2010)] </blockquote><br>

<blockquote><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab">Their pride to have no prejudice,<br>
Seeking no praise for fear of taking blame,<br>
They were for nothing, nor were they against:<br>
They made no waves and so they made no name.<br>
Now their neutrality is recompense,<br>
For here there is no cautious holding back:<br>
Voices once circumspect are now incensed<br>
And raise to make each other's eardrums crack<br>
Thus they are joined to that self-seeking squad<br>
Of angels fitted neither to rebel<br>
Against, nor put their heartfelt faith in, God --<br>
Hunted from Heaven and locked out of Hell<br>
Because the perfect sky would brook no blur,<br>
And in the lower depths the rebels prized<br>
The glory won from being what they were,<br>
Not the nonentities that they despised.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://archive.org/details/inferno0000dant_y2l4/page/14/mode/2up?q=%22have+no+prejudice%22">James</a> (2013), ll. 44-59]</blockquote><br>
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