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		<title>Roosevelt, Theodore -- Essay (1918-04-06), &#8220;Citizens or Subjects?&#8221; Kansas City Star</title>
		<link>https://wist.info/roosevelt-theodore/80170/</link>
		<comments>https://wist.info/roosevelt-theodore/80170/#respond</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 06 Nov 2025 17:21:59 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Dave</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Roosevelt, Theodore]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[censorship]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[citizenry]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[criticism]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[free country]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[free press]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[free speech]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[freedom of speech]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[freedom of the press]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[lese majeste]]></category>
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		<category><![CDATA[president]]></category>
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		<description><![CDATA[In a self-governing country the people are called citizens. Under a despotism or autocracy the people are called subjects. This is because in a free country the people are themselves sovereign, while in a despotic country the people are under a sovereign. In the United States the people are all citizens, including its President. The [&#8230;]]]></description>
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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><span class="tab">In a self-governing country the people are called citizens. Under a despotism or autocracy the people are called subjects. This is because in a free country the people are themselves sovereign, while in a despotic country the people are under a sovereign. In the United States the people are all citizens, including its President. The rest of them are fellow citizens of the President. In Germany the people are all subjects of the Kaiser. They are not his fellow citizens, they are his subjects.<br />
<span class="tab">This is the essential difference between the United States and Germany, but the difference would vanish if we now submitted to the foolish or traitorous persons who endeavor to make it a crime to tell the truth about the Administration when the Administration is guilty of incompetence or other shortcomings. Such an endeavor is itself a crime against the nation. Those who take such an attitude are guilty of moral treason of a kind both abject and dangerous.</span></span></p>
<br><b>Theodore Roosevelt</b> (1858–1919) American politician, statesman, conservationist, writer, US President (1901–1909)<br>Essay (1918-04-06), &#8220;Citizens or Subjects?&#8221; Kansas City <i>Star</i> 
									<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(<a href="https://www.google.com/books/edition/Roosevelt_in_the_Kansas_City_Star/AMgLAAAAYAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=%22Under%20a%20despotism%20or%20autocracy%22" target="_blank">Source</a>)
										<br><br><span class="cite">
						

Regarding a bill which had just passed the Senate Judiciary Committee which would fine and imprison any one who used "contemptuous or slurring language about the President."<br><br>

<a href="https://www.google.com/books/edition/The_Works_of_Theodore_Roosevelt_The_foes/v21C9kAR5DAC?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=%22despotism%20or%20autocracy%22">This passage</a> was added to later editions of his essay, <a href="https://www.google.com/books/edition/The_Works_of_Theodore_Roosevelt_The_foes/v21C9kAR5DAC?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=%22and%20may%207,%201918%22">"Lincoln and Free Speech,"</a>, as printed in <i>The Works of Theodore Roosevelt</i>, vol. 21, <a href="https://www.google.com/books/edition/The_Works_of_Theodore_Roosevelt_The_foes/v21C9kAR5DAC?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=%227%20Lincoln%20and%20Free%20Speech%22"><i>The Great Adventure</i>, ch. 7</a> (1925).  It does not appear in the original version of <a href="https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=uva.x030708290&seq=5&view=1up&q1=%22lincoln+and+free+speech+by%22">the essay</a> or <a href="https://archive.org/details/greatadventurepr00roosuoft/page/180/mode/2up?q=%22lincoln+and+free+speech%22">book</a>.
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		<title>La Bruyere, Jean de -- The Characters [Les Caractères], ch.  9 &#8220;Of the Great [Des Grands],&#8221; §  56 (9.56) (1688) [tr. Stewart (1970)]</title>
		<link>https://wist.info/la-bruyere-jean-de/70360/</link>
		<comments>https://wist.info/la-bruyere-jean-de/70360/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 02 Jul 2024 17:01:41 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Dave</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[La Bruyere, Jean de]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[criticism]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[danger]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[flattery]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[great]]></category>
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		<category><![CDATA[powerful]]></category>
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		<description><![CDATA[We should keep silent about those in power; to speak well of them almost implies flattery; to speak ill of them while they are alive is dangerous, and when they are dead is cowardly. [L&#8217;on doit se taire sur les puissants: il y a presque toujours de la flatterie à en dire du bien; il [&#8230;]]]></description>
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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>We should keep silent about those in power; to speak well of them almost implies flattery; to speak ill of them while they are alive is dangerous, and when they are dead is cowardly.</p>
<p><em>[L&#8217;on doit se taire sur les puissants: il y a presque toujours de la flatterie à en dire du bien; il y a du péril à en dire du mal pendant qu&#8217;ils vivent, et de la lâcheté quand ils sont morts.]</em></p>
<br><b>Jean de La Bruyère</b> (1645-1696) French essayist, moralist<br><i>The Characters [Les Caractères]</i>, ch.  9 &#8220;Of the Great <i>[Des Grands],&#8221;</i> §  56 (9.56) (1688) [tr. Stewart (1970)] 
									<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(<a href="https://archive.org/details/characters00labr/page/164/mode/2up?q=%22we+should+keep+silent%22" target="_blank">Source</a>)
										<br><br><span class="cite">
						

(<a href="https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/17980/pg17980-images.html#Des_grands:~:text=L%27on%20doit%20se%20taire%20sur%20les%20puissants%3A%20il%20y%20a%20presque%20toujours%20de%20la%20flatterie%20%C3%A0%20en%20dire%20du%20bien%3B%20il%20y%20a%20du%20p%C3%A9ril%20%C3%A0%20en%20dire%20du%20mal%20pendant%20qu%27ils%20vivent%2C%20et%20de%20la%20l%C3%A2chet%C3%A9%20quand%20ils%20sont%20morts.">Source (French)</a>). Alternate translations:<br><br>

<blockquote>The less we talk of the powerful, the better; what we say good of them, is often flattery: 'Tis dangerous to speak ill of 'em while they live, and villainous when they are dead.<br>
[<a href="https://quod.lib.umich.edu/e/eebo/A47658.0001.001/1:5.9?rgn=div2;view=fulltext#:~:text=The%20less%20we%20talk%20of%20the%20powerful%2C%20the%20better%3B%20what%20we%20say%20good%20of%20them%2C%20is%20often%20flattery%3A%20%27Tis%20dangerous%20to%20speak%20ill%20of%20%27em%20while%20they%20live%2C%20and%20villanous%20when%20they%20are%20dead.">Bullord</a> ed. (1696)]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote>The less we talk of the Great and Powerful, the better; what good we say of them is often Flattery  'Tis dangerous to speak ill of them while they are alive, and villainous when dead.<br>
[<a href="https://archive.org/details/worksmonsieurde00rowegoog/page/n201/mode/2up?q=%22Tbelefswe+talk%22">Curll</a> ed. (1713)] </blockquote><br>

<blockquote>The less we talk of the Great and Powerful, the better; what good we say of them is often Flattery: It is dangerous to speak of of them while living, it is base to insult over them when dead.<br>
[<a href="https://archive.org/details/worksmonsdelabr00rowegoog/page/n307/mode/2up?q=%22The+lefs+we+talk%22">Browne</a> ed. (1752)]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote>The less we talk of the great and powerful the better; if we say any good of them, it is often almost flattery; it is dangerous to speak ill of them whilst they are alive, and cowardly when they are dead.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/46633/pg46633-images.html#Page_221:~:text=The%20less%20we%20talk%20of%20the%20great%20and%20powerful%20the%20better%3B%20if%20we%20say%20any%20good%20of%20them%2C%20it%20is%20often%20almost%20flattery%3B%20it%20is%20dangerous%20to%20speak%20ill%20of%20them%20whilst%20they%20are%20alive%2C%20and%20cowardly%20when%20they%20are%20dead.">Van Laun</a> (1885)]</blockquote><br>
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                <!-- DCH Modify the title to give the category (quote author) at the beginning of it. -->
		<title>Gracián, Baltasar -- The Art of Worldly Wisdom [Oráculo Manual y Arte de Prudencia], §   7 (1647) [tr. Maurer (1992)]</title>
		<link>https://wist.info/gracian-y-morales-baltasar/49713/</link>
		<comments>https://wist.info/gracian-y-morales-baltasar/49713/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 15 Nov 2021 18:08:25 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Dave</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Gracián, Baltasar]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[boss]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[intelligence]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[lese majeste]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[precedence]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[sovereign]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[superiority]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[treason]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[wisdom]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[Most people do not mind being surpassed in good fortune, character, or temperament, but no one, especially not a sovereign, likes to be surpassed in intelligence. For this is the king of attributes, and any crime against it is lèse-majesté. [Bien se hallará quien quiera ceder en la dicha, y en el genio; pero en [&#8230;]]]></description>
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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Most people do not mind being surpassed in good fortune, character, or temperament, but no one, especially not a sovereign, likes to be surpassed in intelligence. For this is the king of attributes, and any crime against it is <i>lèse-majesté.</i></p>
<p><em>[Bien se hallará quien quiera ceder en la dicha, y en el genio; pero en el ingenio, ninguno, cuanto menos una soberanía. Es éste el atributo rey, y así cualquier crimen contra él fue de lesa Majestad.]</em></p>
<br><b>Baltasar Gracián y Morales</b> (1601-1658) Spanish Jesuit priest, writer, philosopher<br><i>The Art of Worldly Wisdom [Oráculo Manual y Arte de Prudencia]</i>, §   7 (1647) [tr. Maurer (1992)] 
									<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(<a href="https://community.fortunecity.ws/roswell/vortex/401/library/aoww/aoww01.htm#007:~:text=Most%20people%20do%20not%20mind%20being%20surpassed%20in%20good%20fortune%2C%20character%2C%20or%20temperament%2C%20but%20no%20one%2C%20especially%20not%20a%20sovereign%2C%20likes%20to%20be%20surpassed%20in%20intelligence.%20For%20this%20is%20the%20king%20of%20attributes%2C%20and%20any%20crime%20against%20it%20is%20lese%2Dmajeste.
" target="_blank">Source</a>)
										<br><br><span class="cite">
						

See <a href="https://wist.info/johnson-lyndon/20016/">Johnson</a>. (<a href="https://es.wikisource.org/wiki/Or%C3%A1culo_manual_y_arte_de_prudencia/Aforismos_(1-25)#:~:text=Bien%20se%20hallar%C3%A1%20quien%20quiera%20ceder%20en%20la%20dicha%2C%20y%20en%20el%20genio%3B%20pero%20en%20el%20ingenio%2C%20ninguno%2C%20cuanto%20menos%20una%20soberan%C3%ADa.%20Es%20%C3%A9ste%20el%20atributo%20rey%2C%20y%20as%C3%AD%20cualquier%20crimen%20contra%20%C3%A9l%20fue%20de%20lesa%20Majestad.">Source (Spanish)</a>). Alternate translations:<br><br>

<blockquote>There are many who will yield in good fortune, or in good humour; but no body will yield in Wit, and least of all a Sovereign. Wit is the <i>King</i> of Attributes, and by consequent, every Offence against it, is no less a Crime than Treason. <br>
[<a href="https://quod.lib.umich.edu/e/eebo/A41733.0001.001/1:4.7?rgn=div2;view=fulltext#:~:text=There%20are%20many,Crime%20than%20Treason.">Flesher</a> ed. (1685)]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote>There be some that will grant you precedence in good luck or good temper but none in good sense, least of all a prince; for good sense is a royal prerogative, any claim to that is a case of <i>lèse-majesté.</i> <br>
[tr. <a href="https://www.sacred-texts.com/eso/aww/aww10.htm#:~:text=There%20be%20some%20that%20will%20grant%20you%20precedence%20in%20good%20luck%20or%20good%20temper%2C%20but%20none%20in%20good%20sense%2C%20least%20of%20all%20a%20prince%3B%20for%20good%20sense%20is%20a%20royal%20prerogative%2C%20any%20claim%20to%20that%20is%20a%20case%20of%20l%C3%A8se%20majest%C3%A9.">Jacobs</a> (1892)]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote>Some will deign to take place after you in matters of luck or of heart, but in intelligence, none, least of all a sovereign: for this is the sovereign attribute, wherefore any attack upon it is a crime against majesty.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://archive.org/details/artofworldlywisd00grac/page/4/mode/2up?q=%22some+will+deign%22">Fischer</a> (1937)]</blockquote><br>
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                <!-- DCH Modify the title to give the category (quote author) at the beginning of it. -->
		<title>Homer -- The Iliad [Ἰλιάς], Book  5, l. 407ff (5.407-409) (c. 750 BC) [tr. Fitzgerald (1974), l. 467ff]</title>
		<link>https://wist.info/homer/43133/</link>
		<comments>https://wist.info/homer/43133/#respond</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 09 Sep 2020 18:20:05 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Dave</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Homer]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[blasphemy]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[CLM]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[doom]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[fight]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[folly]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[gods]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[heresy]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[lese majeste]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[Idiot, not to know his days are numbered who would fight the gods! His children will not sing around his knees &#8220;Papà! Papà!&#8221; on his return from war. Ὅττι μάλ&#8217; οὐ δηναιὸς ὃς ἀθανάτοισι μάχηται, οὐδέ τί μιν παῖδες ποτὶ γούνασι παππάζουσιν ἐκ πολέμοιο καὶ αἰνῆς δηϊοτῆτος. Alt. trans.: Not knowing he that fights with [&#8230;]]]></description>
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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Idiot, not to know<br />
his days are numbered who would fight the gods!<br />
His children will not sing around his knees<br />
&#8220;Papà! Papà!&#8221; on <i>his</i> return from war.</p>
<p>Ὅττι μάλ&#8217; οὐ δηναιὸς ὃς ἀθανάτοισι μάχηται,<br />
οὐδέ τί μιν παῖδες ποτὶ γούνασι παππάζουσιν<br />
ἐκ πολέμοιο καὶ αἰνῆς δηϊοτῆτος.</p>
<br><b>Homer</b> (fl. 7th-8th C. BC) Greek author<br><i>The Iliad</i> [Ἰλιάς], Book  5, l. 407ff (5.407-409) (c. 750 BC) [tr. Fitzgerald (1974), l. 467ff] 
									<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(<a href="https://www.google.com/books/edition/The_Iliad/OUbJC89bB2YC?hl=en&gbpv=1&pg=PA116&printsec=frontcover&bsq=pap%C3%A0%20pap%C3%A0" target="_blank">Source</a>)
										<br><br><span class="cite">
						

Alt. trans.:<br><br>

<blockquote>Not knowing he that fights with Heav’n hath never long to live,<br>
And for this deed, he never shall have child about his knee<br>
To call him father, coming home.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://fiftywordsforsnow.com/ebooks/chapman/iliad1.html#page1_116:~:text=Not%20knowing%20he%20that%20fights%20with,To%20call%20him%20father%2C%20coming%20home.">Chapman</a> (1611), ll. 387-89]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote>No man who fights with gods will live long or hear his children prattling about his knees when he returns from battle.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_Iliad_(Butler)/Book_V#navigationNotes:~:text=no%20man%20who%20fights%20with%20gods,knees%20when%20he%20returns%20from%20battle.">Butler</a> (1898)]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote>Know thou, whoe'er with heavenly power contends,<br>
Short is his date, and soon his glory ends;<br>
From fields of death when late he shall retire,<br>
No infant on his knees shall call him sire.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_Iliad_of_Homer_(Pope)/Book_5#100:~:text=Know%20thou%2C%20whoe'er%20with%20heavenly%20power,his%20knees%20shall%20call%20him%20sire.">Pope</a> (1715-20)]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote>Infatuate! he forgets<br>
That whoso turns against the Gods his arm<br>
Lives never long; he never, safe escaped<br>
From furious fight, the lisp’d caresses hears<br>
Of his own infants prattling at his knees.<br>
[tr. <a href="http://www.gutenberg.org/files/16452/16452-h/16452-h.htm#page_119:~:text=Infatuate!%20he%20forgets,own%20infants%20prattling%20at%20his%20knees.">Cowper</a> (1791), ll. 474-78]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote>Infatuate! nor does the son of Tydeus know this in his mind, that he is by no means long-lived who fights with the immortals, nor ever at his knees will sons lisp a father’s name, as he returns from war and dreadful battle.<br>
[tr. <a href="http://www.gutenberg.org/files/22382/22382-h/22382-h.htm#footnote212:~:text=Infatuate!%20nor%20does%20the%20son%20of,returns%20from%20war%20and%20dreadful%20battle.">Buckley</a> (1860)]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote>Unknowing he how short his term of life<br>
Who fights against the Gods! for him no child<br>
Upon his knee shall lisp a father's name,<br>
Safe from the war and battle-field return'd.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://www.google.com/books/edition/The_Iliad_of_Homer/EEYbAAAAYAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&pg=PA156&printsec=frontcover&bsq=%22unknowing%20he%20how%22">Derby</a> (1864), ll. 463-466]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote>Verily he endureth not for long who fighteth with the immortals, nor do his children prattle about his knees when he is come back from war and the dread conflict.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_Iliad_(Murray)/Book_V#navigationNotes:~:text=verily%20he%20endureth%20not%20for%20long,from%20war%20and%20the%20dread%20conflict.">Murray</a> (1924)]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote>That man who fights the immortals lives for no long time, his children do not gather to his knees to welcome their father when he returns home after the fighting and the bitter warfare.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://www.google.com/books/edition/The_Iliad_of_Homer/VppP9t9CjFIC?hl=en&gbpv=1&pg=PT156&printsec=frontcover&bsq=%22fights%20the%20immortals%22">Lattimore</a> (1951)]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote>Doesn't the son of Tydeus know, down deep,<br>
the man who fights the gods does not live long?<br>
Nor do his children ride his knees with cries of 'Father' --<br>
home at last from the wars and heat of battle.<br>
[tr. Fagles (1990), ll. 465-468]</blockquote><br>
						</span>
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                <!-- DCH Modify the title to give the category (quote author) at the beginning of it. -->
		<title>Emerson, Ralph Waldo -- Journal (1843-09)</title>
		<link>https://wist.info/emerson-ralph-waldo/38721/</link>
		<comments>https://wist.info/emerson-ralph-waldo/38721/#respond</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 01 Aug 2018 00:29:44 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Dave</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Emerson, Ralph Waldo]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[attack]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[commitment]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[king]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[lese majeste]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[regicide]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[retribution]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[rubicon]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[Never strike a king unless you are sure you shall kill him. In addition to the noted source, see also here. However, according to the reliable Ralph Keyes, the quotation is spurious. Keyes also suggests an inspiration from the 17th Century English proverb, &#8220;Whosoever draws his sword against the prince must throw the scabbard away.&#8221; [&#8230;]]]></description>
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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Never strike a king unless you are sure you shall kill him.</p>
<br><b>Ralph Waldo Emerson</b> (1803-1882) American essayist, lecturer, poet<br>Journal (1843-09) 
									<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(<a href="https://books.google.com/books?id=wm9qCvfN_YEC&lpg=PA15&dq=emerson%20journal%20%22strike%20a%20king%22&pg=PA15#v=onepage&q=emerson%20journal%20%22strike%20a%20king%22&f=false" target="_blank">Source</a>)
										<br><br><span class="cite">
						

In addition to the noted source, see also <a href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ijoOVniDTz8C&lpg=PA313&dq=emerson%20journal%20%22strike%20a%20king%22&pg=PA313#v=onepage&q=emerson%20journal%20%22strike%20a%20king%22&f=false">here</a>. However, according to the reliable <a href="https://books.google.com/books?id=d6JZryGvfxYC&lpg=PA56&dq=emerson%20journal%20%22strike%20a%20king%22&pg=PA56#v=onepage&q=emerson%20journal%20%22strike%20a%20king%22&f=false">Ralph Keyes</a>, the quotation is spurious. Keyes also suggests an inspiration from the 17th Century English proverb, "Whosoever draws his sword against the prince must throw the scabbard away."<br><br>

A variant, "When you strike at a king you must kill him," is <a href="https://books.google.com/books?id=kW8a-a4v9e0C&lpg=PA197&dq=max%20lerner%20%22strike%20at%20a%20king%22&pg=PA197#v=onepage&q=max%20lerner%20%22strike%20at%20a%20king%22&f=false">attributed to Emerson</a> by Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr., in Max Lerner, <i>The Mind and Faith of Justice Holmes</i> (1943).						</span>
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		<title>Voltaire -- (Misattributed)</title>
		<link>https://wist.info/voltaire/19794/</link>
		<comments>https://wist.info/voltaire/19794/#respond</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 07 Dec 2012 13:40:04 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Dave</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Voltaire]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[criticism]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[free speech]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[freedom of speech]]></category>
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		<category><![CDATA[rulership]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[To learn who rules over you, simply find out who you are not allowed to criticize. Frequently attributed to Voltaire in memes, but unsourced in any of his writings. More accurately attributed to Kevin Alfred Strom during a 1993 anti-semitic screed on a radio broadcast: To determine the true rulers of any society, all you [&#8230;]]]></description>
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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>To learn who rules over you, simply find out who you are not allowed to criticize.</p>
<br><b>Voltaire</b> (1694-1778) French writer [pseud. of Francois-Marie Arouet]<br>(Misattributed) 
														<br><br><span class="cite">
						

Frequently attributed to Voltaire in memes, but unsourced in any of his writings. More accurately attributed to Kevin Alfred Strom during a 1993 anti-semitic screed on a radio broadcast: <br><br>

<blockquote>To determine the true rulers of any society, all you must do is ask yourself this question: Who is it that I am not permitted to criticize?</blockquote><br>

More discussion of the attribution <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/fact-check/to-learn-who-rules-over-you-quote-wrongly-attributed-to-voltaire-idUSL1N2UE2LM/">here</a>, <a href="https://apnews.com/article/fact-checking-872903898775">here</a> and <a href="https://blog.oup.com/2017/03/voltaire-works-one-liner/">here</a>.						</span>
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