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		<title>Commager, Henry Steele -- Essay (1947-09), &#8220;Who Is Loyal to America?&#8221; sec. 1, Harper&#8217;s Magazine, Vol. 195, No. 1168</title>
		<link>https://wist.info/commager-henry-steele/84151/</link>
		<comments>https://wist.info/commager-henry-steele/84151/#respond</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 08 Jun 2026 17:00:36 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Dave</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Commager, Henry Steele]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[censorship]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[citizenship]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[controversy]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[education]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[higher education]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[intellectual freedom]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[intimidation]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[pedagogy]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[timidity]]></category>
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		<description><![CDATA[We are shocked when we see educators, timid before criticism and confused about first principles, betray their trust. And we wonder what can be that &#8220;philosophy of education&#8221; which believes that young people can be trained to the duties of citizenship by wrapping their minds in cotton wool. Regarding knee-jerk reactions from higher education when [&#8230;]]]></description>
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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>We are shocked when we see educators, timid before criticism and confused about first principles, betray their trust. And we wonder what can be that &#8220;philosophy of education&#8221; which believes that young people can be trained to the duties of citizenship by wrapping their minds in cotton wool.</p>
<br><b>Henry Steele Commager</b> (1902–1998) American historian, writer, activist<br>Essay (1947-09), &#8220;Who Is Loyal to America?&#8221; sec. 1, <i>Harper&#8217;s Magazine</i>, Vol. 195, No. 1168 
									<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(<a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20241226150242/https://alina_stefanescu.typepad.com/files/harpersmagazine-1947-09-0033019.pdf#page=2" target="_blank">Source</a>)
										<br><br><span class="cite">
						

Regarding knee-jerk reactions from higher education when accused of disloyalty for having controversial speakers on campus. <a href="https://archive.org/details/freedomloyaltydi00comm/page/138/mode/2up?q=%22first+principles%22">Reprinted</a> in <i>Freedom, Loyalty, Dissent</i> (1954).



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		<title>Commager, Henry Steele -- Essay (1965-12-18), &#8220;The Problem of Dissent,&#8221; Saturday Review</title>
		<link>https://wist.info/commager-henry-steele/82467/</link>
		<comments>https://wist.info/commager-henry-steele/82467/#respond</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 02 Mar 2026 23:47:22 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Dave</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Commager, Henry Steele]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[academic freedom]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[acquiescence]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[agitation]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[apathy]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[censorship]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[criticism]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[dissent]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[intellectual freedom]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[resistance]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[silencing]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[timidity]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[We do not need to fear ideas, but the censorship of ideas. We do not need to fear criticism, but the silencing of criticism. We do not need to fear excitement or agitation in the academic community, but timidity and apathy. We do not need to fear resistance to political leaders, but unquestioning acquiescence in [&#8230;]]]></description>
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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>We do not need to fear ideas, but the censorship of ideas. We do not need to fear criticism, but the silencing of criticism. We do not need to fear excitement or agitation in the academic community, but timidity and apathy. We do not need to fear resistance to political leaders, but unquestioning acquiescence in whatever policies those leaders adopt. </p>
<br><b>Henry Steele Commager</b> (1902–1998) American historian, writer, activist<br>Essay (1965-12-18), &#8220;The Problem of Dissent,&#8221; <i>Saturday Review</i> 
									<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(<a href="https://archive.org/details/freedomordercomm00comm/page/294/mode/2up?q=%22we+do+not+need+to+fear%22" target="_blank">Source</a>)
										<br><br><span class="cite">
						

Reprinted in <i>Freedom and Order</i>, Part 6 (1966). 


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		<title>Hoffer, Eric -- Passionate State of Mind, Aphorism 203 (1955)</title>
		<link>https://wist.info/hoffer-eric/81117/</link>
		<comments>https://wist.info/hoffer-eric/81117/#respond</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 01 Jan 2026 22:14:11 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Dave</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Hoffer, Eric]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[acceptability]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[acquiescence]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[cowardice]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[cowardliness]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[fashion]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[fear]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[respectability]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[social contract]]></category>
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		<description><![CDATA[When cowardice is made respectable, its followers are without number both from among the weak and the strong; it easily becomes a fashion. See also Hoffer (1971).]]></description>
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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>When cowardice is made respectable, its followers are without number both from among the weak and the strong; it easily becomes a fashion.</p>
<br><b>Eric Hoffer</b> (1902–1983) American writer, philosopher, longshoreman<br><i>Passionate State of Mind</i>, Aphorism 203 (1955) 
									<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(<a href="https://archive.org/details/passionatestateo00hoff/page/124/mode/2up?q=203" target="_blank">Source</a>)
										<br><br><span class="cite">
						

See also <a href="/hoffer-eric/13485/">Hoffer</a> (1971).						</span>
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		<title>Roosevelt, Franklin Delano -- Speech (1937-01-20), Inaugural Address, Washington, D.C.</title>
		<link>https://wist.info/roosevelt-franklin-delano/80060/</link>
		<comments>https://wist.info/roosevelt-franklin-delano/80060/#respond</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 29 Oct 2025 13:39:29 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Dave</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Roosevelt, Franklin Delano]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[advancement]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[comfort]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[decision]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[decision-making]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[determination]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[excuse]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[opportunism]]></category>
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		<category><![CDATA[resolution]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[timidity]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[Many voices are heard as we face a great decision. Comfort says, &#8220;Tarry a while.&#8221; Opportunism says, &#8220;This is a good spot.&#8221; Timidity asks, &#8220;How difficult is the road ahead?&#8221; [&#8230;] If I know aught of the spirit and purpose of our Nation, we will not listen to Comfort, Opportunism, and Timidity. We will carry [&#8230;]]]></description>
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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Many voices are heard as we face a great decision. Comfort says, &#8220;Tarry a while.&#8221; Opportunism says, &#8220;This is a good spot.&#8221; Timidity asks, &#8220;How difficult is the road ahead?&#8221; [&#8230;] If I know aught of the spirit and purpose of our Nation, we will not listen to Comfort, Opportunism, and Timidity. We will carry on.</p>
<br><b>Franklin Delano Roosevelt</b> (1882–1945) American lawyer, politician, statesman, US President (1933–1945)<br>Speech (1937-01-20), Inaugural Address, Washington, D.C. 
									<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(<a href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/inaugural-address-7#:~:text=Many%20voices%20are%20heard%20as%20we%20face%20a%20great%20decision.%20Comfort%20says%2C%20%22Tarry%20a%20while.%22%20Opportunism%20says%2C%20%22This%20is%20a%20good%20spot.%22%20Timidity%20asks%2C%20%22How%20difficult%20is%20the%20road%20ahead%3F%22" target="_blank">Source</a>)
										<br><br><span class="cite">
						

(<a href="https://youtu.be/I8Eiq3CmsCc?si=VsKtviTfFdCtUjAG&t=552">Source (Audio)</a>)


						</span>
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		<title>Hugo, Victor -- Les Misérables, Part 4 &#8220;Saint Denis,&#8221; Book  3 &#8220;The House in the Rue Plumet,&#8221; ch.  6 (4.3.6) (1862) [tr. Hapgood (1887)]</title>
		<link>https://wist.info/hugo-victor/75527/</link>
		<comments>https://wist.info/hugo-victor/75527/#respond</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 10 Mar 2025 22:40:03 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Dave</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Hugo, Victor]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[boldness]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[courage]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[fear]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[gender roles]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[love]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[men]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[role reversal]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[romance]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[sexes]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[timidity]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[true love]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[women]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[youth]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[Strange to say, the first symptom of true love in a young man is timidity; in a young girl it is boldness. This is surprising, and yet nothing is more simple. It is the two sexes tending to approach each other and assuming each the other&#8217;s qualities. [Et puis, chose bizarre, le premier symptôme de [&#8230;]]]></description>
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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Strange to say, the first symptom of true love in a young man is timidity; in a young girl it is boldness. This is surprising, and yet nothing is more simple. It is the two sexes tending to approach each other and assuming each the other&#8217;s qualities.</p>
<p><em>[Et puis, chose bizarre, le premier symptôme de l’amour vrai chez un jeune homme, c’est la timidité, chez une jeune fille, c’est la hardiesse. Ceci étonne, et rien n’est plus simple pourtant. Ce sont les deux sexes qui tendent à se rapprocher et qui prennent les qualités l’un de l’autre.]</em></p>
<br><b>Victor Hugo</b> (1802–1885) French writer, journalist, human rights activist, politician<br><i>Les Misérables</i>, Part 4 &#8220;Saint Denis,&#8221; Book  3 &#8220;The House in the Rue Plumet,&#8221; ch.  6 (4.3.6) (1862) [tr. Hapgood (1887)] 
									<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(<a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Les_Mis%C3%A9rables/Volume_4/Book_Third/Chapter_6#:~:text=strange%20to%20say%2C%20the%20first%20symptom%20of%20true%20love%20in%20a%20young%20man%20is%20timidity%3B%20in%20a%20young%20girl%20it%20is%20boldness." target="_blank">Source</a>)
										<br><br><span class="cite">
						

(<a href="https://fr.wikisource.org/wiki/Les_Mis%C3%A9rables/Tome_4/Livre_03/06#:~:text=Et%20puis%2C%20chose%20bizarre%2C%20le%20premier%20sympt%C3%B4me%20de%20l%E2%80%99amour%20vrai%20chez%20un%20jeune%20homme%2C%20c%E2%80%99est%20la%20timidit%C3%A9%2C%20chez%20une%20jeune%20fille%2C%20c%E2%80%99est%20la%20hardiesse.%20Ceci%20%C3%A9tonne%2C%20et%20rien%20n%E2%80%99est%20plus%20simple%20pourtant.%20Ce%20sont%20les%20deux%20sexes%20qui%20tendent%20%C3%A0%20se%20rapprocher%20et%20qui%20prennent%20les%20qualit%C3%A9s%20l%E2%80%99un%20de%20l%E2%80%99autre.">Source (French)</a>). Other translations:<br><br>

<blockquote>Oddly enough, the first symptom of true love in a young man is timidity, in a young woman, boldness. This is surprising, and yet nothing is more natural. It is the two sexes tending to unite, and each acquiring the qualities of the other.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.43835/page/n767/mode/2up?q=%22first+symptom+of+true+love%22">Wilbour</a> (1862)]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote>Strange it is, the first symptom of true love in a young man is timidity; in a girl it is boldness.   This will surprise, and yet nothing is more simple; the two sexes have a tendency to approach, and each assumes the qualities of the other.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://archive.org/details/lesmiserables0000vict_z1p0/page/n947/mode/2up?q=%22first+symptom+of+true+love%22">Wraxall</a> (1862)]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote>And besides, although shyness is the first sign of true love in a youth, boldness is its token in a maid. This may seem strange, but nothing could be more simple. The sexes are drawing close, and in doing so each assumes the qualities of the other.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://archive.org/details/lesmiserables0000tran/page/774/mode/2up?q=%22sign+of+true+love%22">Denny</a> (1976)]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote>And then, oddly enough, the first symptom of true love in a man is timidity, in a young woman, boldness. This is surprising, and yet nothing is more natural. It is the two sexes tending to unite, and each acquiring the qualities of the other.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://archive.org/details/lesmisrabl1987hugo/page/896/mode/2up?q=%22symptom+of+true+love%22">Wilbour/Fahnestock/MacAfee</a> (1987)] </blockquote><br>




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		<title>Adams, John -- Essay (1765-09-30), &#8220;A Dissertation on the Canon and the Feudal Law,&#8221; No. 3, Boston Gazette</title>
		<link>https://wist.info/adams-john/75227/</link>
		<comments>https://wist.info/adams-john/75227/#respond</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 27 Feb 2025 01:07:10 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Dave</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Adams, John]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[apprehension]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[fear]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[self-inflicted]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[self-restraint]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[suffering]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[timidity]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[trouble]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[The true source of our sufferings, has been our timidity.]]></description>
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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The true source of our sufferings, has been our timidity.</p>
<br><b>John Adams</b> (1735–1826) American lawyer, Founding Father, statesman, US President (1797–1801)<br>Essay (1765-09-30), &#8220;A Dissertation on the Canon and the Feudal Law,&#8221; No. 3, <i>Boston Gazette</i> 
									<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(<a href="https://founders.archives.gov/documents/Adams/06-01-02-0052-0006#:~:text=The%20true%20source%20of%20our%20sufferings%2C%20has%20been%20our%20timidity." target="_blank">Source</a>)
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		<title>Roosevelt, Theodore -- Speech (1910-04-23), &#8220;Citizenship in a Republic [The Man in the Arena],&#8221; Sorbonne, Paris</title>
		<link>https://wist.info/roosevelt-theodore/72999/</link>
		<comments>https://wist.info/roosevelt-theodore/72999/#respond</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 14 Nov 2024 23:38:12 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Dave</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Roosevelt, Theodore]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[action]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[activist]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[citizen]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[harmlessness]]></category>
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		<category><![CDATA[virtue]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[There is nothing to be done with that type of citizen of whom all that can be said is that he is harmless. Virtue which is dependent upon a sluggish circulation is not impressive. There is little place in active life for the timid good man.]]></description>
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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>There is nothing to be done with that type of citizen of whom all that can be said is that he is harmless. Virtue which is dependent upon a sluggish circulation is not impressive. There is little place in active life for the timid good man.</p>
<br><b>Theodore Roosevelt</b> (1858–1919) American politician, statesman, conservationist, writer, US President (1901–1909)<br>Speech (1910-04-23), &#8220;Citizenship in a Republic [The Man in the Arena],&#8221; Sorbonne, Paris 
									<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(<a href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/address-the-sorbonne-paris-france-citizenship-republic#:~:text=There%20is%20nothing%20to%20be%20done%20with%20that%20type%20of%20citizen%20of%20whom%20all%20that%20can%20be%20said%20is%20that%20he%20is%20harmless.%20Virtue%20which%20is%20dependent%20upon%20a%20sluggish%20circulation%20is%20not%20impressive.%20There%20is%20little%20place%20in%20active%20life%20for%20the%20timid%20good%20man." target="_blank">Source</a>)
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		<title>La Rochefoucauld, Francois -- Réflexions ou sentences et maximes morales [Reflections; or Sentences and Moral Maxims], ¶169 (1665-1678) [tr. Tancock (1959)]</title>
		<link>https://wist.info/la-rochefoucauld-francois/71362/</link>
		<comments>https://wist.info/la-rochefoucauld-francois/71362/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 19 Aug 2024 14:03:43 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Dave</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[La Rochefoucauld, Francois]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[character]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[cowardice]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[fear]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[hypocrisy]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[laziness]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[motivation]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[shame]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[sloth]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[timidity]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[virtue]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[We are held to our duty by laziness and timidity, but often our virtue gets all the credit. &#160; [Pendant que la paresse et la timidité nous retiennent dans notre devoir, notre vertu en a souvent tout l’honneur.] Appeared in the 1st ed. (1665) as: While laziness and timidity alone have the merit of keeping [&#8230;]]]></description>
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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>We are held to our duty by laziness and timidity, but often our virtue gets all the credit.<br />
&nbsp;<br />
<em>[Pendant que la paresse et la timidité nous retiennent dans notre devoir, notre vertu en a souvent tout l’honneur.]</em></p>
<br><b>François VI, duc de La Rochefoucauld</b> (1613–1680) French epigrammatist, memoirist, noble<br><i>Réflexions ou sentences et maximes morales [Reflections; or Sentences and Moral Maxims]</i>, ¶169 (1665-1678) [tr. Tancock (1959)] 
									<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(<a href="https://archive.org/details/maxims0000laro/page/54/mode/2up?q=169" target="_blank">Source</a>)
										<br><br><span class="cite">
						

Appeared in the <a href="https://fr.wikisource.org/wiki/%C5%92uvres_de_La_Rochefoucauld_-_T.1/R%C3%A9flexions_ou_sentences_et_maximes_morales#cite_note-274:~:text=Var.%C2%A0%3A%20Pendant%20que%20la%20paresse%20et%20la%20timidit%C3%A9%20ont%20seules%20le%20m%C3%A9rite%20de%20nous%20tenir%E2%80%A6%20(1665.)">1st ed.</a> (1665) as:<br><br>

<blockquote>While laziness and timidity alone have the merit of keeping us in our duty, our virtue often has all the honour.<br>
&nbsp;<br>
<em>[Pendant que la paresse et la timidité ont seules le mérite de nous tenir dans notre devoir, notre vertu en a souvent tout l’honneur.]</em></blockquote><br>

In the <a href="https://fr.wikisource.org/wiki/%C5%92uvres_de_La_Rochefoucauld_-_T.1/R%C3%A9flexions_ou_sentences_et_maximes_morales#cite_note-274:~:text=L%E2%80%99%C3%A9dition%20de%201665%20n%E2%80%99a%20pas%20le,205%2C%20220%2C%20241%2C%20266%20et%20512.">manuscript</a> version this read:<br><br>

<blockquote>Shame, laziness and timidity alone retain the merit of holding us back from our duty, while our virtue has all the honor.<br>
&nbsp;<br>
<em>[La honte, la paresse et la timidité conservent toutes seules le mérite de nous retenir dans notre devoir, pendant que notre vertu en a tout l’honneur.]</em></blockquote><br>

In a <a href="https://fr.wikisource.org/wiki/%C5%92uvres_de_La_Rochefoucauld_-_T.1/R%C3%A9flexions_ou_sentences_et_maximes_morales#cite_note-274:~:text=Dans%20une%20lettre%20de%20la,y%20a%20d%E2%80%99en%20sortir.%C2%A0%C2%BB">letter to J. Esprit</a>, La Rochefoucauld phrased it this way:<br><br>

<blockquote>It must be admitted that virtue, by which we boast of doing everything good that we do, would not always have the strength to hold us back from the rules of our duty, if laziness, timidity, or shame did not make us see the disadvantages of departing from them.<br>
&nbsp;<br>
<em>[Il faut avouer que la vertu, par qui nous nous vantons de faire tout ce que nous faisons de bien, n’aurait pas toujours la force de nous retenir dans les règles de notre devoir, si la paresse, la timidité, ou la honte ne nous faisoient voir les inconvénients qu’il y a d’en sortir.]</em></blockquote><br>

Variations of this sentiment around the hypocrisy of vices serving as virtue show up a lot in La Rochefoucauld's maxims. See the <a href="/la-rochefoucauld-francois/67276/">Epigraph</a>, and ¶¶ <a href="https://wist.info/la-rochefoucauld-francois/67416/">1</a>, <a href="/la-rochefoucauld-francois/78816/">200</a>, <a href="https://gutenberg.org/files/9105/9105-h/9105-h.htm#:~:text=205.%E2%80%94Virtue%20in%20woman%20is%20often%20the%20love%20of%20reputation%20and%20repose.">205</a>, <a href="/la-rochefoucauld-francois/58584/">218</a>, <a href="https://gutenberg.org/files/9105/9105-h/9105-h.htm#:~:text=220.%E2%80%94Vanity%2C%20shame%2C%20and%20above%20all%20disposition%2C%20often%20make%20men%20brave%20and%20women%20chaste.">220</a>, <a href="/la-rochefoucauld-francois/81168/">237</a>, <a href="https://gutenberg.org/files/9105/9105-h/9105-h.htm#:~:text=241.%E2%80%94Flirtation%20is%20at%20the%20bottom%20of%20woman%27s%20nature%2C%20although%20all%20do%20not%20practise%20it%2C%20some%20being%20restrained%20by%20fear%2C%20others%20by%20sense.">241</a>, <a href="/la-rochefoucauld-francois/82585/">253</a>, <a href="https://wist.info/la-rochefoucauld-francois/72895/">266</a>, <a href="/la-rochefoucauld-francois/71073/#:~:text=There%20are%20certain%20faults%20which%2C%20when%20displayed%20in%20a%20flattering%20light%2C%20shine%20more%20brightly%20than%20virtue%20itself.">354</a>, and <a href="/la-rochefoucauld-francois/4950/">442</a>.<br><br>

(<a href="https://fr.wikisource.org/wiki/%C5%92uvres_de_La_Rochefoucauld_-_T.1/R%C3%A9flexions_ou_sentences_et_maximes_morales#:~:text=Pendant%20que%20la%20paresse%20et%20la%20timidit%C3%A9%20nous%20retiennent%5B269%5D%20dans%20notre%20devoir%2C%20notre%20vertu%20en%20a%20souvent%5B270%5D%20tout%20l%E2%80%99honneur.">Source (French)</a>). Other translations:<br><br>

<blockquote>We are many times kept within the limits of our duty by Shame, Sloth, and Timorousness, while in the mean time our Virtue hath all the credit of it.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://quod.lib.umich.edu/e/eebo/A49597.0001.001?rgn=main;view=fulltext#:~:text=We%20are%20many%20times%20kept%20within%20the%20limits%20of%20our%20duty%20by%20Shame%2C%20Sloth%2C%20and%20Timo%E2%88%A3rousness%2C%20while%20in%20the%20mean%20time%20our%20Virtue%20hath%20all%20the%20credit%20of%20it.">Davies</a> (1669), ¶5]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote>Many People are kept within their Duty, because they have not the Courage, or will not be at the pains of being wicked; and in such cases oftentimes our Vertue runs away with all the Praise.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://quod.lib.umich.edu/e/eebo/A49601.0001.001?rgn=main;view=fulltext#:~:text=Many%20People%20are%20kept%20within%20their%20Duty%2C%20because%20they%20have%20not%20the%20Cou%E2%88%A3rage%2C%20or%20will%20not%20be%20at%20the%20pains%20of%20being%20wicked%3B%20and%20in%20such%20cases%20oftentimes%20our%20Vertue%20runs%20away%20with%20all%20the%20Praise.">Stanhope</a> (1694), ¶170]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote>Idleness, timidity, and shame, often keep us within the bounds of duty; whilst virtue seems to run away with the honour.<br>
[pub. <a href="https://archive.org/details/maximsandmoralr00rochgoog/page/n81/mode/2up?q=duty">Donaldson</a> (1783), ¶233; ed. <a href="https://archive.org/details/maximsmoralrefle00larouoft/page/56/mode/2up">Lepoittevin-Lacroix</a> (1797), ¶163] </blockquote><br>

<blockquote>Idleness, timidity, or shame, often keeps us within the bounds of duty; whilst virtue seems to run away with the honour of it.<br>
[ed. <a href="https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=hvd.32044019833292&view=2up&seq=65&skin=2021&q1=duty">Carvill</a> (1835), ¶202]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote>Indolence and timidity often keep us to our duty, while our virtue carries off all the credit of doing so.<br>
[ed. <a href="https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=nyp.33433075829600&view=2up&seq=95&skin=2021&q1=duty">Gowens</a> (1851), ¶172]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote>Idleness and fear keeps us in the path of duty, but our virtue often gets the praise.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://gutenberg.org/files/9105/9105-h/9105-h.htm#:~:text=Idleness%20and%20fear%20keeps%20us%20in%20the%20path%20of%20duty%2C%20but%20our%20virtue%20often%20gets%20the%20praise.">Bund / Friswell</a> (1871), ¶169] </blockquote><br>

<blockquote>Although it is frequently laziness and timidity that keep us within the path of duty, it is virtue that reaps the credit.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://www.google.com/books/edition/Maxims_of_Le_Duc_de_La_Rochefoucauld/eq89AQAAMAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=%22frequently%20laziness%22">Heard</a> (1917), ¶169]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote>Though indolence and timidity keep us to the path of duty, virtue often gets all the credit.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://www.google.com/books/edition/The_Maxims_of_Fran%C3%A7ois_Duc_de_La_Rochef/MhZEAAAAYAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=%22169%20though%22">Stevens</a> (1939), ¶169]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote>When laziness or cowardice keeps us to the path of duty, the credit is often given entirely to our honour.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://archive.org/details/maximsofducdelar0000laro/page/64/mode/2up?q=169">FitzGibbon</a> (1957), ¶169] </blockquote><br>

<blockquote>When laziness and timidity yokes us to our duties, we often give virtue the credit for it.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://archive.org/details/maximsoflarochef00laro/page/64/mode/2up?q=169">Kronenberger</a> (1959), ¶169] </blockquote><br>

<blockquote>While it is idleness and timidity that retain us in our duty, our <i>virtue</i> takes all the credit.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://thomaswhichello.com/a-translation-of-reflections-or-sentences-and-moral-maxims-by-francois-de-la-rochefoucauld/#:~:text=While%20it%20is%20idleness%20and%20timidity%20that%C2%A0retain%C2%A0us%20in%20our%20duty%2C%20our%20virtue%20takes%20all%20the%20credit.">Whichello</a> (2016), ¶169]</blockquote><br>						</span>
					]]></content:encoded>
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		<title>Anstey, F. -- Tourmalin&#8217;s Time Cheques, Prologue (1885)</title>
		<link>https://wist.info/anstey-f/68329/</link>
		<comments>https://wist.info/anstey-f/68329/#respond</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 03 Apr 2024 17:35:09 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Dave</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Anstey, F.]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[cowardice]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[fear]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[strength]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[temptation]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[timidity]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[willpower]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[He was not a strong-minded man; but he had one quality which is almost as valuable a safeguard against temptation as strength of mind &#8212; namely, timidity.]]></description>
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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>He was not a strong-minded man; but he had one quality which is almost as valuable a safeguard against temptation as strength of mind &#8212; namely, timidity.</p>
<br><b>F. Anstey</b> (1856–1934) English novelist and journalist (pseud. of Thomas Anstey Guthrie)<br><i>Tourmalin&#8217;s Time Cheques</i>, Prologue (1885) 
									<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(<a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Tourmalin%27s_Time_Cheques/Prologue#:~:text=He%20was%20not%20a%20strong%2Dminded%20man%3B%20but%20he%20had%20one%20quality%20which%20is%20almost%20as%20valuable%20a%20safeguard%20against%20temptation%20as%20strength%20of%20mind%E2%80%94namely%2C%20timidity." target="_blank">Source</a>)
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		<title>Billings, Josh -- Everybody&#8217;s Friend, Or; Josh Billing&#8217;s Encyclopedia and Proverbial Philosophy of Wit and Humor, &#8220;Lobstir Sallad&#8221; (1874)</title>
		<link>https://wist.info/billings-josh/41516/</link>
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		<pubDate>Thu, 30 Apr 2020 20:46:18 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Dave</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Billings, Josh]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[experience]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[fear]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[hesitation]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[lessons]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[memory]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[timidity]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[wisdom]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[Experience makes more timid men than it duz wise ones. [Experience makes more timid men than it does wise ones.]]]></description>
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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Experience makes more timid men than it duz wise ones.</p>
<p>[Experience makes more timid men than it does wise ones.]</p>
<br><b>Josh Billings</b> (1818–1885) American humorist, aphorist [pseud. of Henry Wheeler Shaw]<br><i>Everybody&#8217;s Friend, Or; Josh Billing&#8217;s Encyclopedia and Proverbial Philosophy of Wit and Humor</i>, &#8220;Lobstir Sallad&#8221; (1874) 
									<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(<a href="https://books.google.com/books?id=7rA8AAAAYAAJ&vq=%22timid%20men%22&pg=PA211#v=snippet&q=%22timid%20men%22&f=false" target="_blank">Source</a>)
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		<title>Colton, Charles Caleb -- Lacon: Or, Many Things in Few Words, Vol. 1, § 363 (1820)</title>
		<link>https://wist.info/colton-charles-caleb/33898/</link>
		<comments>https://wist.info/colton-charles-caleb/33898/#respond</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 24 May 2016 13:19:46 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Dave</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Colton, Charles Caleb]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[age]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[caution]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[getting old]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[growing old]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[maturity]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[mistrust]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[over-confidence]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[rashness]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[self-confidence]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[timidity]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[trust]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[youth]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[When young, we trust ourselves too much, and we trust others too little when old. Rashness is the error of youth, timid caution of age.]]></description>
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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>When young, we trust ourselves too much, and we trust others too little when old. Rashness is the error of youth, timid caution of age. </p>
<br><b>Charles Caleb "C. C." Colton</b> (1780–1832) English cleric, writer, aphorist<br><i>Lacon: Or, Many Things in Few Words</i>, Vol. 1, § 363 (1820) 
									<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(<a href="https://www.google.com/books/edition/Lacon_Or_Many_Things_in_Few_Words/PHMlAAAAMAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=ccclxiii" target="_blank">Source</a>)
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		<title>Sallust -- Bellum Catilinae [The War of Catiline; The Conspiracy of Catiline], ch. 58, sent. 19 [tr. Rolfe (1931)]</title>
		<link>https://wist.info/sallust/25335/</link>
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		<pubDate>Thu, 15 May 2014 12:15:50 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Dave</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Sallust]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[bravery]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[courage]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[cowardice]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[fear]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[inevitability]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[necessity]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[need]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[timidity]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[Your spirit, youth, and valour give me heart, not to mention necessity, which makes even the timid brave. [Animus, aetas, virtus vostra me hortantur, praeterea necessitudo, que etiam timidos fortis facit.] Catiline, addressing his troops. Usually shortened to &#8220;Necessity makes even the timid brave&#8221; [Necessitas etiam timidos fortes facit.]. Original Latin. Other translations: &#8220;From your [&#8230;]]]></description>
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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Your spirit, youth, and valour give me heart, not to mention necessity, which makes even the timid brave. </p>
<p><em>[Animus, aetas, virtus vostra me hortantur, praeterea necessitudo, que etiam timidos fortis facit.]</em></p>
<br><b>Sallust</b> (c. 86–35 BC) Roman historian and politician [Gaius Sallustius Crispus]<br><i>Bellum Catilinae [The War of Catiline; The Conspiracy of Catiline]</i>, ch. 58, sent. 19 [tr. Rolfe (1931)] 
									<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(<a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_War_With_Catiline#XI:~:text=But%20at%20first%20men%E2%80%99s%20souls%20were,qualities%2C%20rely%20upon%20craft%20and%20deception." target="_blank">Source</a>)
										<br><br><span class="cite">
						

Catiline, addressing his troops. Usually shortened to "Necessity makes even the timid brave" <em>[Necessitas etiam timidos fortes facit.]</em>. <a href="https://www.google.com/books/edition/The_Bellum_Catilinae_of_C_Sallustius_Cri/HndKAAAAIAAJ">Original Latin</a>.<br><br>

Other translations:<ul>
	<li>"From your youthful vigor and undaunted courage I expect every advantage. Even the difficulties of our situation inspire me with confidence; for difficulties have often produced prodigies of valor." [tr. <a href="https://www.google.com/books/edition/The_Works_of_Sallust/YX0LAAAAYAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=%22our%20situation%20inspire%20me%22&dq=sallust%20bellum%20catilinae%20translation&pg=PA102&printsec=frontcover">Murphy</a> (1807)]</li>
	<li>"Your spirit, your age, your virtue encourage me; and our necessity, too, which even inspires cowards with bravery." [tr. <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/History_of_Catiline%E2%80%99s_Conspiracy#LXI:~:text=%3A%20your%20spirit%2C%20your%20age%2C%20your,which%20even%20inspires%20cowards%20with%20bravery">Rose</a> (1831), ch. 61]</li>
	<li>"Your spirit, your age, your valour encourage me, the necessity moreover which makes even the timid brave." [<a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_Catiline_Conspiracy#LVIII:~:text=Your%20spirit%2C%20your%20age%2C%20your%20valour,which%20makes%20even%20the%20timid%20brave.">Source</a> (1841)]</li>
	<li>"Your spirit, your age, your valor, give me confidence; to say nothing of necessity, which makes even cowards brave." [tr. <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Conspiracy_of_Catiline#LVIII:~:text=Your%20spirit%2C%20your%20age%2C%20your%20valor%2C,necessity%2C%20which%20makes%20even%20cowards%20brave.">Watson</a> (1867)]</li>
	<li>"Your resolution, your age, and your courage, and above all the inevitable nature of the encounter, which often makes even the timid brave, exhort me to this." [tr. <a href="https://www.google.com/books/edition/Catiline_and_Jugurtha/QHBMAQAAMAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=%22your%20resolution%2C%20your%20age%22&dq=sallust%20bellum%20catilinae%20translation&pg=PA60&printsec=frontcover">Pollard</a> (1882)]</li>
</ul>
						</span>
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		<title>Horace -- Epistles [Epistularum, Letters], Book 2, ep.  3 &#8220;Art of Poetry [Ars Poetica; To the Pisos],&#8221; l.  24ff (2.3.24-31) (19 BC) [tr. Howes (1845)]</title>
		<link>https://wist.info/horace/14582/</link>
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		<pubDate>Mon, 09 May 2011 12:52:45 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Dave</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Horace]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[bombast]]></category>
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		<description><![CDATA[Dear sire, and offspring worthy of your fire! We bards are dupes to what ourselves admire. Would I be brief &#8212; I grow confused and coarse; Who aims at smoothness, fails in fire and force; In him who soars aloft, bombast is found; Who fears to face the tempest, crawls aground. Who courts variety and [&#8230;]]]></description>
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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Dear sire, and offspring worthy of your fire!<br />
We bards are dupes to what ourselves admire.<br />
Would I be brief &#8212; I grow confused and coarse;<br />
Who aims at smoothness, fails in fire and force;<br />
In him who soars aloft, bombast is found;<br />
Who fears to face the tempest, crawls aground.<br />
Who courts variety and fain would ring<br />
A thousand changes on the self-same string,<br />
Will paint, as &#8217;twere in fancy&#8217;s wildest mood<br />
Boars in the wave and dolphins in the wood.<br />
Thus even error, shun&#8217;d without address,<br />
Breeds error, diff&#8217;rent in its kind, not less.</p>
<p><em>[Maxima pars vatum, pater et iuvenes patre digni,<br />
decipimur specie recti: brevis esse laboro,<br />
obscurus fio; sectantem levia nervi<br />
deficiunt animique; professus grandia turget;<br />
serpit humi tutus nimium timidusque procellae:<br />
qui variare cupit rem prodigialiter unam,<br />
delphinum silvis adpingit, fluctibus aprum:<br />
in vitium ducit culpae fuga, si caret arte.]</em></p>
<br><b>Horace</b> (65–8 BC) Roman poet, satirist, soldier, politician [Quintus Horatius Flaccus]<br><i>Epistles [Epistularum, Letters]</i>, Book 2, ep.  3 &#8220;Art of Poetry <i>[Ars Poetica;</i> To the Pisos],&#8221; l.  24ff (2.3.24-31) (19 BC) [tr. Howes (1845)] 
									<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(<a href="https://www.google.com/books/edition/The_Epodes_Satires_and_Epistles_of_Horac/TPgDAAAAQAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=%22would%20I%20be%20brief%22" target="_blank">Source</a>)
										<br><br><span class="cite">
						

(<a href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.02.0064%3Acard%3D1#:~:text=maxima%20pars%20vatum,caret%20arte.">Source (Latin)</a>). Other translations:<br><br>

<blockquote>The more deale of us Poets, both the olde, and younge most parte,<br>
Are ofte begylde by shewe of good, affectinge to muche arte.<br>
I laboure to be verye breife, it makes me verye harde.<br>
I followe flowinge easynes, my style is clearely marde<br>
For lacke of pith and saverye sence, Write loftie, thou shalte swell:<br>
He creepes by the grounde to lowe, afrayde with stormie vayne to mell.<br>
He that in varyinge one pointe muche would bringe forth monstruouse store,<br>
Would make the dolphin dwell in wooddes and in the flud the bore.<br>
The shunning of a faulte is such that now and then it will<br>
Procure a greater faulte, if it be not eschewde by skill.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://quod.lib.umich.edu/e/eebo/A03670.0001.001/1:6?rgn=div1;view=fulltext#:~:text=%22The%20more%20deale,eschewde%20by%20skill.">Drant</a> (1567)]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote>The greater part, that boast the Muses fire<br>
Father, and sons right worthy of your Sire,<br>
Are with the likenesse of the truth beguil'd:<br>
My selfe for shortnesse labour, and am stil'd<br>
Obscure. Another striving smooth to runne,<br>
Wants strength, and sinewes, as his spirits were done;<br>
His Muse professing height, and greatnesse, swells;<br>
Downe close by shore, this other creeping steales,<br>
Being over-safe, and fearing of the flaw:<br>
So he that varying still affects to draw<br>
One thing prodigiously, paints in the woods<br>
A Dolphin and a Boare amidst the floods:<br>
The shunning vice, to greater vice doth lead,<br>
If in th'escape an artlesse path we tread.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://quod.lib.umich.edu/e/eebo2/B14092.0001.001/1:9?rgn=div1;view=fulltext#:~:text=The%20greater%20part,path%20we%20tread.">Jonson</a> (1640), l. 33ff]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote>Most Poets fall into the grossest faults,<br>
Deluded by a seeming Excellence:<br>
By striving to be short, they grow Obscure,<br>
And when they would write smoothly they want strength,<br>
Their Spirits sink; while others that affect,<br>
A lofty Stile, swell to a Tympany;<br>
Some timerous wretches start at every blast,<br>
And fearing Tempests, dare not leave the Shore.<br>
Others in love with wild variety,<br>
Draw Boars in Waves, and Dolphins in a Wood;<br>
Thus fear of Erring, joyn'd with want of Skill,<br>
Is a most certain way of Erring still.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Horace%27s_Art_of_Poetry_(1680,_Roscommon)/Of_the_Art_of_Poetry#:~:text=Most%20Poets%20fall,of%20Erring%20still.">Roscommon</a> (1680)]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote>But oft, our greatest errors take their rise <br>
From our best views. I strive to be concise; <br>
I prove obscure. My strength, my fire decays, <br>
When in pursuit of elegance and ease. <br>
Aiming at greatness, some to fustian soar; <br>
Some in cold safety creep along the shore, <br>
Too much afraid of storms; while he, who tries <br>
With ever-varying wonders to surprise, <br>
In the broad forest bids his dolphins play, <br>
And paints his boars disporting in the sea. <br>
Thus, injudicious, while one fault we shun, <br>
Into its opposite extreme we run.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://archive.org/details/satiresepistlesi00hora/page/278/mode/2up?q=%22I+strive+to%22">Francis</a> (1747)]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote>Lov'd sire! lov'd sons, well worthy such a sire!<br>
Most bards are dupes to beauties they admire.<br>
Proud to be brief, for brevity must please,<br>
I grow obscure; the follower of ease<br>
Wants nerve and soul; the lover of sublime<br>
Swells to bombast; while he who dreads that crime,<br>
Too fearful of the whirlwind rising round,<br>
A wretched reptile, creeps along the ground.<br>
The bard, ambitious fancies who displays,<br>
And tortures one poor thought a thousand ways,<br>
Heaps prodigies on prodigies; in woods<br>
Pictures the dolphin, and the boar in floods!<br>
Thus ev'n the fear of faults to faults betrays,<br>
Unless a master-hand conduct the lays.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/9175/pg9175-images.html#:~:text=Lov%27d%20fire!%20lov%27d,conduct%20the%20lays.">Coleman</a> (1783)]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote>The great majority of us poets, father, and youths worthy such a father, are misled by the appearance of right. I labor to be concise, I become obscure: nerves and spirit fail him, that aims at the easy: one, that pretends to be sublime, proves bombastical: he who is too cautious and fearful of the storm, crawls along the ground: he who wants to vary his subject in a marvelous manner, paints the dolphin in the woods, the boar in the sea. The avoiding of an error leads to a fault, if it lack skill.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.02.0065%3Acard%3D1#:~:text=The%20great%20majority,it%20lack%20skill.">Smart/Buckley</a> (1853)]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote>Ye worthy trio! we poor sons of song<br>
Oft find 'tis fancied right that leads us wrong.<br>
I prove obscure in trying to be terse;<br>
Attempts at ease emasculate my verse;<br>
Who aims at grandeur into bombast falls;<br>
Who fears to stretch his pinions creeps and crawls;<br>
Who hopes by strange variety to please<br>
Puts dolphins among forests, boars in seas.<br>
Thus zeal to 'scape from error, if unchecked<br>
By sense of art, creates a new defect.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_Satires,_Epistles_%26_Art_of_Poetry_of_Horace/Ars_Poetica#:~:text=Ye%20worthy%20trio,a%20new%20defect.">Conington</a> (1874)]</blockquote><br>



<blockquote>We poets, most of us, by the pretence,<br>
Dear friends, are duped of seeming excellence. <br>
We grow obscure in striving to be terse; <br>
Aiming at ease, we enervate our verse; <br>
For grandeur soaring, into bombast fall, <br>
And, dreading that, like merest reptiles crawl; <br>
Whilst he, who seeks his readers to surprise <br>
With common things shown in uncommon wise, <br>
Will make his dolphins through the forests roam. <br>
His wild boars ride upon the billows' foam. <br>
So unskilled writers, in their haste to shun <br>
One fault, are apt into a worse to run.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://archive.org/details/worksofhorace02horauoft/page/376/mode/2up?q=%22We+grow+obscure%22">Martin</a> (1881)]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote>The greater part of us poets, O ye Father and Sons worthy of your parent, deceive ourselves under our illusion of what is right. I strive to write briefly,  and so write obscurely. Compositions of a smooth nature argue a writer's deficiency both in force and spirit. An attempt at great subjects swells into bombast. A too cautious writer, and dreader of opposition, confines himself to common things. One who desires to amplify a single theme in an extravagant way, puts a dophin innto a wood, and a wild boar into the sea. The avoidance of one error, if unguarded by art, leads to another.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://www.google.com/books/edition/The_Works_of_Horace/-f8pAAAAYAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=%22write%20briefly%22">Elgood</a> (1893)] </blockquote><br>

<blockquote>Most of us poets are misled by insistence upon our idea of what is right. I try to be brief and I become obscure; aiming at smoothness, we lose in vigor and spirit; attempting the sublime, we become turgid. Timid of the storm, we crawl along the ground. Thus if one lacks art, the over careful avoidance of one fault leads to another.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://www.google.com/books/edition/Horace_Quintus_Horatius_Flaccus/45ZEAQAAIAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=%22try%20to%20be%20brief%22">Dana/Dana</a> (1911)] </blockquote><br>

<blockquote>Most of us poets, O father and ye sons worthy of the father, deceive ourselves by the semblance of truth. Striving to be brief, I become obscure. Aiming at smoothness, I fail in force and fire. One promising grandeur, is bombastic; another, overcautious and fearful of the gale, creeps along the ground. The man who tries to vary a single subject in monstrous fashion, is like a painter adding a dolphin to the woods, a boar to the waves. Shunning a fault may lead to error, if there be lack of art.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://archive.org/details/satiresepistlesa00horauoft/page/452/mode/2up?q=%22Stri%5Cing+to+be%22">Fairclough</a> (Loeb) (1926)]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote>Most of us poets -- O father, and sons worthy of your father, -- are misled by our idea of what is correct. I try to be terse, and end by being obscure; another strives after smoothness, to the sacrifice of vigour and spirit; a third aims at grandeur, and drops into bombast; a fourth, through an excess of caution and fear of squalls, goes creeping along the ground. He who is bent on lending variety to a theme that is by nature uniform, so as to produce an unnatural effect, is like a man who paints a dolphin in a forest or a wild boar in the waves. If artistic feeling is not there, mere avoidance of a fault leads to some worse defect.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://archive.org/details/completeworksofh0000casp_g2w3/page/398/mode/2up?q=%22try+to+be+terse%22">Blakeney</a>; ed. Kraemer (1936)]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote>O father, and sons who deserve a father like yours,<br>
We poets are too often tricked into trying to achieve<br>
A particular kind of perfection: I studiously try<br>
To be brief, and become obscure; I try to be smooth, <br>
And my vigor and force disappear; another assures us<br>
Of something big which turns out to be merely pompous.<br>
Another one crawls on the ground because he's too safe,<br>
Too much afraid of the storm. The poet who strives<br>
To vary his single subject in wonderful ways<br>
Paints dolphins in woods and foaming boars on the waves.<br>
Avoiding mistakes, if awkwardly done, leads to an error.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://archive.org/details/satiresanndepist0000hora/page/272/mode/2up?q=%22who+deserve+a+father%22">Palmer Bovie</a> (1959)]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote>Most poets, father and young men deserving such a father,<br>
go wrong in trying to be right: I struggle for concision,<br>
I wind up being obscure; others try for smoothness<br>
and lose strength, or for sublimit, and get gas.<br>
One poet, too cautious, fears storms and craws along,<br>
the other craves bizarre variety in a single subject<br>
and paints a dolphin in a forest, a boar among the waves.<br>
Fear of criticism leads to faults if we lack art.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://archive.org/details/horacessatiresep0000hora/page/84/mode/2up?q=%22most+poets%2C+father%22">Fuchs</a> (1977)]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote>Most poets, leaders and led, <br>
Chase a will-o’-the-wisp of abstract Right. <br>
Thus: <br>
<span class="tab">I aim <br>
<span class="tab"><span class="tab">at concision, <br>
<span class="tab">I hit <br>
<span class="tab"><span class="tab">on darkness. <br>
I aim to be smooth, my lines go slack. <br>
The eloquent idealist rants and raves, <br>
The timid, the gutless, crawl like beetles, <br>
Seekers after novelty hang dolphins in trees, <br>
Float a boar in the sea: <br>
<span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab">O rare effects! <br>
<span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab">O marvelous.<br>
Ugh.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://archive.org/details/essentialhoraceo0000hora/page/238/mode/2up?q=%22lines+go+slack%22">Raffel</a> (1983 ed.)]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote>Father and worthy sons, we poets often<br>
Know what we're aiming at, and often we miss.<br>
I try my best to be terse, and I'm obscure;<br>
I try for mellifluous smoothness, smooth as can be,<br>
And the line comes out as spineless as a worm;<br>
One poet, aiming for grandeur, booms and blusters;<br>
Another one, scared, creeps his way under the storm;<br>
And another, desiring to vary his single theme<br>
In wonderful ways, produces not wonders but monsters --<br>
Dolphins up in the trees, pigs in the ocean.<br>
If you don't know what you're doing you can go wrong<br>
Just out of trying to do your best to do right.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://www.google.com/books/edition/The_Epistles_of_Horace/FUyHO-GZ9A8C?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=dolphins">Ferry</a> (2001)]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote>Poets in the main (I’m speaking to a father and his excellent sons) <br>
are baffled by the outer form of what’s right. I strive to be brief, <br>
and become obscure; I try for smoothness, and instantly lose <br>
muscle and spirit; to aim at grandeur invites inflation; <br>
excessive caution or fear of the wind induces groveling.<br>
The man who brings in marvels to vary a simple theme<br>
is painting a dolphin among the trees, a boar in the billows.<br>
Avoiding a fault will lead to error if art is missing.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://archive.org/details/satiresofhoracep00hora/page/122/mode/2up?q=%22poets+in+the+main%22">Rudd</a> (2005 ed.)]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote>Most poets (dear sir, and you sons worthy of your sire),<br>
Are beguiled by accepted form. I try to be brief<br>
And become obscure: aiming at smoothness I fail<br>
In strength and spirit: claiming grandeur <i>he’s</i> turgid:<br>
Too cautious, fearing the blast, <i>he</i> crawls on the ground:<br>
But the man who wants to distort something unnaturally<br>
Paints a dolphin among the trees, a boar in the waves.<br>
Avoiding faults leads to error, if art is lacking.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://www.poetryintranslation.com/PITBR/Latin/HoraceArsPoetica.php#anchor_Toc98156240:~:text=Most%20poets%20(dear,art%20is%20lacking.">Kline</a> (2015)]</blockquote><br>						</span>
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		<title>Publilius Syrus -- Sententiae [Moral Sayings], # 688 [tr. Lyman (1862)]</title>
		<link>https://wist.info/publilius-syrus/8803/</link>
		<comments>https://wist.info/publilius-syrus/8803/#respond</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 20 Oct 2009 12:56:14 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Dave</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Publilius Syrus]]></category>
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		<description><![CDATA[A timid man sees dangers that do not exist.]]></description>
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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>A timid man sees dangers that do not exist.</p>
<br><b>Publilius Syrus</b> (d. 42 BC) Assyrian slave, writer, philosopher [less correctly Publius Syrus]<br><i>Sententiae [Moral Sayings]</i>, # 688 [tr. Lyman (1862)] 
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		<title>Fuller, Thomas (1654) -- Gnomologia: Adages and Proverbs (compiler), # 2353 (1732)</title>
		<link>https://wist.info/fuller-thomas-1654/1564/</link>
		<comments>https://wist.info/fuller-thomas-1654/1564/#respond</comments>
		<pubDate>Sun, 01 Feb 2004 16:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Dave</dc:creator>
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		<description><![CDATA[He that will not sail till all Dangers are over, must never put out to Sea.]]></description>
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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>He that will not sail till all Dangers are over, must never put out to Sea.</p>
<br><b>Thomas Fuller</b> (1654–1734) English physician, preacher, aphorist, writer<br><i>Gnomologia: Adages and Proverbs</i> (compiler), # 2353 (1732) 
									<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(<a href="https://www.google.com/books/edition/Gnomologia/3y8JAAAAQAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=thomas%20fuller%20gnomologia&pg=PR1&printsec=frontcover&bsq=2353" target="_blank">Source</a>)
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		<title>Macaulay, Thomas Babington -- &#8220;John Hampden,&#8221; Essays Contributed to the Edinburgh Review, Vol. 1 (1843)</title>
		<link>https://wist.info/macaulay-thomas-babington/2624/</link>
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		<pubDate>Sun, 01 Feb 2004 16:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Dave</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Macaulay, Thomas Babington]]></category>
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		<description><![CDATA[Hampden, on the other hand, was for vigorous and decisive measures. When he drew the sword, as Clarendon has well aid, he threw away the scabbard. He had shown that he knew better than any public man of his time how to value and how to practice moderation. He knew that the essence of war [&#8230;]]]></description>
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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Hampden, on the other hand, was for vigorous and decisive measures. When he drew the sword, as Clarendon has well aid, he threw away the scabbard. He had shown that he knew better than any public man of his time how to value and how to practice moderation. He knew that the essence of war is violence, and that moderation in war is imbecility.</p>
<br><b>Thomas Babington Macaulay</b> (1800–1859) English writer and politician<br>&#8220;John Hampden,&#8221; <i>Essays Contributed to the Edinburgh Review</i>, Vol. 1 (1843) 
									<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(<a href="https://www.google.com/books/edition/Lord_Macaulay_s_Essays_And_Lays_of_Ancie/BHYRAAAAYAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=%22essence%20of%20war%20is%20violence%22%20macaulay&pg=PA233&printsec=frontcover&bsq=%22essence%20of%20war%20is%20violence%22%20macaulay" target="_blank">Source</a>)
										<br><br><span class="cite">
						

Review of Lord Nugent, <i>Some Memorials of John Hampden, His Party, and His Times</i> (1831).						</span>
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                <!-- DCH Modify the title to give the category (quote author) at the beginning of it. -->
		<title>Dante Alighieri -- The Divine Comedy [Divina Commedia], Book 1 &#8220;Inferno,&#8221; Canto  3, l.  34ff (3.34-42) [Virgil] (1309) [tr. Binyon (1943)]</title>
		<link>https://wist.info/dante-alighieri-poet/399/</link>
		<comments>https://wist.info/dante-alighieri-poet/399/#respond</comments>
		<pubDate>Sun, 01 Feb 2004 16:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Dave</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Dante Alighieri]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[amorality]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[cowardice]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[disloyalty]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[exile]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[inaction]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[lukewarm]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[neutrality]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[pusillanimity]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[self-interest]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[separation]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[shunning]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[timidity]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[uncommitted]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[These miserable ways The forlorn spirits endure of those who spent Life without infamy and without praise. They are mingled with that caitiff rabblement Of the angels, who rebelled not, yet avowed To God no loyalty, on themselves intent. Heaven chased them forth, lest, being there, they cloud Its beauty, and the deep Hell refuses [&#8230;]]]></description>
        <!-- DCH Insert author info (category description) then (Source) and then put the extra info (MORE) below that. -->
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><span class="tab"><span class="tab">These miserable ways<br />
<span class="tab">The forlorn spirits endure of those who spent<br />
<span class="tab">Life without infamy and without praise.<br />
They are mingled with that caitiff rabblement<br />
<span class="tab">Of the angels, who rebelled not, yet avowed<br />
<span class="tab">To God no loyalty, on themselves intent.<br />
Heaven chased them forth, lest, being there, they cloud<br />
<span class="tab">Its beauty, and the deep Hell refuses them,<br />
<span class="tab">For, beside these, the wicked might be proud.</p>
<p><em><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab">[Questo misero modo<br />
<span class="tab">tegnon l’anime triste di coloro<br />
<span class="tab">che visser sanza ’nfamia e sanza lodo.<br />
Mischiate sono a quel cattivo coro<br />
<span class="tab">de li angeli che non furon ribelli<br />
<span class="tab">né fur fedeli a Dio, ma per sé fuoro.<br />
Caccianli i ciel per non esser men belli,<br />
<span class="tab">né lo profondo inferno li riceve,<br />
<span class="tab">ch’alcuna gloria i rei avrebber d’elli.]</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></em></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
<br><b>Dante Alighieri</b> (1265–1321) Italian poet<br><i>The Divine Comedy [Divina Commedia]</i>, Book 1 <i>&#8220;Inferno,&#8221;</i> Canto  3, l.  34ff (3.34-42) [Virgil] (1309) [tr. Binyon (1943)] 
									<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(<a href="https://archive.org/details/portabledante00dant/page/14/mode/2up?q=%22miserable+ways%22" target="_blank">Source</a>)
										<br><br><span class="cite">
						

This passage is likely the basis for John F. Kennedy's famous paraphrase, which he credited to Dante:<br><br>

<blockquote>The hottest places in hell are reserved for those who in a period of moral crisis maintain their neutrality.</blockquote><br>

That was originally written (and ascribed to Dante) by Henry Powell Spring in 1944. JFK used it multiple times, including in a speech as President in Germany a few days before his famous "Ich bin ein Berliner" speech. (More info on this paraphrase <a href="https://quoteinvestigator.com/2015/01/14/hottest/">here</a>.)<br><br>

Dante (and, thus, Dante's cosmos) judges based on action. Thus he ranks those who would not act, pusillanimous neutrals both earthly and heavenly, as worse than even those who have acted for evil ends, and the first whose punishment we get to see. Though they committed no evil acts, they also failed to commit good ones, allowing evil to flourish. Even the tortured denizens of Hell would consider themselves their betters, thus their not being allowed in that infernal realm. Rejecting Heaven and Hell, they are blocked from either. While undergoing some corporal punishment, far worse is that, having stood only for themselves, they are robbed of their identity, nameless for all eternity (ll. 46-51).<br><br>

Compare this sentiment to Revelation 3:15-16:<br><br>

<blockquote>I know thy works, that thou art neither cold nor hot: I would thou wert cold or hot. So then because thou art lukewarm, and neither cold nor hot, I will spue thee out of my mouth.</blockquote><br>

(<a href="https://it.wikisource.org/wiki/Divina_Commedia/Inferno/Canto_III#:~:text=Questo%20misero%20modo,rei%20avrebber%20d%E2%80%99elli">Source (Italian)</a>). Other translations:<br><br>

<blockquote>These doleful Beings, he reply'd, have liv'd<br>
In Indolence, without or blame or praise.<br>
Angels are mix'd with this unhappy band,<br>
Who neither Rebels, nor yet faithful were<br>
To God, but liv'd sequestered by themselves.<br>
These Heavn' discarded for being too remiss,<br>
Nor did e'en Hell this lukewarm herd receive;<br>
That Favour might not to the damnn'd be shewn.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://www.google.com/books/edition/The_Inferno_of_Dante_Translated/1ARcAAAAQAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=%22doleful%20Beings%22">Rogers</a> (1782), ll. 30-37]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote>Behold th' ignoble sons of sloth and shame,<br>
Who scorn'd alike the voice of praise and blame,<br>
<span class="tab">Nor dreaded punishment, nor sought reward.<br>
Mingled they march with that degen'rate brood,<br>
Who when the Rebel of the sky withstood<br>
<span class="tab">His sov'reign Lord, aloof their squadrons held:<br>
Viewing with selfish eye the fierce debate,<br>
Till, from the confines of the heav'nly state,<br>
<span class="tab">Trembling they saw the rebel host expell'd.<br>
Nor bore the victor-Lord the alien race,<br>
But straight, the foul pollution to efface,<br>
<span class="tab">Hurl'd them indignant from the bounds of light:<br>
This frontier then the dastard crew receiv'd,<br>
Nor deeply damn'd, altho' of bliss bereav'd,<br>
<span class="tab">And doom'd to wander on the verge of night';<br>
They suffer here, lest yon' more guilty train<br>
of crimes unequal, doom'd to equal pain,<br>
<span class="tab">Blaspheming Heavn'n, should make their impious boast.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://archive.org/details/divinacommediaof01dantuoft/page/110/mode/2up?q=%22floth+and+fhame%22">Boyd</a> (1802), st. 8-11] </blockquote><br>

<blockquote><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab">This miserable fate<br>
<span class="tab">Suffer the wretched souls of those, who liv'd<br>
<span class="tab">Without or praise or blame, with that ill band<br>
Of angels mix'd, who nor rebellious prov'd<br>
<span class="tab">Nor yet were true to God, but for themselves<br>
<span class="tab">Were only.  From his bounds Heaven drove them forth,<br>
Not to impair his lustre, nor the depth<br>
<span class="tab">Of Hell receives them, lest th' accursed tribe<br>
<span class="tab">Should glory thence with exultation vain.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://www.gutenberg.org/files/8789/8789-h/8789-h.htm#link3:~:text=He%20thus%20to,with%20exultation%20vain.%22">Cary</a> (1814)]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab">The miserable crew <br>
<span class="tab">Of souls now lingers in this piteous mood,<br>
<span class="tab">To whom, alive, nor blame nor praise was due.<br>
Commingled are they with that caitiff brood <br>
<span class="tab">Of angel natures, which nor dared rebel, <br>
<span class="tab">Nor yet kept faith, but selfish ends pursued.<br>
Them, not to be less fair, must heaven expel, <br>
<span class="tab">Nor the abyss receive, lest their dispraise <br>
<span class="tab">Redound for glory to the sons of hell.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://archive.org/details/infernodanteali02daymgoog/page/n24/mode/2up?q=%22miserable+crew%22">Dayman</a> (1843)]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote><span class="tab">This miserable mode the dreary souls of those sustain, who lived without blame, and without praise.<br>
<span class="tab">They are mixed with that caitiff choire of the angels, who were not rebellious nor were faithful to God; but were for themselves.<br>
<span class="tab">Heaven chased them forth to keep its beauty from impair; and deep Hell receives them not, for the wicked wouild have some glory over them.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://www.google.com/books/edition/The_Inferno/WqpEAAAAYAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=%22miserable%20mode%22">Carlyle</a> (1849)]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab">This miserable lot<br>
<span class="tab">Possess the souls of those whose living days<br>
<span class="tab">Passed not with infamy, nor yet with praise.<br>
Immingled they are in the caitiff choir<br>
<span class="tab">Of neutral angels, for themselves that stood -- <br>
<span class="tab">Neither rebelled nor loyal were to God.<br>
The heavens have chased them, for they'd sully heaven --<br>
<span class="tab">The infernal depths receive them not, because<br>
<span class="tab">No glory can the wicked have by those.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://archive.org/details/comedyofdanteal00dant/page/10/mode/2up?q=%22miserable+lot%22">Bannerman</a> (1850)]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab">This state of misery is held<br>
<span class="tab">By the sad spirits of those, who in their lives<br>
<span class="tab">Knew neither act of infamy nor praise.<br>
And they are mingl'd with the wicked choir<br>
<span class="tab">Of Angels who, not rebels to their God,<br>
<span class="tab">Were yet not faithful, knowing but themselves;<br>
Cast forth that Heav'n's pure beauty be not stain'd,<br>
<span class="tab">nto Hell's gloomy depths permitted not<br>
<span class="tab">Lest they be cause of glory to the lost.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://www.google.com/books/edition/A_Translation_of_Dante_s_Inferno/dzvcz2MMLLMC?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=%22state%20of%20misery%22">Johnston</a> (1867)]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab">This miserable mode<br>
<span class="tab">⁠Maintain the melancholy souls of those<br>
⁠<span class="tab">Who lived withouten infamy or praise.<br>
Commingled are they with that caitiff choir<br>
<span class="tab">⁠Of Angels, who have not rebellious been,<br>
<span class="tab">⁠Nor faithful were to God, but were for self.<br>
The heavens expelled them, not to be less fair;<br>
<span class="tab">⁠Nor them the nethermore abyss receives,<br>
<span class="tab">⁠For glory none the damned would have from them.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Divine_Comedy_(Longfellow_1867)/Volume_1/Canto_3#:~:text=And%20he%20to%20me%3A%20%22This,damned%20would%20have%20from%20them.%22">Longfellow</a> (1867)]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote>This wretched fashion keep the sorry souls of those who lived without infamy and without praise. They are mingled with that caitiff band of the angels who were not rebel, nor were faithful to God, but were for themselves. Heaven chased them, that it should not be less fair, nor does the deep hell receive them, since the damned would have some boasting of them.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://archive.org/details/dli.granth.92729/page/30/mode/2up?q=%22wretched+fashion%22">Butler</a> (1885)]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab">After this fashion drear<br>
<span class="tab">These wretched souls their after-life pursue<br>
<span class="tab">Who both from infamy and praise lived clear. <br>
Mingled they are with that contemptible crew<br>
<span class="tab">Of angels who would not rebellion dare,<br>
<span class="tab">Not faithful Godwards, to themselves but true. <br>
Heaven drove them out, lest it might be less fair, <br>
<span class="tab">Neither received them deepest Hell's domain, <br>
<span class="tab">That from them, evil should no glory share.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://archive.org/details/divinecomedyofda00dantrich/page/10/mode/2up?q=%22fashion+drear%22">Minchin</a> (1885)]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote>This miserable measure the wretched souls maintain of those who lived without infamy and without praise. Mingled are they with that caitiff choir of the angels, who were not rebels, nor were faithful to God, but were for themselves. The heavens chased them out in order to be not less beautiful, nor doth the depth of Hell receive them, because the damned would have some glory from them.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://www.gutenberg.org/files/1995/1995-h/1995-h.htm#cantoI.III:~:text=And%20he%20to%20me%2C%20%E2%80%9CThis,have%20some%20glory%20from%20them.%E2%80%9D">Norton</a> (1892)]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote>Such hapless state the joyless souls of those sustain, who lived their lives untouched by either infamy or praise. They are huddled together with that base crew of angels who rose not in revolt, nor kept their faith with God, but were for self alone. Heaven drave them out that its brightness might remain undimmed; nor doth the depth of Hell receive them, for the damned would glory over them.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://archive.org/details/comedydantealig00sullgoog/page/n28/mode/2up?q=%22such+hapless+state%22">Sullivan</a> (1893)]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab">This miserable condition <br>
<span class="tab">Keeps the sad souls of those who in their lifetime <br>
<span class="tab">Were without infamy and without praises; <br>
Commingled are they with that caitiff chorus <br>
<span class="tab">Of angels who aforetime were not rebels. <br>
<span class="tab">Nor faithful were to God, but stood as neutral. <br>
Heaven drave them forth lest they should mar its beauty;<br>
<span class="tab">Nor doth the lower depth of hell receive them, <br>
<span class="tab">Since that from them the damned would gain some glory.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://archive.org/details/infernodanteali00grifgoog/page/n28/mode/2up?q=%22miserable+condition%22">Griffith</a> (1908)]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote>This miserable state is borne by the wretched souls of those who lived without disgrace and without praise. They are mixed with that caitiff choir of the angels who were not rebels, nor faithful to God, but were for themselves. The heavens drove them forth, not to be less fair, and the depth of Hell does not receive them, lest the wicked have some glory over them.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://www.google.com/books/edition/The_Divine_Comedy/7I7_cvKw8xkC?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=%22this%20miserable%20state%22">Sinclair</a> (1939)]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab">This dismal company<br>
<span class="tab">Of wretched spirits thus find their guerdon due<br>
<span class="tab">Whose lives knew neither praise nor infamy;<br>
They're mingled with that caitiff angel-crew<br>
<span class="tab">Who against God rebelled not, nor to Him<br>
<span class="tab">Were faithful, but to self alone were true;<br>
Heaven cast them forth -- their presence there would dim<br>
<span class="tab">The light; deep Hell rejects so base a herd,<br>
<span class="tab">Lest sin should boast itself because of them.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://archive.org/details/divinecomedy00peng/page/86/mode/2up?q=%22dismal+company%22">Sayers</a> (1949)]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab">These are the nearly soulless<br>
<span class="tab">whose lives concluded neither blame nor praise.<br>
They are mixed here with that despicable corps<br>
<span class="tab">of angels who were neither for God nor Satan,<br>
<span class="tab">but only for themselves. The High Creator<br>
scourged them from Heaven for its perfect beauty,<br>
<span class="tab">and Hell will not receive them since the wicked<br>
<span class="tab">might feel some glory over them.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://archive.org/details/infernoverserend00dantrich/page/42/mode/2up?q=%22nearly+soulless%22">Ciardi</a> (1954), ll. 32-39] </blockquote><br>

<blockquote>Such is the miserable condition of the sorry souls of those who lived without infamy and without praise. They are mingled with that base band of angels who were neither rebellious nor faithful to God, but stood apart. The heavens drive them out, so as not to be less beautiful; and deep Hell does not receive them, lest the wicked have some glory over them.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://archive.org/details/inferno0000dant/page/n37/mode/2up?q=%22sorry+souls%22">Singleton</a> (1970)]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab">This wretched state of being<br>
<span class="tab">is the fate of those sad souls who lived a life<br>
<span class="tab">but lived it with no blame and with no praise.<br>
They are mixed with that repulsive choir of angels<br>
<span class="tab">neither faithful nor unfaithful to their God,<br>
<span class="tab">but undecided in their neutrality.<br>
Heaven, to keep its beauty, cast them out,<br>
<span class="tab">but even hell itself would not receive them<br>
<span class="tab">for fear the wicked there might glory over them.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://archive.org/details/dantesinferno00dant/page/20/mode/2up?q=%22wretched+state%22">Musa</a> (1971)] </blockquote><br>

<blockquote><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab">This miserable way<br>
<span class="tab">is taken by the sorry souls of those<br>
<span class="tab">who lived without disgrace and without praise.<br>
They now commingle with the coward angels,<br>
<span class="tab">the company of those who were not rebels<br>
<span class="tab">nor faithful to their God, but stood apart.<br>
The heavens, that their beauty not be lessened,<br>
<span class="tab">have cast them out, nor will deep Hell receive them --<br>
<span class="tab">even the wicked cannot glory in them.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://archive.org/details/lccn_83048678/page/22/mode/2up?q=%22miserable+way%22">Mandelbaum</a> (1980)] </blockquote><br>

<blockquote><span class="tab"><span class="tab">That is the manner of existence<br>
<span class="tab">Endured by the sad souls of those who lived<br>
<span class="tab">Without occasion for infamy or praise.<br>
They are mixed with that abject squadron of angels<br>
<span class="tab">Who did not think it worth their while to rebel<br>
<span class="tab">Or to be faithful to God, but were for themselves.<br>
Heaven chased them out, so as not to become less beautiful,<br>
<span class="tab">And the depths of hell also rejected them,<br>
<span class="tab">Lest the evil might find occasion to glory over them.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://archive.org/details/divinecomedy0000dant/page/56/mode/2up?q=%22manner+of+existence%22">Sisson</a> (1981)] </blockquote><br>

<blockquote><span class="tab">This is the sorrowful state of souls unsure,<br>
Whose lives earned neither honor nor bad fame.<br>
<span class="tab">And they are mingled with angels of that base sort<br>
<span class="tab">Who, neither rebellious to God nor faithful to Him,<br>
Chose neither side, but kept themselves apart --<br>
<span class="tab">Now Heaven expels them, not to mar its splendor,<br>
<span class="tab">And Hell rejects them, lest the wicked of heart<br>
Take glory over them.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://archive.org/details/infernoofdantene00dant/page/18/mode/2up?q=%22souls+unsure%22">Pinsky</a> (1994), ll. 30-37]</blockquote><br>

<blockquote><span class="tab">This wretched measure is kept by the miserable souls who lived without infamy and without praise.<br>
<span class="tab">They are mixed with that cowardly chorus of angels who were not rebels yet were not faithful to God, but were for themselves.<br>
<span class="tab">The heavens reject them so as not to be less beautiful, nor does deep Hell receive them, for the wicked would have some glory over them.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://archive.org/details/divinecomedyofda0001dant_u1l7/page/56/mode/2up?q=%22wretched+measure%22">Durling</a> (1996)] </blockquote><br>

<blockquote>This is the miserable mode in which those exist, who lived without praise, without blame. They are mixed in with the despised choir of angels, those not rebellious, not faithful to God, but for themselves. Heaven drove them out, to maintain its beauty, and deep Hell does not accept them, lest the evil have glory over them.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://www.poetryintranslation.com/PITBR/Italian/DantInf1to7.php#anchor_Toc64090919:~:text=This%20is%20the,glory%20over%20them.">Kline</a> (2002)]</blockquote><br>



<blockquote><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab">This awful habitat is given <br>
<span class="tab">over to the "so-so souls" who, when they lived, <br>
<span class="tab">were neither cold nor hot.<br>
They share this region with a retinue <br>
<span class="tab">of neutral angels, those who neither were for God <br>
<span class="tab">nor Satan, but for you-know-who.<br>
To keep its reputation from impair, <br>
<span class="tab">Heaven expelled them; they were barred from Hell,<br>
<span class="tab">in case in case the wicked thought themselves more fair."<br>
[tr. <a href="https://www.google.com/books/edition/The_Inferno_of_Dante_Alighieri/B8DHyhZK8ZQC?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=%22awful%20habitat%22">Carson</a> (2002)]</blockquote><br>




<blockquote>This baleful condition is one, he said<br>
<span class="tab">that grips those souls whose lives, contemptibly,<br>
<span class="tab">were void alike of honor and ill fame.<br>
These all co-mingle with a noisome choir<br>
<span class="tab">of angels who -- not rebels, yet not true<br>
<span class="tab">to God -- existed for themselves alone.<br>
To keep their beauty whole, the Heavens spurned them.<br>
<span class="tab">Nor would the depths of Hell receive them in,<br>
<span class="tab">lest truly wicked souls boast over them.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://archive.org/details/divinecomedy0000dant_l7y1/page/12/mode/2up?q=%22baleful+condition%22">Kirkpatrick</a> (2006)] </blockquote><br>

<blockquote><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab">This miserable state is borne<br>
<span class="tab">by the wretched souls of those who lived<br>
<span class="tab">without disgrace yet without praise.<br>
They intermingle with that wicked band<br>
<span class="tab">of angels, not rebellious and not faithful<br>
<span class="tab">to God, who held themselves apart.<br>
Loath to impair its beauty, Heaven casts them out,<br>
<span class="tab">and the depth of Hell does not receive them<br>
<span class="tab">lest on their account the evil angels gloat.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://dante.princeton.edu/cgi-bin/dante/campuscgi/mpb/GetCantoSection.pl?LANG=2&INP_POEM=Inf&INP_SECT=3&INP_START=34&INP_LEN=9">Hollander/Hollander</a> (2007)] </blockquote><br>

<blockquote><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab">This is how the vilest,<br>
<span class="tab">Sorriest souls have lived their lives,<br>
<span class="tab">Neither disgraced nor ever once admired.<br>
Mixed among them are souls thrown from on high,<br>
<span class="tab">Angels who neither joined the Devil's rebellion<br>
<span class="tab">Nor stood with God. They simply stayed to the side.<br>
Heaven rejected them as ugly, and Hell<br>
<span class="tab">Refused to let them in its deeper parts,<br>
<span class="tab">Outshining demons if the Devil let them dwell there.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://www.google.com/books/edition/The_Divine_Comedy/WZyBj-s9PfsC?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=%22how%20the%20vilest%22">Raffel</a> (2010)] </blockquote><br>

<blockquote><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab"><span class="tab">Their pride to have no prejudice,<br>
Seeking no praise for fear of taking blame,<br>
They were for nothing, nor were they against:<br>
They made no waves and so they made no name.<br>
Now their neutrality is recompense,<br>
For here there is no cautious holding back:<br>
Voices once circumspect are now incensed<br>
And raise to make each other's eardrums crack<br>
Thus they are joined to that self-seeking squad<br>
Of angels fitted neither to rebel<br>
Against, nor put their heartfelt faith in, God --<br>
Hunted from Heaven and locked out of Hell<br>
Because the perfect sky would brook no blur,<br>
And in the lower depths the rebels prized<br>
The glory won from being what they were,<br>
Not the nonentities that they despised.<br>
[tr. <a href="https://archive.org/details/inferno0000dant_y2l4/page/14/mode/2up?q=%22have+no+prejudice%22">James</a> (2013), ll. 44-59]</blockquote><br>
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		<title>Richter, Jean-Paul -- (Attributed)</title>
		<link>https://wist.info/richter-jean-paul/3280/</link>
		<comments>https://wist.info/richter-jean-paul/3280/#respond</comments>
		<pubDate>Sun, 01 Feb 2004 16:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Dave</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Richter, Jean-Paul]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[anxiety]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[bravery]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[courage]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[cowardice]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[danger]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[fear]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[timidity]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[A timid person is frightened before a danger, a coward during the time, and a courageous person afterward. Quoted in Edward Parsons Day, Day&#8217;s Collacon: an Encyclopaedia of Prose Quotations, &#8220;Danger&#8221; (1884), without citation.]]></description>
        <!-- DCH Insert author info (category description) then (Source) and then put the extra info (MORE) below that. -->
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>A timid person is frightened before a danger, a coward during the time, and a courageous person afterward.</p>
<br><b>Jean Paul Richter</b> (1763–1825) German writer, art historian, philosopher, littérateur [Johann Paul Friedrich Richter; pseud. Jean Paul]<br>(Attributed) 
									<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(<a href="https://www.google.com/books/edition/Day_s_Collacon_an_Encyclopaedia_of_Prose/Qo_Mhkcu8iAC?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=%22timid%20person%22" target="_blank">Source</a>)
										<br><br><span class="cite">
						

Quoted in Edward Parsons Day, <i>Day's Collacon: an Encyclopaedia of Prose Quotations</i>, "Danger" (1884), without citation.
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